176 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



The same observer adds that, from his observation, the larvae may 

 appear from the beginning of August to the end of October, and one 

 can have no certainty in meeting with them even if one be in the 

 right locality unless one is able to make a protracted residence in 

 the spots where the species is expected to occur. In 1859, larvae were 

 taken at Ilfracombe on fuchsia (Mathew), at Shoreham on Galium 

 verum (Rickman), at Eastbourne (Costick), at Carlisle (Armstrong), 

 at Kilburn, in a garden, on fuchsia (Wormald), also on August 

 22nd, on fuchsia, at Bridgewater (Sanders), whilst Harding records 

 six from Hackney, in a garden, on fuchsia during the first week of 

 August, six more fullfed on Galium verum on August 12th, on the 

 Deal sandhills, and four others between this date and September 

 10th in the same locality. Six larvae also were obtained in Victoria 

 Park, a day or so before August 4th, 1859 ( E. W. Int., vi., p. 

 160). Rogers recorded 36 larvae, from near Dover on Galium verum, 

 between August ist-nth, and at Wallasey, August 20th, 24th, 26th, 

 are given as dates of capture, whilst at Charlton a fullfed larva was 

 found at the beginning of September (Potter), and Newman states 

 (Z00L, p. 6693) that an unusual number of larvae had been taken 

 during the autumn on the southeast coast on Galium, and others 

 on fuchsia in London. In 1870, larvae were found much more 

 widely distributed, and Newman says that they were extraordinarily 

 abundant, hundreds of larvae being taken. They were reported 

 as occurring freely in the neighbourhood of Gravesend ^Button), 

 a larva taken as early as July 29th, 1870, in a garden at Ply- 

 mouth (Bignell), six larvae were found on August 28th, 1870, 

 feeding on Galium verum on the Wallasey coast and several others 

 later (Greasley), whilst Gregson notes that, to his knowledge, two 

 individual collectors took 100, and 80 larvae respectively, and others 

 fewer numbers on the same stretch of coast. The larvae from which 

 Buckler's beautiful figures were made (Larvae, &c, pi. xxiv., figs. 1 — 

 1^) were also captured here between September 6th-26th, 1870. A 

 nearly fullfed larva was taken on Durdham Downs on September 

 5th (Greene), another on September 7th, at Newcastle-on-Tyne, 

 which went down on the nth, whilst a small larva was found 

 on the coast near South Shields about the middle of August 

 (Hamilton), small larvae found on September 9th on the shores of 

 the Solway Firth were still feeding on October 14th (Robinson), 

 larvae taken September 18th, 1870, at Lewes (Jenner), three 

 larvae were taken on G. verum on September 19th, at Stanley-by-Perth 

 (Marshall), and three larvae were found between Glassmount and 

 Kinghorn Loch in September and a fourth on October 3rd, which 

 was still feeding on the 8th (Syme), &c. There is a record of 18 

 larvae being taken near Brighton in 1871 (E. M. M., viii., p. 112) by 

 Edwards, but no further details are given. Eedle recorded three larvae 

 as being found in 1872, and Lawton records ( Yorks. List Lep. % p. 18) a 

 larva at Spurn in 1877. But 1888 was the great C. gallii year. The 

 earliest larvae appear to have been taken during the last week of August 

 when Meek captured many examples on the shingle between Kings- 

 down and St. Margaret's Bay; and Porritt obtained a dozen larvae on 

 August 30th and 31st on Galium growing on the shingle near Deal 

 and one in St. Margaret's Bay, whilst, on the same days, Tugwell took 

 n, making a total of 23; these larvae varied much in size, and the 



