AGRIADES CORIDON. 73 



plant was bent back. The larva was then seen in the cavity resting 

 on the main stem of the root, and appeared somewhat shrunken in 

 length but wider than before. This disturbance caused it to show itself 

 again on the 15th when it was quite 2ft. from the foodplant and its 

 colours still bright, but on the 16th it had again disappeared, and on 

 the 18th it was found in another little hollow among the stems just 

 below the surface of the ground, much lessened in length, but increased 

 in width, and of a paler colour than when last seen ; on the 21st the 

 pupa was observed (evidently just changed), its nose pointing slightly 

 upwards, the pupa lying at a slight angle, so that the posterior portion 

 was lower than the anterior, the front part of the pupa slightly greener 

 than the hinder, although it was rather bone-colour in general appear- 

 ance. The puparium, as already noted, seemed to be merely a little 

 oval space hollowed out by the movement of the larva round and round 

 until just large enough for it to settle comfortably in, a little piece of 

 loose leaf and stick only separating its head from the surface of the 

 ground. The pupa is without any proper cremastral hooks, but the 

 larval skin is usually retained on the anal segment ; it easily shakes 

 loose, however, and there is no attempt at attachment either directly 

 or by means of the larval skin. Hellins describes the larva as going- 

 underground to pupate ; Eiihl says that the larva buries itself and 

 makes no girth, apparently a mere repetition of Zeller's observation 

 (Stett. Ent. Zt(j., 1852, p. 427) that the larva goes on the ground, or 

 perhaps even into it, without spinning any thread round the body. 

 Rayward observes that, in confinement, the larva leaves the foodplant 

 and buries itself amongst the roots just below the surface of the ground, 

 and there seems little doubt that this is the usual position under 

 natural conditions ; no sign of silk-spinning has ever been noticed by 

 larvae under observation, when retiring for the purpose of making their 

 puparia. Newman states that some larvae that he had were fullfed 

 about June 13th, 1870, and these pupated without attaching them- 

 selves in the slightest manner to the foodplant or anything else. 

 Zeller states that pupation follows in about three days from the time 

 that the larva enters the ground, and that the pupal period lasts about 

 three weeks. Newman reports {Ent., v., p. 139) the pupal stage as 

 lasting from about June 13th to July 6th-9th, 1870. Eayward says 

 (Proc. 8th. Land. Ent. Soc, 1907, p. 66) that the pupae of A. coridon 

 appear to be attended by ants if exposed. Krodel notes (Alia. Zeits. fur 

 Ent., ix., pp. 105-106) that the larvae pupate exclusively on the ground, 

 under stones or in rolled leaves, quite free and without girdle ; in some 

 cases a considerable number of these larvae had pupated under a half- 

 raised stone, and had loosely fastened together the underlying sand 

 with some spun threads ; in nature, they pupate under the stones 

 which they have used as larvae for hiding-places, and, in order to find 

 the pupae, one has only to turn over the stones in their habitat as in 

 searching for larvae. 



Foodplants. — Hippocrepis comosa (Boisduval, Hellins, Schmid,etc); 

 Coronilla varia (Zeller, Herrich-Schaffer, Wocke, Koch, etc.); C. 

 minima (Herrich-Schaffer, Koch); Astraf/alus (jlycyphyllus (Speyer, Hof- 

 ner, etc.); Lotus corniculatus (Boisduval, Guenee, Newman, Goossens, 

 etc.) ; Hedysarum onobnjchis (Boisduval, Guenee, Frionnet) ; Ono- 

 brychis (Bartel and Herz); Vicia (Treitsehke, Moschler, Hofner, etc.); 

 Anthyllis vulneraria (Newman); Pisum sativum, fruits (Kranz); 



