HYLES EUPHORBIA. 



231 



labrum is definitely anterior, the maxilla has undergone no further 

 development. Nor are there any rough ridges on the abdominal seg- 

 ments as in the pupa of E. elpenor. In its general outline, the pupa is 

 an ordinary obtect pupa, slightly flattened from back to front, and 

 carrying its full thickness right up to the prothorax, and, with slight 

 diminution, to the 7th abdominal segment, the 6th and 7th do, indeed, 

 diminish appreciably, but the three following segments diminish 

 in a rapid cone. There is hardly any curvature in the pupa, it 

 might be called straight. The anterior extremity is nearer the 

 venter than the dorsum, the rounding being chiefly dorsal and 

 the anal spike is on the dorsal edge of the otherwise somewhat 

 truncate extremity. The measurements of an individual selected 

 at random are : 



MEASUREMENTS AT 



FKOM HEAD 



(labrum) AT 



TRANSVERSE 

 DIAMETER AT 



ANTERO- 

 POSTERIOR 

 DIAMETER AT 



Mid prothorax 



3* omm. 



8 -omm. 



8 - omm. 



Front mesothorax 



5'5 » 



9"0 ,, 



io-o ,, 



Hind margin mesothorax 



n-o „ 



io-o ,, 



io-o ,, 



End of 1st leg 



i3'° » 







End of antenna 



140 „ 







Widest part 4th abdominal 

 End of maxillae 



20-0 ,, 

 21-0 ,, 



II-O ,, 



io-o ,, 



Widest part 5th abdominal 



24-0 ,, 



io-o ,, 



9'5 1. 



End of 7th abdominal. . 



3 2- o „ 



8-o „ 



7*5 >> 



End of 9th abdominal 



34'5 >> 



2-0 ,, 



2'0 „ 



Base of spike 

 Total length 



35*° » 

 36-5*,, 



2-0 ., 



1-0 ,, 



The glazed eye points (by its convexity) directly forwards. The first 

 spiracular opening is a narrow slit directed forwards. The posterior 

 lip being comparatively wide and lying flat, passes forward over 

 the anterior one; it is dark in colour. The other spiracles are dark, 

 an oval depression with the transverse opening axially surrounded 

 by a fine raised lip. The prolegs are depressions, centrally smoother, 

 with radial impressed lines. The cicatrix of horn on dorsum of 8th 

 abdominal is slightly raised with the sculpturing radiating from it 

 in fine ridges, just behind it is a depression, which looks like, and 

 doubtless is, the result of the pressure of the base of the larval horn, 

 when depressed backwards on the pupal skin, just before the 

 pupal moult, not recovered from before the hardening of the pupal 

 cuticle. A suture is visible down the prothorax, and a false one 

 down the mesothorax, i.e., there is a dorsal line or ridge so placed 

 as to give a white line. The sides of the anal groove are full, but 

 do not amount to bosses or tubercles, the anal spike is roughly 

 wrinkled dorsally, ventrally it is longitudinally wrinkled for the 

 basal, smooth for the terminal, half. At the wing-bases some speci- 

 mens have small brown points raised above the general surface, 

 generally in one or more groups of two each ; sometimes similar 

 points occur, symmetrically on the wings. Others are quite without 

 them. There are no other special marks, tubercles, &c, even the 



* A large specimen may reach 50mm. when stretched out (Chapman). 



