172 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



wing is obscured and dull in colour ; the hindwings dull pale 

 grey, lacking the usual rich rose shade at the anal angle ; the 

 body is also grey instead of olive-green (=ab. grisea, n. ab.). The 

 scales in these examples appeared to be wanting in the ordinary 

 pigment, and the scales themselves suggested immaturity, the larger 

 longer basal ones adhering to the abdomen. Other semidiaphanous 

 examples appeared among the later-bred of Tugwell's specimens, and 

 these showed still more striking signs of failure in the scale-develop- 

 ment. It is largely on the observations we made on the remarkable 

 appearance of many specimens bred by Tugwell and others, in 1888, 

 that we have founded much of our doubt in accepting strange- 

 looking bred Phryxids with unusual facies, as hybrids (see anted, 

 pp. 44-54). Mina-Palumbo writes : " Dr. O. Struve reared from larvae 

 obtained at Mondello a form differing from typical gallii in the lack of 

 the row of spots on the abdomen." Herz says that the form from 

 the Lena district does not differ from that found in Europe and 

 Amurland, whilst Staudinger makes a similar remark of a $ found at 

 Saisan. Bartel notes (Pal. Gross-Schmett., ii., pp. 73-74) that ex- 

 amples of C. gallii from the Kentei mountains scarcely differ on 

 the upper side from European specimens, but, beneath, they are 

 distinguished by a darker (blackish instead of dark grey) outer margin 

 of the wings. He also adds that specimens from Labrador, where 

 C. gallii is the sole representative of the Sphingids, are smaller than 

 those of Central Europe, and considerably darker in colour ; and that 

 they also have an entirely red median band, and narrower, grey-dusted, 

 margin to the hind-wings ; on the underside a blackish marginal band 

 is present on all the wings. He further notes that North American 

 specimens agree almost exactly with the Labrador examples, and 

 says that they are given in the catalogues under the name of C. 

 chamaenerii, but he asserts that they differ too little from Palaearctic 

 specimens for one to be able to regard them as a distinct species, and 

 he thinks that the two can only pass for somewhat different forms of 

 one species, brought about by climatic influences. This American 

 form is now known as intermedia, Kirby, and almost all authors 

 appear to be agreed that the American intermedia, Kirby ( = 

 chamaenerii, Harris), is merely a race of this species. Oberthiir writes 

 (in litt.J : "I believe that chamaenerii is the same species as gallii. 

 I have the North American form from Canada and Massachusetts." 

 Kirby considers (Cat., p. 665) the latter to be merely a variety and 

 Staudinger adopts (Cat., p. 102) the same view with the remark "al. 

 post, magis rubrotinctis." The insect has been described as tollows : 



a. var. (an sp.) intermedia*, Kirby, " Faun. Bor.-Amer.," iv., p. 302 ( 1837) ; 

 Kirby, " Cat.," p. 665 (1892) ; Staud., " Cat.," 3rd ed., p. 102 (1901). Chamaenerii, 

 Harris, " Amer. Journ. Sci.," xxxvi., p. 305 (1839); Agass., "Lake Superior," 

 p. 387, pi. viii., fig. 2 (1850) ; "Fern., " Spiling, of New Engl.," p. 145 (1886).— 

 Expanse nearly 3ms. The upperside of the head and thorax is olive-brown, with a 



* Deilephila intermedia olivacea ; alis primoribus vitta intermedia antice 

 pallide rosea postice nigra ; seeondariis nigris fascia rosea iutus, et ciliis albis. 

 Expansion of the wings 2,jins. Taken in North America. This species is inter- 

 mediate between D. euphorbiae and D. gain, which last it most resembles, but the 

 anterior portion of the mesal stripe of the primary wings is pale rose-colour ; the 

 fringe of their inner margin, and of the posterior of the secondaries, is white ; there 

 is no series of white dots on the back of the abdomen, and the ventral segments are 

 fringed at the apex with white hairs. This description was taken from an old 

 specimen, apparently somewhat faded (Kirby). 



