POL^OMMATUS ICARUS. 139 



"Berge's Scbmett.," 9th ed., p. 70 (1909). Punctigera, Aigner-Abafi, "Ann. 

 Mus. Nat. Hung.," iv., p. 516 (1896). Puvctifera, Courv., " Mitt. Schw. Ent. 

 Gesell.," xi., p. 23 (1903); Gillm., » Int. Ent. Zeits. Gub.," xviii,, p. 2 (1904); Rebel, 

 "Berge's Schmett.," p. 70 (1909). — <? . With a marginal series of interneural 

 black spots on the upperside of the hindwings. 



The character by which this aberration is distinguished was first 

 noted by Austaut, in 1879, in his description of the Mauretanian race, 

 celina, but the latter is so specialised in other directions that we prefer 

 to retain the name celina for the Mauretanian race, and apply Cockerell's 

 name to the aberrations that merely present this character in other- 

 wise typical specimens occurring in various parts of the range of this 

 species. The form is pretty generally distributed as a more or less 

 local aberration in the British Isles, much more abundantly, however, in 

 the most western localities in Ireland and Scotland than in England. 

 Weir strangely supposed {Ent., xxi., p. 216) the development of the 

 spots to represent some slight gynandromorphic tendency. South 

 records "the capture of a $ of this form in June, 1887, at Ventnor ; 

 Grover, on June 17th, 1897, at Guildford; Sheldon took it between 

 June 24th and July 10th, 1893, at Mortehoe, and Smallman on 

 August 5th, 1906, at Wimbledon, whilst others are recorded from Lewes 

 (Weir), Deal(Tutt), Sligo(Russ), Pitcaple(Reid),Munden(Reuss), Port- 

 law (Raynor), etc. South notes (Proc. Sth. Loud. Ent. Soc, 1888-9, p. 65) 

 th.it, of 70 examples received from Perth, fourteen exhibited black dots 

 on the hind-margin of the upperside of the hindwings; McArthur 

 records (Ent., xxxiv., p. 805) that a greater proportion of the $ s 

 captured in the Isle of Lewis, in 1901, had black dots than was the 

 c ise in 1887, whilst Rose states that the $ s from Rannoch are large 

 and bright, some with black dots just within the margin of the hind- 

 wings on the upperside. Reuss records (Ent. Bee, xxi., p. 211) a very 

 bright S , almost of A. thetis tint, with a well-developed row of jet 

 black marginal spots on the hindwings as in A. thetis ab. puncta, taken 

 at Munden, Herts., June 13th, 1909. On the continent it appears to 

 be more frequent in the south than elsewhere. Blachier notes (in litt.) 

 that, in the Geneva district, examples of this form are rare, and that, 

 when the spots are present, they are rarely more than traces, but, in 

 the valleys of the southern Alps, the aberration appears to be more 

 frequent, and that, in two specimens from the Val Antigorio, taken 

 respectively on July 12th and August 10th, 1905, six large well-developed 

 spots are present; Reverdin adds that he has an exceptionally well 

 marked example taken at Pardigon, April 11th, 1908, and others less 

 strongly marked from the same locality (April 15th, 1908), St. Nicolas 

 (August, 1896), Arolla (July 30th, 1906), and Salins (July 25tb, 1905). 

 Verity observes (Bull. Ent. Soc. Hal., xxxvi.,p. 138) that, on the Lucca 

 coast, $ s with this series of black dots are rather frequent, the inter- 

 mediate form with smaller spots, more so. Wheeler states (Ent. Bee, 

 xxi., p. 281) that the late summer brood at Assisi and Siena are of 

 a deep, royal blue, some specimens having a row of black spots round the 

 hindwing. Lowe notes that only about half-a-dozen <?s of P. icarus 

 were seen at La Granja from mid-June to mid-July, 1908, but these 

 were all of this form ; Lang observes (Ent., xvi., p. 280) that, at 

 Gibraltar, the $ s have, very frequently, a marginal row of small black 

 dots on the hindwings, and Walker adds (Trans. Ent. Soc. Bond., 

 1890, p. 373) that some of the $ s in the Gibraltar district are very bright 

 and have a submarginal row of small black dots on the upperside of 

 the secondaries, whilst, in the middle of summer, very small examples 



