APPENDIX. 499 



the setting-board), the right hindwing uninjured except for two spots of hardened (?) 

 blood. The forewings normal and uninjured. Burrows coll. 



This example was forced during the winter of 1894, from a pupa 

 obtained at Rainham. An active light-coloured larva was observed 

 within the left wingcase of the pupa just before the emergence of 

 the imago. The moth emerged satisfactorily, and was perfect except 

 as noted above. The larva was unexpectedly (? rightly) determined 

 as that of CEcophora pseudospretella, which is supposed to have 

 entered the pupa (from an affected breedinj-cage) after the formation 

 of the imago, and just before it was observed, and to have don** the 

 damage described (Burrows). 



6. The left forewing deeply scooped along the costa from about the centre of 

 the apex, also on the hindmargin from the apex downwards. Clark coll. (Burrows). 



Phryxus livornica, Esper (Vol. iv., p. 147). 



[Page 155.] Partial ontogeny of larva. — Third ins tar : At 

 the end of the 3rd instar the length is rather over 23mm. Of two 

 larvae examined, one was of a lighter form than the other. Its 

 head was yellowish-orange, ground-colour of body black, but the 

 yellow lines were broader than in the other specimen, which had a 

 black head. Both had yellow dorsal, subdorsal and lateral lines; 

 the two last-named widened just before the middle of each segment, the 

 enlargements containing an orange patch ; the black ground-colour 

 enclosed between the subdorsal and lateral lines was thickly powdered 

 with yellow dots, and these dots, crossing the subdorsal lines between 

 the centre and the posterior end ot each segment, invaded the 

 dorsal su r tace, forming a small patch on each side of the central 

 line, but not reaching it. The ventral surface black. The legs and 

 prolegs shiny black. The 3rd moult was passed on the morning 

 of June 17th. Fourth instar : Length directly after moult, 23mm. 

 The markings stronger than in preceding stage ; the head now 

 black in both larvae. The ground-colour black as before ; a fold 

 of black skin on the prothoracic segment just at the back of the 

 head. The darker specimen has now almost entirely lost its yellow 

 dorsal line, whilst the lighter one has it much interrupted. The 

 caudal horn slightly reddish .towards the base, the remainder black. 

 At the end of this instar I made another and more complete 

 examination of the larva. The length was then 38mm. -39mm. 

 The subdorsal yellow lines start from the black fold of skin on 

 the prothoracic segment, but the lateral lines pass below it nearly 

 to the head. The central yellow line is obliterated towards the head, 

 and, further down, is broken up into small patches, one or two at 

 the beginning of each segment. In the lighter specimen the sub- 

 dorsal line encloses a well-developed pale orange spot on each 

 segment, a little before the centre. In the other, these spots are 

 much smaller and do not bulge out the line to any great extent. 

 The orange patches in the lateral line are much deeper in colour 

 and larger than those of the subdorsal line ; they are situated 

 below the spiracles in the centre of each segment. Three elongated 

 yellow spots further back than the caudal horn continue the sub- 

 dorsal line on the last segment, and are inclined downwards towards 

 the lateral line which fades out just above the anal pair of claspers. 

 On each side of the dorsum, at the beginning of each segment, 



