HIPPOTION CELERIO. 127 



elsewhere quite definite) and obscuring it merely where it is. 

 Viewed transparently, the anterior borders of the abdominal segments 

 show numerous pits, which are somewhat oval, with their anterior 

 margins raised or thicker than the posterior, the margins a little 

 crenulated (as in Sphinx), amongst them are a few minute hairs, 

 most numerous near the spiracles. The black spots of the pupa 

 cover three or four pits, and have no definite relation to them ; 

 towards the posterior margins of the segments the pits are reduced 

 to small points, a tenth of the diameter of those in front, and 

 approach somewhat the appearance of hair-points, each in the centre 

 of a minute patch of darker coloration. The hairs are most numerous 

 on the prothorax, and are both long and numerous (6 or 7 to i sq. mm.) 

 near the first spiracle, some being quite o-imm. in length. The 

 first spiracle has the posterior lip closely beset with extremely 

 fine shagreen-points ; the anterior lip has very numerous closely-set 

 fine hairs, perhaps 10 to o - imm. each way, for o^mm. wide and the 

 length of the spiracle (i^mm.); the hairs are about o'imra, long 

 where longest, they get weaker, smaller, and fade out and are lost 

 about o'3mm. within the opening. The true spiracle is some i'2mm. 

 within the outer opening. [Description made from empty pupa-shells. 

 The colouring of Eumorphid pupae does not alter much when they 

 are empty but the form may be misinterpreted, since both the 

 wing-covers and the shield-plate of the head and legs curl up 

 a good deal in the dehisced shell. I have interpreted doubtful points 

 by a reference to the very closely allied pupa of Isoples alec to, of which 

 living specimens are available (Chapman).] Red-brown or brown-grey 

 with blackish-grey head, dorsum and wing-cases and reddish-brown 

 abdomen (Bartel). 



Dehiscence of pupa. — The proboscis-, leg-, and antenna-cases 

 separate together as far as the point where the wings and proboscis 

 meet ; this remains solid and retains appendage-covers in place, the 

 headpiece separates alone (and is liable to be lost, as it is removed 

 from between the proboscis and antennae), these (proboscis and 

 antennae) stand out as a central and two lateral projections to the 

 appendage-cases piece. Dorsally, these may be a slight accidental 

 fracture of the margin of the prothorax, but there is no suture, and it 

 is very slight ; the mesothorax remains solid. [This seems to be the 

 normal mode of dehiscence of Eumorphid pupae.] (Chapman). 



Foodplants. — Vitis vinifera (Linne), Fuchsia (Hellins), 

 Ampelopsis (Bartel), Virginia creeper (Bell), " vigne vierge " ( ? Vitis 

 hederacea) (Seebold). Vines which have been trained as espaliers in 

 front of buildings appear to be preferred ; much more rarely it feeds 

 on such plants as, in addition to vine, serve Phryxus livornica for 

 pabulum (Bartel) ; the Taro, the Nono ( Morinda citrifolia), the Ape 

 (Arum costatum) in Tahiti (Walker), wild vine (sp. ?) in Queensland 

 (Ash), small willow-herb, fuchsia, white bedstraw (Edgell), Rumex 

 lunaria (Ragusa). 



Parasites. — Many larvae taken in April, 190 1, at Townsville, 

 in Queensland, with small marks or scars upon the dorsum. They 

 all fed up, some spun a puparium, but none pupated, all producing, 

 at this stage, larvae of a rather large grey dipteron. Although 

 hundreds of larvae have been examimed, not a single specimen of 

 any size has been without the telltale marks (Dodd, Ent., xxxv., 



