16 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



is i'5mm. long, 7mm. broad at base, smooth, and terminates in a fine 

 point, that, seen under a lens, proves to be two fine points, slightly 

 divergent. The anal scar has a rather swollen lip on either side, 

 narrowing forwards. In the g is a circle on 9th segment below, 

 with a central longitudinal depressed line, the area between the 

 circle and line full, but not very prominent*. In the $ , the 

 ventral line of 8, 9 and 10 presents no segmental division, but 

 the surface runs smoothly from one to another, but without any 

 suggestion of being obliterated by a smoothing force, drawing the 

 posterior ones through it into 8. The 8th abdominal segment presents 

 two pores with faintly tumid margins, one centrally, the other at its 

 posterior margin. The colouring appears to vary, the general faint 

 terra-cotta or very pale sepia tint has various dark or nearly black 

 markings. The spiracles are dark, there is a dark line down the 

 median suture of the maxillae, and the anal spine is very dark. The 

 wings have rows of dark marks down the interneural spaces, and 

 similar dark markings occur on the other appendages. The space 

 in front of the spiracle of the 5th abdominal segment, and the opposed 

 surface of 4 is dark, and the whole abdomen is finely dotted with 

 dark or black points, which are the fine hair-points already 

 described (Chapman). Poulton figures and describes (Ext. 

 Morph. T.ep. Pupa, p. 205, pi. xx., figs. 24, 25) the terminal 

 abdominal segments of the pupa of Sesz'a steHatarum. " Fig. 24 ( x 4) 

 represents the last four segments of a 2 pupa seen from the 

 ventral aspect. The functional spiracles on the 7th, and the 

 rudimentary spiracles on the 8th, abdominal segments are repre- 

 sented in profile. The posterior part of the pupa gradually tapers 

 into the sharp black rostrum. The anus (A) is distinct. The chief 

 peculiarity of the pupa is the remarkable distinctness of both the 

 $ reproductive apertures. Although clearly seen in this figure, 

 their relation to the segments is better studied on the more highly 

 magnified fig. 25. Fig. 25 (X40) shows the median ventral area 

 of the last three segments of the pupa, represented in the preceding 

 figure. Of the very distinct reproductive openings, the anterior, 

 leading into the bursa copulatrix, is seen to belong to the 8th 

 abdominal, while the posterior, opening into the oviducts, apparently 

 belongs to the 9th abdominal. The ventral prolongation of the 

 boundary between the 9th and roth abdominals is marked by a 



* In most specimens the depression is'rather deeper and wider than is implied 

 by calling it a line, being rather a pore or pit. It seems always to be quite sym- 

 metrical, unlike the similar parts in Hemarids to which reference was omitted in vol. iii. 

 In his papers in Trans. Linn. Soc, i8<>o, pi., xx., rip. 26, Poulton figures these parts 

 in a 3 pupa of H '. fuciformis, and calls attention to their asymmetry. Unfortunately, 

 it would seem he had only one specimen, and with the characteristic caution of true 

 science, merely notes it as that " of the individual represented." It is. however, present 

 nail Hemarid pupae examined (ffemarisfuciformts, tityus, Cochrania croatica, kingit) 

 and probably in the whole subfamily. In these pupae, the male tubercles are twisted 

 so that the left one is more to the front, as well as a little larger and more 

 prominent, and has a corresponding sinuation in the posterior margin of the 8th 

 segment. The groove between them is of course rendered oblique, so that its 

 anterior end points to the right instead of directly forward. The twisting probablv de- 

 pends on the aedceagus of the imago, being twisted so that the opening, instead of being 

 ventral, is to the left side. The further asymmetry of the clasps in the Ilem.uids 

 (sec. Trans, lint. Soc. Lond , i<)02, pp. 679 ct sea.) is probably not represented in 

 the pupa, unless it is by the sinuation of the margin of the 8th abdominal segment. 



