CELERIO GALLII. 177 



largest went down by September 14th; on September nth, a search 

 of about two hours on the same ground produced more than a dozen 

 larvae some of which were still quite small (Tutt), and Tugwell 

 between August 30th and the end of September took some 200 

 examples in the Deal district. Many also were captured in other parts 

 of the country — larvae common during the last week of August, 1888, 

 on Galium veru??i, and the following week about a dozen others were 

 taken, on the sandhills near Shoeburyness (Cooper), larva on August 

 31st, 1888, on the cliffs at Cromer (Tawell), at Shoeburyness, full- 

 fed larvae were taken well on into September (Sheldon), larvae on 

 September 10th, 1888, at Reading, feeding on Clarkia in garden, not 

 quite half-grown, were fullfed, however, by September 25th (Barnes) ; 

 some larvae were taken at Newmarket in September, 1888, almost in 

 the town (Verrall), between September 4th-i9th, 1888, on the sandhills 

 at Wallasey, 35 larvae were collected, twenty of which were retained 

 and duly pupated, these pupae kept in a warm kitchen, the first 

 imago appearing October 29th, 18&8, 16 others following between then 

 and December 9th, when three living pupae were left (Capper), in the 

 latter part of September, seven larvae were found at Lytham, and one at 

 St. Anne's-on-Sea on September 27th, 1888 (Baxter), 22 larvae were cap- 

 tured on Epilobium angustifolium at Risley Moss, near Warrington, Sep- 

 tember 22nd-26th, all the larvae being taken in a bed of this plant some 

 50 yards long (Collins), September 8th-ioth, 1888, 21 larvae on the 

 Wallasey and Crosby sandhills (Newstead), larvae from September 8th- 

 15th, 1888, taken by the local collectors in very large numbers on 

 the Wallasey sandhills (Arkle), two larvae feeding quite exposed 

 in the bright sunshine on the sandhills at Hartlepool, September 

 23rd, 1888 (Gardner), over 30 larvae were taken in August, 1888, 

 round the coast of Morecambe Bay and Carnforth Marsh (Murray), 

 and others in September, 1888, near Glasgow (Eggleton), two larvae on 

 September 13th, 1888, at Ramsgate (Buckmaster). One would possibly 

 be well within the mark if one assumed that 600-1000 larvae were ob- 

 tained on the Deal, Essex and Cheshire coasts, of which possibly about 

 one-third produced imagines. Cooper and Tugwell both failed to find 

 a single larva in 1889 in the localities where the species was so 

 abundant in 1888. Gregson's notice of larvae ( Young Nat., x., p. 213) 

 at Wallasey was later corrected, the larvae turning out to be those of 

 Sesia stellatarum, whilst the record of its occurrence at Deal {Joe. ci'/., 

 x., p. 231) is very vague and not based on personal observation, 

 so that the evidence available points to the 1888 immigrants 

 having quite failed to establish themselves. On October 13th, 

 1892, a single black larva was taken at Chiswick (Sich), five 

 larvae were found in the autumn of 1894 on the Essex coast, but 

 although several days were spent in seaching many miles of coast, no 

 more larvae were found (Harwood). In 1897, a single larva was taken at 

 Starcross and spun up on August 13th (Benthall), whilst a larva was 

 taken on September 14th at Wallasey, and three others on September 

 1 8th, 1897, at Waterloo (Moss). As to the appearance in abundance of the 

 larvae in 1888, the following notes are interesting : From imagines taken 

 at St. Margaret's Bay between July 24th and August 6th, 1888, Williams 

 obtained ova that hatched before August 8th. These larvae are said to 

 have been comparatively small when Porritt and Tugwell obtained at 

 Deal, on August 30^-31 st, almost fullfed larvae, suggesting that 



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