62 BRITISH LEFIDOPTERA. 



rather darker ground-colour crossing middle of wing, ending on 

 inner margin towards base, a rosy-red patch (of varying size) lying 

 on this towards base of wing ; a black basal patch at lower edge 

 of inner margin, edged below with long white scales ; a fine white 

 inner-marginal line ; a small white discal spot ; cilia of outer margin 

 deep red, of inner margin white. Posterior wings, outer half bright 

 rosy-red, darker marginally, the basal half black ; cilia white. 



Sexual dimorphism. — In this species the sexes are very similar. 

 The antennae differ as is usual in Sphingids ; they differ, how- 

 ever, further, in the antenna of the ? being very decidedly more 

 slender than that of the $ ; both are about 12mm. long, and consist 

 of about 60 joints, but that of the $ is about o^omm. in diameter, 

 where at a corresponding point that of the $ is about o^oram. The 

 scaling is in three rows, the first of very short scales hidden below 

 the last row of the preceding segment, the second is a little irregular, 

 and the third or terminal row is more regular, and the visible 

 portions of the scales of this row, as compared with those of the 

 preceding row, are in length as about 3 to 2. The anterior tibial 

 spurs are larger and apparently of more complicated structure in 

 the $ . In both, the tibia is about 3"5mm. in length, and the spur 

 is at about its middle, and so arises a little nearer the base in the 

 $ than in the 2 , viz., in the 2 about romm. from the base, 

 in the $ o - 8mm. ; its length is rjmm. in the 2 ■> 2*2mm. in the 

 $ ; the tibia extends beyond the spur about romm, in the 2 , and 

 o-6mm. in the $ . It is difficult to say that there is any difference in 

 form of wing, colouring, or marking, between the $ and 2 . There 

 is, however, a somewhat different build, very obvious in living 

 specimens, less so in the cabinet. The 2 is more robust, and 

 the abdomen diminishes to a sharp apical point in the last 2 or 

 3 (visible) segments, whilst that of the $ tapers more regularly to a 

 similar sharp apex. On the first tarsal joint of the second pair ot legs 

 there is in both sexes a close series of fine spines just opposite 

 the larger of the tibial spines. This does not occur in T. porccllus 

 (Chapman). 



Gynandromorphism. — Only one gynandromorphous example of 

 this species appears to have been described. This reads as follows j 



a. Halved. Left side c? , right side ? . The coloration of the two 

 sides different. The left ( S ) side strong rose-red ; the right ( ? ) side on the 

 forewing olive-green and dull red, hindwing albinistic towards the outer margin. 

 Shape of the wings dissimilar, left longer and more slender. Left antenna male, 

 right female. Shape of the abdomen female, though the anal point is developed in a 

 crippled manner and glued together. Right wings 27mm., left 29mm. Bred at 

 Berlin. — In the Wiskott coll. (Wiskott, Festschrift, &c, pp. 108 — 109). 



Teratological example of Eumorpha elpenor. — Van Laer 

 notices (Alg. Konst en Letterbode, 1847, pt. 2) that he captured 

 an imago of E. elpenor with the left hindwing absent, but the 

 forewing on the side where hindwing was lacking was larger than 

 the other forewing, and showed also on its " inner-side " indications of 

 the markings of the hindwings. 



Variation. — This species, distributed as it is over the greater 

 part of Asia and Europe, appears to offer considerable variation, 

 and the Indian and Japanese races have been respectively 

 described as distinct species, viz., rivufaris, Bdy. (=macromera t 

 Butl. + f rater na, Butl.) and tewisit, Butl. Besides these races 



