70 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



contents are present. Third instar (well grown in this instar): It is 

 now a very short, thick larva, angles sharp (in cross section), and 

 dorsal plain and "slopes" nearly flat. Length 5*0mm., height 

 22mm., width 2-2mm. Colour a deep grey-green with black spiracles 

 and hair-points, and bright yellow dorsal (ridge) and lateral lines. The 

 hairs are all on tall bases, and are spiculated, but vary immensely in 

 size, curve, direction, etc. ; some few are short, finely-spiculated clubs, 

 others long hairs, and there are all intermediates ; all the hair- 

 bases present some trace of spicules (wheel-points), and, in a few, they 

 are fairly developed ; lenticles are conspicuous near the spiracles, and 

 on the prothoracic plate some occur near the dorsal ridges, but they 

 vary in position on different segments, and on opposite sides of the 

 same segments. On the 7th abdominal segment and those behind, 

 the hairs are very small transparent clubs, generally curved backwards 

 and slightly rough with spicules ; the clubs of some of these are so 

 small that they graduate into others, in which they are absent, and 

 these are not easily, if at all, distinguishable from lenticles. The 7th 

 abdominal segment has a transverse honey-gland slit ; on the 8th 

 abdominal also, outside and behind each spiracle, is a pucker of the ever- 

 sible gland opening. Fourth instar : Notwithstanding its dull leaden 

 ground colour, this is a brilliant little larva, owing to the rich orange- 

 yellow dorsal and lateral lines and the black spiracles ; the dorsal lines 

 are present on the mesothorax, metathorax, and 1st to 6th abdominal 

 segments ; the lateral lines all round, but a little wanting on the 

 extreme front. Dorsally, each line has the aspect rather of a patch on 

 each segment than a continuous line, and there is a little of the same 

 suggestion in the lateral line. The little raised tubes of the black 

 spiracles are very conspicuous, and there is a faint pale shade half- 

 way up the slope on the middle of each segment. The hairs are light 

 rufous with dark bases. The slopes have a subsegmental median 

 depression with branches, and the varied angle of the surface gives an 

 effect of different depth of colour beyond the actual fact. The dorsal 

 ridges (and yellow lines) are about 1mm. apart on the mesothorax, and 

 gradually approach to 05mm. on the 6th abdominal segment. Fifth 

 imtar (June 26th, 1906): The lame have almost exactly the same 

 appearance as in the fourth instar. The black raised spiracles are 

 larger and, therefore, more conspicuous, as is the dark mark at the 

 outer angle of the prothoracic plate; the subsegmentation of the meso- 

 thorax is more conspicuous dorsally, making the yellow line almost 

 divided into two. The glands on the 8th abdominal segment are very 

 conspicuous, rather flesh-coloured, a small area being without skin- 

 points even when the gland is retracted; that on the 7th abdominal is 

 a transverse line (of some width centrally) without skin-points, 

 surrounded at a little distance by an oval line (without hairs, etc.), 

 ('specially visible at the two ends. The hairs arc bright, dark golden 

 on both flanges and on lower line at base of legs, which, in some 

 specimens, also shows a yellow longitudinal hand. The prothorax has 

 long hairs all over, and there are some on the mesothorax in front, but, 

 elsewhere, the lateral slope 1 of the terminal (7th-l()th abdominal 

 segments) slope has only minute black hairs little more than points. 

 The long hairs are about O'Smm. long (Chapman). Vullfed larva: 

 Length H lines; the larva- can, however, contract itself very much, so 

 as to appear higher and more humped. Of the usual Lvcaaiid form. 



