72 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



tubercles. The caudal horn is black, shorter than in preceding 

 instar. Hairs very short, those on caudal horn longer than those 

 on body; the shagreen tubercles on area of future ocellated spots 

 are mere specks (July 12th, 1896). Fourth instar: 25mm. growing 

 to 43mm. at end of instar -head, as in last instar, very small for size 

 of larva. Body green in colour (but dark forms occur in this 

 stadium). Head, prothorax and mesothorax now strongly retractile ; 

 the metathorax and 1st and 2nd abdominals much swollen. The 

 dark mediodorsal line still present ; the subdorsal .broad, not 

 so distinct as in previous instar, strong on 8th abdominal, and 

 bordered with dark brown on the upper side ; the oblique lines 

 only faintly marked, although in some instances bordered with 

 dark brown or black ; the ocellated spots now strongly marked, 

 the lunule large and bright, the upper half yellow, the lower half 

 bright pink, surrounded by a narrow black line, on the under side 

 this black border is enlarged into a velvety-black blotch, often 

 with a small detached spot beneath, rather stronger on the 1st 

 than on the 2nd abdominal ; the pink lower border of the ocellated 

 spots in 4th instar becomes gradually surrounded by the yellow 

 and is left as a pink lunule in the centre of the yellow one. One 

 of the larvae has strongly marked black blotches on each 

 segment just above the subdorsal line, and a black blotch 

 on the posterior mediodorsal portion of each segment; it is also 

 faintly mottled with black all over the dorsal area. The caudal 

 horn still prominent in some larvae, stiff, pointed, slightly curved, shiny, 

 black, but with white tip (July 15th, 1896). Fifth instar (the last) : 

 Bright green in colour, mottled with paler green specks (shagreen 

 spots). Head rather tall, rounded in shape, very small, of a duller 

 green tint than body, mottled with darker green on face. Pro- 

 thoracic scutellum also darker green than rest of body. The 

 markings on the body as in preceding instar, but rather stronger ; 

 the spiracles dark ; the subdorsal stripes on thoracic segments 

 bordered both above and below with black (very strongly marked on 

 anterior half of metathorax) ; the ocellated spots now very prominent, 

 the central area dark greenish-brown, extending to lunule, bordered with 

 yellow above and blue beneath, the black border very strong, especially 

 the lower part of that on the 1st abdominal, almost equally so on both 

 the upper and lower parts on that on the 2nd abdominal. [One sus- 

 pects that the clearly-marked portion of the subdorsal line on the meta- 

 thorax with its deep black borders is the commencement or remnant 

 of another ocellated spot, and it suggests how this characteristic 

 style of marking possibly originated.] Caudal horn mounted on a 

 pyramidal-shaped hump, the horn itself very small and insignificant 

 (July 19th, 1896) (Bacot). Fullgrown larva: About 70mm. in 

 length, stout from the 1st to the 8th abdominal segment, being 

 widest at the 1st and 2nd abdominal segments. The thoracic 

 segments taper rapidly to the head, which is small and round. 

 The head, prothorax, and mesothorax can be retracted into the 

 metathorax, which then becomes puffed. There is a small, curved, 

 rough caudal horn, 2111111. long, on the 8th abdominal segment. 

 The skin generally smooth (llellins). Newman also describes the 

 fullfed larva ( E?it., iii., pp. 127 — 128). 



Variation of larva. — Albin described the green and brown forms 



