200 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



paler green shades, two oblique lines, rather less oblique than usual, 

 with a pale shade about the spiracle ; both the honey and eversible 

 glands (on the 7th and 8th abdominals) are obvious. The prothoracic 

 plate has a semicircular rounded edge to front, sunk below the raised 

 front of segment and a good deal below mesothorax ; it carries 

 numerous short hairs and a dark lenticle or two towards angles. 

 When active the glands of the 8th abdominal segment are somewhat 

 everted and have a hexagonal pattern, and are, at short intervals, 

 suddenly and momentarily jerked inwards (Chapman). Hybernating- 

 larva (February 17th, 1908). — [Found a dozen or so of larvae wander- 

 ing away from foodplant on which they had been all the winter, under 

 glass, but unheated.] The smallest is 3mm. long, the largest 6mm., 

 except one which is 9mm., and may be in last instar ; they are all a 

 dark blue-green with no yellow, but a paler tint on the lateral flange, 

 as though a white or yellow lateral line were desired ; the segments 

 are well marked on lateral view, the incisions being deep, the summits 

 rounded. The mesothorax is the first of the series, the 6th abdominal 

 segment the last, the prothorax being flat and at a much lower level, 

 the 7th-9th abdominal segments sloping equally to the posterior 

 extremity. The dorsal groove is very shallow, and hard]}- exists 

 in a plump specimen ; there is a depression or groove down the 

 slope on each segment, not quite straight, it begins below the 

 dorsal flange, and passes down to just behind the spiracle ; a separate 

 depression begins at spiracle and ends in a pit just above lateral 

 flange ; the hairs are a warm, but pale, fuscous, their bases dark 

 dots, long on the flanges, but rather sparse. Final instar (March 22nd, 

 1908) : Of an uniform deep green, almost shining. Most examples 

 show along the flange a narrow pale line from metathoraxto end, that 

 looks as if it meant to be yellow, but was really a thread so sunk in 

 the green tissues that it is actually greenish. It has the appearance 

 of being sunk some way beneath the skin. Head black, legs and 

 under surface of paler ochreous tendency, the legs with a few dark 

 lines. The head remarkably small for so large a larva, about l*2nim. 

 across, and retracted ; a larva curved and rigid, under alarm brings the 

 head out slowly, feeling from side to side, but retracts it with a jerk if 

 the alarm recurs ; when quite retracted only the paler mouth-parts 

 show, the black cranium being completely bidden. The usual eight 

 segments — two thoracic and six abdominal — have, on side view, quite 

 an angular outline, though the actual angle is rounded off (i.e., does 

 not exist), the front two-thirds of the segment slope upwards and 

 backwards in a straight line, the posterior third similarly upwards and 

 forwards (of course, more steeply), the angle being about 100°; the 

 (subsegmental ?) groove down each slope is well-marked, with sub- 

 sidiary upholstered depressions at spiracle and some way above spiracle 

 (" upholstered," presenting hollows, like those in cushions, seats, and 

 backs of chairs, etc., where the surface is held down by buttons, etc.) ; 

 the dorsal and lateral hairs are much longer than elsewhere ; the 

 larval length (larva a bit sulky) 11mm., height and width 4mm., 

 slopes flat, dorsal groove a distinct hollow ; slopes 3mm. high, 1mm. 

 across dorsal flanges. My mounted skins show distinctly that there 

 are two moults before hybernation and two after, so that there are 

 five larval in stars, I do not appear to have made descriptions of each 

 of these from living larvae. My notes might suggest that there are 



