198 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



anus ; the segmental divisions deeply cut ; the whole skin finely set 

 with tiny hairs ; the colour a dark, full green, the dorsal ridges paler, 

 the subspiracular ridge yellowish, the sunken spiracles pale green, the 

 head shining black (Hellins). 



Larva. — Summer (not hybernating) larva : First instar (newly- 

 hatched) : Pale ochreous, almost colourless, hardly l-3mm. long, with 

 black head, very broad, a fine double dorsal crest of long hairs, and a 

 rather shorter lateral fringe, all pale and colourless, bat when well- 

 fed, in this instar, assumes a certain amount of colour and marking. 

 One, 2mm. long, is noted as pale ochreous in colour, with dark brown 

 mottling forming a mediodorsal band, two others between dorsal ridge 

 and spiracles, and one below spiracles. The a,bdominal armature may 

 be described as consisting of — tubercle i, with seta very long and 

 curved ; ii, short, these are rather close together ; then two large 

 lenticles, upper largest towards front of segment, lower towards middle 

 of segment, a very short hair to front of segment, and at same level 

 and behind it, a hair-base, with a nearly, or quite, obsolete hair, then 

 spiracle, then three hairs on flange, middle one lower, and twice as 

 long, about 017mm., as others. The 7th abdominal segment has 

 tubercle i and two lenticles ; the 8th has i and a lenticle above 

 spiracle ; the 10th has a small plate without hairs or marginal hairs ; 

 abdominal segments 7-10 have, on either side, five large and eight 

 shorter hairs ; abdominal segment 7 probably claims the ordinary 

 three of these, but which segments the others precisely belong to is 

 not so easily guessed. The prothoracic plate is diamond-shaped (angles 

 transverse), and has a long hair in front and in the middle of each 

 side, with a shorter one at outer angle, a long one behind, and a very 

 minute one in extreme front, and three minute lenticles. Taking 

 the colouring in a lateral view, though the dark is the added colour, 

 there appear to be a pale subspiracular (flange) band, a pale supra- 

 spiracular line, and another between the two lenticles with a dorsal 

 flange pale line ; these lines are quite straight, if they are oblique lines, 

 they have not yet acquired any obliquity. Already the dorsal flanges 

 are rounded, and would not deserve this name but that the space 

 between them is hollowed, the slope is, however, fairly flat. Second 

 instar (fullfed and laying up for moult) : 2-6mm.-3-0mm. long, 0*8mm. 

 wide. The dorsal ridges low and rounded, the dorsal flat rather wide ; 

 the slopes not very steep, still with crest of dorsal hairs (those of 

 tubercles i and ii reinforced by others), and have a lateral fringe, with 

 an intermediate set of shorter hairs (two to a segment) probably 

 representing tubercle iii ; the mesothorax still high and overhangs 

 prothorax. Colour still ochreous, the dorsum dark, the ridges pale (dark 

 just under them), then a pale line, and then a dark band (just above 

 tubercle iii), followed by a pale band getting darker till it is rather 

 dark just above pale lateral flange, a little darker immediately below 

 flange ; the head and chitin of legs black. There are two brown hooks 

 to each of the pads of the prolegs. The spiracles may best be 

 distinguished from lenticles, which are numerous, by being raised into 

 cones, those on 7th and 8th abdominal segments very markedly. 

 Third instar (half-grown) : Length 4-5mm., height and width 

 l'7mm., slightly olive-green, with many black points of hair- 

 bases, a slightly darker dorsal line, and indication that ridgea 

 would like to be yellow ; there are two pale lines with a darker line 



