318 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



specimens, though we have seen exceptional examples from the Alps 

 («.//., from the Laquinthal) exhibiting more of this suffusion, though of 

 a more distinct blue, than we have seen in any of the examples from 

 the Caucasus that we have had the opportunity of examining. 



(y) var. jasilkowskli, Horm., " Verh. Zool.-bot. Gesells.," xlvii., p. 138 

 (1897); liv.,p. 433 (1904); Fleck, "Macr.-Lep. Raman.," p. 24 (1901); Spul. 

 *■■ Schmetr. Eur.," p. 69 (1902) ; Rebel, " Berges Schmett.," 9th ed., p. 75 (1909) ; 

 Seitz, " Gr. -Schmett.," p. 321 (1910). Ewphemus, Horm., " Outers. Lep. Buk.," 

 p. 177 (1894). — A peculiar local race of L. avion is abundant in the Alpine region 

 [of Bukovina] . Ail the 8 specimens before me (7 3 1 9 ) are similar, only 32-35mm. 

 in expanse. The black border is narrower than usual, all the spots are small and 

 indistinct, often punctiform, and on the hindwings absent. But the principal 

 •difference is that the characteristic ocellated spots of avion on the underside of the 

 forewings in the discoidal cell between the discoidal spot and the base are entirely 

 absent. I call this local form jasilkowskii, in honour of Herr Jasilkowski, from 

 whom I received a number of specimens. As early as August 5th, 1894, I found 

 this variety on the Alpine meadows of Lutschina, and hence the erroneous reference 

 in my Unlenucliungen iiber die Lepidopteven dev Bukowina, p. 177. On August 

 3rd, 1894, Herr Jasilkowski caught a specimen at Munceln, and 6 fresh specimens 

 at Raren, all in the Alpine region (Hormuzaki). 



Later [Verh. zool.-bot. Gesells., xlvii., p. 138), Hormuzaki wrote as 

 follows, in consequence of Staudinger's action (Catalotj, 3rd ed., p. 90) 

 in making jasilkowskli a synonym of obscura, from which it is entirely 

 different: — " This is not darker than the type, though smaller, with a 

 narrower black border and small spots ; the most important character 

 is, however, the total absence of the spot in the median cell of the 

 underside of the forewings, on account of which I first considered this 

 variety as a form of euphemus." 



This is really an obsolescent form, both on the upper and under- 

 sides. It is doubtful whether it should really be included among the 

 mountain forms, since it is rather a hill than a mountain race, and its 

 characters are not those of the other mountain forms ; still less, 

 however, do they seem to show affinity with the other southern forms, 

 and the only alternative would be to place it in a category by itself. 

 It occurs in the Alpine region of Bukovina, and Fleck also reports it 

 from Roumania. 



(5) ab. unicolor, Horm., "Ent. Nacht.," xviii. p. 1 (1892); Riihl, "Pal. 

 Gr.-Schmett.," p. 308 (1893); Tutt, "Brit. Butts.," p. 158 (1896); Fleck, 

 " Macr.-Lep. Ruman.," p. 24 (1901) ; Spul., " Schmett. Eur.," p. 69 (1902) ; 

 Lamb., " Pap. Belg.," p. 254 (1902); Rebel, " Berges Schmett.," 9th ed., p. 75 

 (1909) ; Seitz, " Gr. -Schmett.," p. 321 (1910).— This aberration is at once distin- 

 guished from the typical form by a conspicuously darker blue ground-colour. All 

 the winps are often still more darkened because the blackish brown colour of the 

 border extends further inwards. On the forewings the spot on the discocellular 

 nervures (transverse nervures) is only very faintly indicated, and is sometimes 

 quite absent, the other black spots are absent except a very indistinct spot between 

 the second and third median nervures (cell three). The hindwings are quite 

 unicolorous (as far as the darker border) but in many specimens the black spots on 

 the transverse nervures, and in cells 3, 4, and 5, are indicated by indistinct dots, 

 which are, however, rendered very faint by the very dark ground colour which we 

 have already mentioned. The underside agrees entirely with the typical form 

 (Hormuzaki). 



Hormuzaki adds that this aberration is often met with, more or 

 less distinctly marked, at Crasna in Bukovina, among ordinary 

 specimens of avion in meadows, especially at the borders of woods, at 

 a height of 1.500 to 2,G50ft. above the sea. Fleck also reports it from 

 Roumania. It is a somewhat extreme form of obscura, with hindwings 

 completely suffused and forewings broadly suffused, sufficient blue 



