162 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



subtus cinerascentibus. With rounded uniform brown wings and a series of red- 

 yellow submarginal spots on both sides of all the wings ; the underside ashy-grey. 

 It is a ? , but to which c? does it really belong? Is it Scopoli's alexis? 

 (Bergstrasser). 



Borkhausen recognised (Sys. Bescli., i., p. 161) this as a form 

 of P. icarus. Bergstrasser's figure represeDts a ? with upperside 

 brown, the bases of all the wings tinged with blue, and yellowish- 

 fulvous submarginal bands to all the wings. The underside of the 

 forewings, however, has only one basal spot. The form has been 

 generally known as iphis*, Meig., whose examples came from the 

 Baumhauer coll., as also did those figured by Gerhard, 22 years later, 

 probably (in spite of the difference in colour tint) the same examples. 

 Esper first figured this aberration as curidon [Schmett. Fait., i., pi. lxxix. 

 (cont. xxix.), fig. 1] the name being utilised (antea, p. 148) for an 

 upperside form. Either the top or bottom basal spot may be absent. 

 In our experience, it appears to be a rarer form than ab. icarinus, 

 although, in England, as on the Continent, it occasionally occurs in 

 almost all localities with the type. We have taken it in most of the 

 localities in which we have collected, and, of thirteen $ s of this form 

 captured at Deal in August, 1887, ten have the lower and three the 

 upper spot absent. Cuxton, Chattenden, Sligo, etc., provide other 

 examples. Norgate notes {in litt.) that, at Sparham, in Norfolk, the 

 upper of the basal spots on the underside of the forewings is usually 

 the more distinct, several examples having the lower of these spots 

 without a black centre and almost obsolete, so that they scarcely reach 

 the candiope (iphis) form. The ab. candiope is recorded from Guildford 

 (Grover), $ , Tintern, August 16th, 1906 (Bird), etc. We have Conti- 

 nental specimens labelled — $ , Via Mala, August 23rd, 1907; $ , Santa 

 Maria, in the Munsterthal, August 14th, 1908 ; $ , Staefa Bog, July 

 27th, 1908; $ , Fontainebleau, August, 1899; $ , Bourg d'Aru, August, 

 1896; $ , Bourg St. Maurice, August 1st, 1905; g , Bigne, August 

 4th, 1906, etc. It is noticeable that every example here recorded is 

 $ . Weymer records it as occurring frequently at Elberfeld with the 

 type. Kroulikowsky says that it occurs in the Viatka Govt, of Russia. 

 In the British Museum coll. are $ s from Preston, Londonderry; 

 Cyprus; Askhabad, Sarafschan ; Hyeres (Yerbury); Norway— Odalen, 

 right side only, the second spot just visible on left side. In other 

 examples, the basal spotting is mixed — (J) typical one side, icarinus 

 the other —semiicarin us, Bell, (2) typical one side, candiope the others 

 seinicandiope, n. ab., (3) icarinus one side, candiope the other = ab. mixta, 

 n. ab. We have examples of all these forms taken at Deal in August, 

 1887, others from Cuxton, whilst Smallman notes (Ent. llec, xix., p. 41) 

 the capture of two $ s and one $ on August 13th, 1906, on Wimbledon 

 Common, in which the underside of the left forew T ing is typical and 



* Brilliant light blue with brown outer margin, and pure white fringes ; 

 beneath ashy -grey with black ocellated spots and a spotted reddish-yellow marginal 

 band towards the outer margin of hindwings. The i is not of so vivid a tint as in 

 bellavjus and alcxis, but more mixed with white and with a reddish tinge ; a 

 tolerably broad blackish-brown outer marginal band, which, on the hindwings, 

 usually takes the form of spots. The outer portions of thenervures blackish. The 

 body light blue and hoary. The antenna? ringed black and white with a black club 

 and white apex. The fringes white throughout. The underside ashy-grey, almost 

 identical with that of d icarus, but there is only one basal ocellated spot on the 

 forewing. Figured from a specimen in Baumhauer's coll. (Meigen). 



