186 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



distinct specialised form of their own of L. icarus, distinguished by a 

 much paler, greyer tint below than the more warmly- tinted typical 

 form in Europe, and by the markings below being much smaller and 



less distinct The two forms, L. fugitiva and /,. persica, 



are extremely closely allied, and, if they are really separable, may be 

 seasonal broods of one species or of one variety of L. tear its." De 

 Niceville seems to have got here as far as we have at the present time. 

 Butler's types of fugitiva and persica are, as we have noted above, in 

 the British Museum coll., and are certainly the early spring (March) 

 and autumn (October) races of the same form. Swinhoe's examples 

 labelled fugitiva, also from Quetta (one $ , one 2 > September,- 1880) and 

 Kandahar (one $ , one 2 , October, 1880) are autumnal specimens, are 

 rather brighter-coloured, and very little different from the kasli- 

 gharensis from Sarafschan, thus showing how closely allied the two 

 forms are. Under the name kashgharensis, in another drawer, are one 

 $ and one £ from Quetta (September, 1880), and two $ s and one 

 ? from Kandahar (October, 1880), both lots from Swinhoe, exactly of 

 Butler's persica form, except that the first-named 2 is very fuscous (no 

 orange on upperside), whilst the underside of the g from Quetta has 

 rather better marginal lunules than those of the other two. 



8. var. chitralensis, Swinhoe, " Lep. Ind.," no. lxxxvi., p. 30, pi. 647, figs. 

 3-3b (1910). — A local form of P. icarw. Male, upperside dark lavender-blue. 

 Forewing with a slender black costal line, both win^s with a terminal black line. 

 Cilia white, with a brown basal band. Underside dark grey, spots black, ringed 

 with white, much larger and more prominent than in P. fugitiva and l J . ya/rhun- 

 densis, markings similarly disposed, but there are eight spots in the discal row on 

 the hindwing, the lowest two being twin spots ; in some examples, the submarginal 

 orange spots of the hindwing are very prominent. Female, upperside dark brown, 

 with a pinkish-ochreous tint. Forewing, in some examples, without any markings, 

 in others, there are three or four pale orange subterminal spots above the hinder 

 angle. Hindwing with a more or less complete series of subterminal black spots, 

 marked with blue on the outer side, and with orange, capped with dark brown 

 lunules, on the inner side, prominent in some examples, more or less obsolescent 

 in others. Underside darker than in the male, and more pinkish tinged, all the 

 spots, and also the subterminal spots on both wings, large and prominent 

 (Swinhoe). 



The $ s of fugitiva, But!., and persica, Butl., also appear to 

 agree somewhat closely with a series (eight $ s, four $ s) from Chitral, 

 in the British Museum coll., named chitralensis, Swinhoe MS., of 

 which the above description has been published whilst this sheet has 

 been passing through the press. The $ s are of good size, more lilac- 

 blue and less bright blue than those marked kaxhgharenxix, i.e., more of 

 the hue of European icarus, and not of the /u/las-hlne of kashgliarensis ; 

 the $ s are also very large, very dull sooty-fuscous in tint, with 

 scarcely any orange markings on the upperside ; the undersides of 

 the $ s are rather greyer than those 1 lahelJed kaxhgharenxis, and the 

 development of the darkish grey chevrons to the marginal lunules on 

 the underside of all the wings gives them a more mottled appearance; 

 the spotting, inclining to the discreta form, is also more marked ; the 

 underside of the $ g rather browner, the spotting rather heavier, and 

 the fulvous stronger than in the S s, in which it is weak. One £ 

 tends to the addenda form. The specimens are labelled "Chitial- 

 Drosh, coll. G. A. Leslie and W. H. Evans (1902)" ; ■« Chitral- Drosh, 

 6000-10000, !. vi. '03. A. R. 0. Saunders"; '• Chitral-Madaglasbt, 

 10000ft. 8. vii. 07 (A. R. C. Saunders)/' The small differences that 



