HVLOICUS PINASTRI. 



287 



myself that my first impression, that some mistake had occurred, 

 was erroneous. The most definite difference is in the sculpturing of 

 the abdominal segments — in H. pinastri wrinkling almost throughout, 

 whilst, in S. ligustri, pitting is always present, and even predominates. 

 This gives the pupa a less polished, rather dull, look, whilst on 

 closer examination, the sculpturing is found to differ in a good 

 many details. The lateral spines of the anal spike also are less 

 well-developed and nearer the extremity. The first femur, which is 

 hardly represented, and is occasionally absent, in S. ligustri, is quite 

 invisible in H. pinastri. The following measurements of the pupa 

 appear to be the most important : 





DISTANCE 













FROxM 



TRANSVERS 



A NTERO- POSTERIOR 



MEASUREMENTS AT 















ANTERIOR 



DIAMETER AT 



DIAME 





EXTREMITY TO 











Base of proboscis and anterior 













margin of prothorax 



0'6mm. 



3'Omm. 



4 •omm. 



Posterior margin of prothorax and 













base of ist leg 



3'0 » 



5'5 



5> 



7'5 , 

 6-o . 



with trunk 

 without trunk 



Middle of mesothorax (or summit) 



5'5 „ 



8-o 



'5* 



9'5 > 

 8-o , 



with tiunk 

 without trunk 



Posterior margin of metathorax . . 



9'° » 



97 



>) 



9'4 1 





End of antenna 



H'S ,, 



10-5 



) > 



io-o , 





End of 1st leg (posterior margin 













2nd abdominal) 



i5'° » 











End of 2nd leg (front 4th abdominal 













segment) 



18-0 ,, 



10-4 



5» 



io-o , 





End of wings 



20'0 ,, 



i.o-8 



J > 



Jo-3 , 





Middle 5th abdominal segment . . 



23-0 „ 



9-8 



) J 



9-5 > 





Middle 6th abdominal segment . . 



26-0 „ 



9-0 



5) 



9-o , 





Middle 7th abdominal segment . . 



3 0> ° „ 



7'5 



> ) 



7'4 f 





Middle 8th abdominal segment . . 



33-o ; > 



6-o 



J) 



6-o , 





Base of anal spike .. 



35'5 » 



i-6 



)) 



i'5 > 





Total length 



37'5 » 











These measurements show that the pupa is slightly flattened 

 for the greater part of its length. The measurements do 

 not demonstrate, however, the fact that the flattening is greatest 

 dorsally, especially over the 3rd and 4th abdominal segments, 

 and that there is ventral prominence at the same region, giving an 

 appreciable trace of the S-curve, occurring in Sphingid (sens, restr.) 

 pupae. This flattening curvature, with the wrinkled sculpturing, shows 

 that this pupa is more specially Sphingid than is that of Sphinx ligustri. 

 The extreme anterior of the pupa is the head, about -J back from the 

 base of maxillae to the prothorax. The eyes have the convexity 

 about 30 from directly forwards. The middle (transverse) plane 

 of the pupa would be very little in front of the anterior border of 

 the prothorax, which slopes forwards ; if the maxilla-case (or -horn) 

 were absent, the most forward point of the pupa would be little 

 dorsal to the ventral surface. The sutures marking out the labrum 

 can be made out, but the rest of the head is well wrinkled, but 

 with no very definite features, except a trace of dorsal suture 

 (the headpiece being ventral, this is rather incorrect, but it is in 

 line with suture on prothorax) and the glazed eye, which has the 



