SYNOPSIS OF CONTENTS OF VOLS. I TO IV. 



519 



Ch. iv. The Internal Structure of the Lepidopterous Pupa. 



Change in internal organs. — Histolysis and Histogenesis exDlained, 65. Larval 

 organs the point of development of imaginal. — All imaginal parts represented 

 in young larva, 66. More complete histolysis of diptera. — Comparison of 

 advances made immediately before and during pupal stage, 67. Development 

 of imaginal legs during larval stage, 68. Transformations of the tarsus 

 before pupation, 69. Development before pupation of antennas and mouth- 

 parts, 70. Gradual development of imaginal wing in larva, 71 ; in pupa, 75. 

 Development of the scales, 76. Pupal haemolymph and pigment, 78. 

 Experiments of Landois, 79. Mayer, 80. and Hopkins. — " Lepidopteric 

 acid," 81. Pigments resulting from vital activities of pupa, 82. Integument. 

 — Changes in digestive organs ; in the tracheae, 83. Nervous system in pupa, 

 84. Development of genitalia, 85. Changes in the abdomen, 87. 



Ch. v. The Phylogeny of the Lepidopterous Pupa. 



Cause of metamorphosis. — Need of protection during pupal stage, 88. 

 Escape from cocoon by means of imaginal jaws in Coleoptera and 

 Hymenoptera ; modified in Neuroptera — by means of pupal jaws in Trichoptera 

 and Eriocraniids, 89. Escape from the cocoon without jaws the problem for 

 Lepidoptera and Diptera. Hardening of the pupal skin. — Persistent rudi- 

 mentary jaws and maxillary palpi derived from ancestral pupae not from 

 imagines, 90. Cocoon, previously prepared, broken by a " beak " by the 

 help of rough abdominal surface in pupae-incompletae. — Extra free segment 

 in J , 91. Partial emergence from cocoon in pupae-incompletae. — Checks on 

 total emergence. — The cremastral cable. — Non-emergence of pupa-obtecta. — 

 Necessary conditions for arriving at obtect habit. — Number of free segments, 

 92. Further evolution. — Pupae without cocoons. — Solid pupae arrived at by 

 different evolutionary lines, 93. Evolution always in the direction of solidifi- 

 cation, 94. Characters of pupae-obtectae, 95. Exceptions among pupae- 

 incompletae. — Pterophorid pupae.- -Anthrocerid pupae, 96. Dorsal hooks — 

 their evolution exhibited in species of Tischeria. — Pupa of Psychids, 97, 

 Tortricids— Sesiids — Zeuzerids, 99, Tineina, 100. 



Psychides 



Parthenogenesis, 102. Unity of 

 the superfamily, 103. Modes of 

 oviposition. — Similarity of young 

 larvae, 104. Length of larval 

 life. — Arrangement of tubercles, 

 105. Food. — Parasites, 106. 

 Rearing.— Times of emergence. 

 — Positions chosen for pupa- 

 tion — Larva-cases, 107. Final 

 larval moult, 108. Two classes 

 of Psychid pupae. - Distinction 

 of sex in pupae. — Comparison of 

 <? Psvchid and Bombycid 

 pupae, 109. Dehiscence, no. 

 Short duration of pupal stage. 

 — General description of $ 

 Psychids, in. Division of ? 

 Psychids, 112. Antennae, 113. 

 Frenulum, 114. Assembling. 

 —Method of pairing. — Anti- 

 quity of the family, 115. De- 

 structive Psychids. — Distribu- 

 tion of higher Psychids 



Classification of the Psychids 



Various views, 117. Position 

 taken in this book, 124. Phylo- 

 genetic tree 



Micro-Psychina 



Classification of various authors, 

 128; especially Zeller, 129; 

 Bruand and Herrich-Schaffer. — 

 Various distinctions. — Exotic 



PAGE. 

 . . 102 



116 

 117 



126 

 128 



PAGE 



winged genera, 131. Micro- 

 Psychid eggs ; cases ; larvae, 

 132 ; food ; pupae, 133 ; imagines. 

 — Characters distinguishing: 

 Micro- from Macro-Psychids 



Naryciidae 



Naryciinae 



Naryciidi 



Narycia 



N. monilifera 

 var. atrella 

 (ab. ochracea) . . 



(N. astrella, not British) 



Diplodomidae 



Diplodominae. . 



Diplodomidi 



Diplodoma 



D. herminata. . 



(var. siderella) . . 



(D. adspersella) 



Solenobiidae 



Solenobiinae 



Solenobiidi 



Solenobia 



S. inconspicuella 



var. (?) triquetrella 

 var. (?) wockii 



Palaearctic species not yet authent 

 cated as British 

 S. nickerlii, 181 ; S. wockii 

 S. suifunella, 182 ; S. cembrelk 

 var. pineti, 184, ab. alba, 186 

 S. fumosella, 188 ; S. trique- 



134 

 J34 

 135 

 *35 

 x 35 



m 

 138 



J 39 

 l 39 

 HS 



H5 

 H5 

 147 

 148 

 149 



154 

 J55 

 T 55 

 !55 

 163 

 164 



165 



181 



