POLYOMMATUS ICARUS. 



135 



Forewixgs. Other localities. 



Pardigon. 



«J 



? 



i? 



? 



Two basal spots {type) . . 61 

 One basal spot (candiope) . . 5 

 No basal spot (icarinus) . . 1? 

 Three basal spots (tripuncta) 1 



27 



1 



15 



2 



32 



4 

 

 1 



10 







1 







With regard to the variation on the underside spotting, Zeller notes 

 (his, 1847, pp. 142-143) that aberrations, remarkable for the larger size 

 of the spots, and for their union, especially that in which the lower basal 

 spot is united in a bow to the lowest spot of the submedian row, are 

 commoner in Southern Italy than in Central Europe. He specially 

 mentions (op. cit.) a small J (taken July 15th 1844) in which the 

 four basal spots of the underside of the hindwings are enlarged and the 

 1st, 3rd and 4th are joined with the corresponding spots of the 

 submedian row, which are also enlarged, i.e., the specimen is a 

 combination of costajuncta and bi-basijuncta. Federley notes (in litt.) 

 that the ab. icarinus is very rare in Finland and that a specimen with 

 obliterated markings on the hindwings is in the collection of the 

 Helsingfors University ( = ab. posticoobsoleta). Bird notes (Ent. Rec^ 

 xviii., p. 280), the capture of a 2 at Tintern, August 11th, 1906, with an 

 extra upper spot in the submedian series of the forewing (addenda) and 

 the spots between nervures la and 16 of hindwings elongated into the 

 shape of a comma (,) ( — posticovinjularia), another 2 with the extra 

 upper spot in submedian series of forewings, taken August 18th, 1906, at 

 Tintern, and another $ taken August 22nd, 1906, with the same extra 

 spot, and, in addition, the basal spots of the forewings asymmetrically 

 united into a conglomeration of spots and streaks. Blachier notes 

 (in litt.) a £ captured at Bergue, near Geneva, June 10th, 1909, with 

 the arcuata or melanotoxa character of the forewing supplemented by 

 the basijuncta form on the hindwing (really homologous markings in 

 the two wings); in another $ from the Bois des Freres, the arcuata- 

 mark of the forewing and the costajuncta mark of the hindwing are 

 present ; in another $ , taken at Myes, near Geneva, June 6th, 1909, 

 the 1st submedian and 1st chevron of the hindwing are united = ab. 

 posticoapicalis, whilst, in another J , taken at Thoir} r , August, the same 

 mark on the hindwing appears, supplemented with an exactly homo- 

 logous one at the apex of the forewing ( = ab. anticoapicalis). Of 

 the underside variation, Oberthiir observes (Etudes, xx., p. 23) that 

 the species sometimes entirely lacks the black spots on the underside 

 and that he has a J from Besancon, analogous with Hiibner's cinnus 

 (op cit., fig. 30), that a ? from Cancale (fig. 41) is much less spotted 

 w T ith black on the hmdw T ings than usual, and that what spotting 

 remains is not quite symmetrical ; on the other hand, he adds, the 

 species otten shows considerable development of the black spots, 

 especially in the forewings, e.g., fig. 42, taken at Cancale, which may 

 be looked upon in this rtspect as a transition to fig. 43, taken at 

 Besancon and fig. 44 from Chartres . . . Sometimes certain spots 

 are united. Others again, he adds, have no oeellated spots at the base 

 of the forew T ings, as figured by Herrich-Schaffer (fig. 246), a form that 

 Bellier notes as being not rare at Chateaudun. Warburg states (Ent. 

 Bee, i., p. 239) that asymmetrically spotted examples are often 



