﻿HYBRIDISATION 
  IN 
  LEPIDOPTERA. 
  

  

  23 
  

  

  spring. 
  Both 
  sexes 
  of 
  this 
  hybrid 
  were 
  much 
  nearer 
  to 
  anachoreta 
  than 
  

   raeschkei, 
  but 
  differ 
  in 
  a 
  regular 
  manner 
  from 
  anachoreta 
  in 
  the 
  reduction 
  

   of 
  the 
  group 
  of 
  dark 
  spots 
  at 
  the 
  dorsal 
  angle 
  of 
  the 
  upperside 
  of 
  the 
  

   forewings. 
  The 
  males 
  of 
  facilis 
  paired 
  again 
  with 
  female 
  anachoreta, 
  

   the 
  latter 
  laying 
  eggs 
  that 
  hatched 
  in 
  due 
  course. 
  

  

  6. 
  CLOSTERAhybr.APPRoxiMATA(/ac27/s- 
  $ 
  x 
  anachoreta 
  2 
  )• 
  — 
  Males 
  of 
  

   the 
  secondary 
  hybridfacilis 
  were 
  paired 
  with 
  anachoreta 
  2 
  in 
  Augustl897, 
  

   eggs 
  and 
  larvae 
  were 
  obtained, 
  but 
  the 
  latter 
  sleeved 
  out, 
  and 
  not 
  noted 
  

   further. 
  In 
  1898, 
  however, 
  imagines 
  of 
  this 
  tertiary 
  hybrid 
  were 
  reared, 
  

   all 
  males, 
  and 
  differing 
  very 
  little 
  from 
  anachoreta. 
  The 
  $ 
  s 
  were 
  not 
  

   tried 
  but 
  were, 
  Standfuss 
  thinks, 
  without 
  doubt, 
  capable 
  of 
  reproduction. 
  

  

  7. 
  Clostera 
  hybr. 
  similis 
  (difficilis 
  $ 
  x 
  curtida 
  2 
  ). 
  — 
  A 
  $ 
  of 
  hybr. 
  

   difficilis, 
  paired 
  with 
  a 
  2 
  curtida 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  of 
  1898 
  ; 
  fertile 
  eggs 
  

   were 
  obtained 
  and 
  the 
  larva? 
  fed 
  up 
  very 
  quickly 
  and 
  pupated, 
  the 
  pupae 
  

   separated 
  into 
  two 
  lots, 
  one, 
  the 
  males, 
  producing 
  imagines 
  very 
  

   quickly, 
  the 
  other, 
  the 
  females, 
  going 
  over 
  the 
  winter 
  as 
  pupae 
  and 
  

   emerging 
  in 
  the 
  spring 
  of 
  1899. 
  The 
  males 
  and 
  females 
  were 
  both 
  

   very 
  like 
  C. 
  curtida, 
  and 
  the 
  females 
  were 
  especially 
  well-developed. 
  

   The 
  latter 
  paired 
  freely 
  with 
  $ 
  s 
  of 
  C. 
  curtida, 
  eggs 
  were 
  laid, 
  and 
  the 
  

   larvae 
  were 
  especially 
  healthy. 
  

  

  Sphingides." 
  — 
  As 
  we 
  have 
  already 
  pointed 
  out, 
  crosspairing 
  

   between 
  different 
  Sphingid 
  species 
  has 
  been 
  noticed, 
  and, 
  although 
  

   pairings, 
  such 
  as 
  those 
  of 
  Ryloicus 
  pinastri 
  $ 
  and 
  Mimas 
  tiliae 
  2 
  

   (Bartel, 
  Pal. 
  Gross- 
  Schmett., 
  ii., 
  p. 
  148), 
  Smerinthus 
  ocellata 
  $ 
  and 
  

   Ryloicus 
  pinastri 
  2 
  (Treitscbke, 
  Die 
  Schmett., 
  x., 
  pt. 
  1, 
  pp. 
  137-138), 
  

   and 
  Sphinx 
  ligustri 
  £ 
  and 
  Smerinthus 
  ocellata 
  2 
  (Kntom., 
  i., 
  p. 
  

   357), 
  have 
  taken 
  place, 
  in 
  some 
  cases 
  more 
  than 
  once, 
  they 
  have 
  

   resulted, 
  as 
  might 
  be 
  expected, 
  in 
  the 
  production 
  of 
  infertile 
  ova. 
  

   The 
  pairing 
  of 
  Smerinthus 
  ocellata 
  $ 
  and 
  Mimas 
  tiliae 
  2 
  (Herfert, 
  

   Insekten-Bbrse, 
  xvi., 
  p. 
  280), 
  although 
  not 
  productive 
  of 
  fertile 
  ova, 
  

   may 
  be 
  successful, 
  for 
  imagines 
  of 
  its 
  reciprocal 
  cross, 
  Mimas 
  hybr. 
  leoniae 
  

   (tiliae 
  $ 
  x 
  ocellata 
  2 
  ) 
  have 
  been 
  reared 
  by 
  Standfuss. 
  We 
  have, 
  however, 
  

   already 
  dealt 
  with 
  the 
  recorded 
  hybrid 
  Sphingids 
  at 
  such 
  length 
  

   (antea 
  , 
  iii., 
  pp., 
  380-381 
  ; 
  pp. 
  390-396 
  ; 
  p. 
  495 
  ; 
  iv., 
  pp. 
  44-54 
  ; 
  p. 
  481) 
  

   that 
  detailed 
  repetition 
  would 
  be 
  purposeless. 
  We 
  simply 
  note, 
  

   therefore, 
  the 
  actual 
  Sphingid 
  hybrids 
  that 
  have 
  so 
  far 
  been 
  reared. 
  

   These 
  are 
  : 
  

  

  Amorphidte 
  : 
  — 
  1. 
  Mimas 
  hybr. 
  leonije, 
  Stdfss. 
  (tiliae 
  £ 
  x 
  ocellata 
  

   2 
  ) 
  (antea, 
  iii., 
  pp. 
  391-2), 
  of 
  which 
  only 
  $ 
  s 
  were 
  obtained, 
  and 
  these 
  

   resembled 
  Mimas 
  tiliae 
  much 
  more 
  than 
  Smerinthus 
  ocellata. 
  

  

  2. 
  Calasymbolus 
  hybr. 
  interfaunus, 
  Neuni. 
  (astylus 
  S 
  X 
  ocellata 
  

   2) 
  (antea, 
  iii., 
  p. 
  392), 
  of 
  which 
  25 
  $ 
  s 
  emerged 
  in 
  the 
  summer 
  of 
  

  

  1894, 
  other 
  pupa 
  1 
  apparently 
  healthy 
  going 
  over 
  a 
  second 
  winter. 
  

  

  3. 
  Smerinthus 
  hybr. 
  hybridus, 
  Stphs. 
  {ocellata 
  " 
  \ 
  populi 
  2 
  ) 
  

   (antea 
  iii., 
  pp. 
  392-3 
  ; 
  pp. 
  448-159) 
  the 
  best-known, 
  and 
  most 
  frequently 
  

   bred 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  Sphingid 
  hybrids; 
  in 
  appearance 
  intermediate 
  between 
  

   the 
  parent 
  species; 
  some 
  hundreds 
  have 
  been 
  bred 
  of 
  late 
  years 
  

   by 
  Standfuss 
  and 
  Newman. 
  

  

  •I. 
  Smerinthus 
  hybr. 
  oberthueri, 
  Tutt 
  (atlanticus 
  S 
  Xaustauti 
  £) 
  

   (antea, 
  iii., 
  p. 
  393), 
  only 
  once 
  successfully 
  reared 
  by 
  Austaut. 
  the 
  

  

  * 
  As 
  the 
  details 
  of 
  the 
  hybrids 
  belonging 
  to 
  this 
  superfainity 
  have 
  already 
  

  

  been 
  published 
  in 
  volumes 
  iii 
  and 
  iv, 
  we 
  s^ive 
  onlv 
  brief 
  summaries 
  of 
  tbem 
  here. 
  

   Details 
  oan 
  be 
  obtained 
  by 
  referenoe 
  to 
  the 
  earlier 
  volumes. 
  

  

  