476 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



line of the larva, the outermost hair being to the front ; iii is a twin- 

 haired tubercle on the meso- and metathorax. On the abdominals, 

 i and ii are set trapezoidally, iii is supraspiracular, iv is subspiracular 

 and v prespiracular (except on the ist and 8th abdominal segments 

 where it is definitely below the level of the spiracle and set on the 

 lateral flange in front of iv). On the abdominal segments 2 — 7, 

 tubercle v, although well up to the level of the spiracle and towards 

 the anterior margin of the segment, is set on the lateral flange, 

 but the flange itself is curved up at the front of the segment. [This 

 fact has a considerable bearing on the vexed question ot the homology 

 of the prespiracular tubercle in other Sphingid larvae and would 

 appear to be really tubercle v forced up out of its normal place.] The 

 hairs themselves are very slightly thorned (or of uneven thickness) at 

 long intervals and the forks are longer than the undivided stem. The 

 skin-surface is smooth, without secondary hairs. The caudal horn 

 has a slightly brownish tinge especially at the base, and the junction 

 between it and the body is sharply marked and gives it a shrunken 

 appearance ; it is short, less than the thickness of the larval body in 

 length, and the minute hairs or bristles with which it is covered 

 are too small to be clearly distinguished unmounted, but apparently 

 they are slightly forked at the tip. The spiracles occupy a somewhat 

 anterior position ; on abdominal segments 1-6 they are very small, 

 much smaller than the tubercular plates, but on abdominal segments 7 

 and 8 they are very much larger, nearly as large as the tubercles and 

 show up clearly because they are white surrounded by a narrow black 

 oval rim. The subsegments are not very clearly marked, there 

 appear to be 5 each to the meso- and metathorax and 8 to the 

 abdominal segments. Second instar(J\i\y 18th, preparing for the second 

 moult) : Length 9*4 mm. The usual Sphingid change takes place 

 at the first moult; the primitive tubercles with their large black forked 

 hairs have disappeared, and are replaced by a dense growth of fine 

 secondary hairs or bristles, colourless or of a pale green tint ; these 

 are forked at the tip but are very slightly so in comparison with the setae 

 arising from the primary tubercles in the first instar. The bases of 

 these secondary hairs are slightly raised and are usually pale yellow 

 or white and surrounded by a whitish speck ; the position of the 

 primary tubercles is shown, at any rate in some instances, by a 

 slightly longer hair rising above the general coat. The hairs on the 

 head, now much more numerous, are fine bristles, some of which are 

 slightly notched at the tip and of dark colour; on the scutellum also 

 the same change in the hairs is observable, some of them appearing 

 to be very slightly forked or notched at the tip. The scutellum itself is 

 prominent and its surface rough. The larva still has the even 

 cylindrical appearance of a young Eumorphid larva, thus contrasting 

 markedly when compared with a young Amorphid larva. There 

 are eight subsegments on the abdominal segments, but there is a 

 marked tendency for the first three subdivisions to form a single 

 large subdivision in the Eumorphid manner. The caudal horn is 

 short and conical, tapering considerably, the apex bearing two long 

 hairs (which, in the specimen examined, cross each other near the tip). 

 The horn is also covered with a coat of fine bristles that are but 

 little, if at all, notched at the tip ; there is not the same sharp line 

 of separation between the body and horn in this stage. The colour 



