﻿HYBRIDISATION 
  IN 
  LEPIDOPTERA. 
  25 
  

  

  Amorphids. 
  If 
  the 
  parentage 
  of 
  most 
  of 
  these 
  hybrids 
  be 
  as 
  assumed, 
  

   and 
  such 
  forms 
  are 
  developed 
  in 
  nature, 
  there 
  should 
  be 
  little 
  trouble 
  

   to 
  verify 
  the 
  facts 
  by 
  breeding 
  in 
  captivity. 
  It 
  is 
  not, 
  perhaps, 
  out 
  of 
  

   place 
  to 
  note 
  that 
  Standfuss 
  (Handbuch, 
  etc.) 
  states 
  that 
  remarkable 
  

   Phryxid 
  larvaB 
  were 
  taken 
  by 
  Rober 
  of 
  Dresden, 
  on 
  fuchsia 
  that 
  he 
  

   supposed 
  might 
  be 
  the 
  progeny 
  of 
  a 
  cross 
  between 
  Hyles 
  euplwrbiae 
  

   and 
  Eumorpha 
  elpenor. 
  He 
  failed, 
  however, 
  to 
  rear 
  them. 
  

  

  Attacides.* 
  — 
  The 
  first 
  notes 
  we 
  have 
  of 
  hybridity 
  among 
  the 
  

   Attacids 
  (Saturniids) 
  are 
  those 
  of 
  Ochsenheimer 
  {Die. 
  Schmett., 
  ii., 
  p. 
  

   viii 
  ; 
  iii., 
  pp. 
  9-10; 
  iv., 
  pp. 
  191-193). 
  Here 
  he 
  described 
  two 
  forms 
  

   of 
  Saturnia 
  hybr. 
  hybrida 
  (spini 
  $ 
  x 
  pavonia 
  5 
  ) 
  ; 
  which 
  he 
  later 
  

   separated 
  as 
  hybrid 
  a- 
  major 
  (approaching 
  spini) 
  and 
  hybrida 
  -minor 
  

   (approaching 
  pavonia). 
  Staudinger 
  and 
  Standfuss 
  appear 
  to 
  have 
  

   been 
  misled 
  into 
  assuming 
  a 
  different 
  parentage, 
  which 
  we 
  have 
  

   discussed 
  (antea, 
  iii., 
  pp. 
  296-297). 
  These 
  appear 
  to 
  have 
  come 
  from 
  

   Vienna. 
  In 
  1856, 
  Anker 
  bred 
  others, 
  at 
  Budapest 
  and 
  Briinn 
  (Ent. 
  

   Nach., 
  1878, 
  pp. 
  130-131 
  ; 
  p. 
  175). 
  Later 
  notes 
  on 
  S. 
  hybr. 
  hybrida 
  

   were 
  published 
  by 
  Aigner, 
  in 
  1880 
  (Soc. 
  Ent., 
  1880, 
  pp. 
  57-58 
  ; 
  1889, 
  

   pp. 
  56-57). 
  In 
  1870, 
  however, 
  Wallace 
  records 
  (Ent. 
  Mo. 
  May., 
  vi., 
  

   p. 
  267) 
  pairings 
  (obtained 
  in 
  1869) 
  between 
  Antheraea 
  pernyi 
  $ 
  x 
  

   cecropia 
  $ 
  , 
  Antheraea 
  pernyi 
  $ 
  x 
  polyphemus 
  ? 
  , 
  and 
  Antheraea 
  

   pernyi 
  $ 
  x 
  yamamai 
  £ 
  > 
  of 
  which 
  eggs 
  produced 
  from 
  the 
  A. 
  pernyi 
  

   X 
  yamamai 
  pairing 
  proved 
  fruitful. 
  Part 
  of 
  these 
  eggs 
  were 
  handed 
  

   to 
  Dr. 
  T. 
  A. 
  Chapman, 
  and, 
  although 
  Wallace 
  failed 
  to 
  get 
  imagines, 
  

   Chapman 
  obtained 
  one 
  example, 
  which 
  was 
  sent 
  to 
  Bond 
  in 
  1876, 
  and 
  

   exhibited 
  by 
  him 
  (Ent. 
  Mo. 
  May., 
  vii., 
  p. 
  263), 
  the 
  first 
  A. 
  hybr. 
  

   perny-yama 
  successfully 
  reared 
  (the 
  remark 
  that 
  it 
  was 
  reared 
  by 
  

   Wallace 
  being 
  an 
  error 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  reporter). 
  About 
  1870, 
  Bigot, 
  a 
  

   French 
  eericulturist, 
  also 
  obtained 
  (1) 
  Antheraea 
  hybr. 
  perny-yama 
  

   (pernyi 
  $ 
  x 
  yamamai 
  $ 
  ) 
  and 
  (2) 
  its 
  reciprocal 
  cross, 
  A. 
  hybr. 
  

   inversa 
  (yamamai 
  $ 
  x 
  pernyi 
  ?), 
  the 
  progeny 
  being 
  magnificent 
  moths, 
  

   hybernating 
  in 
  the 
  pupal 
  stage 
  and 
  maintaining 
  themselves 
  as 
  distinct 
  

   for 
  some 
  time. 
  Berce 
  also 
  obtained 
  examples 
  of 
  A. 
  hybr. 
  inversa, 
  and 
  

   nineteen 
  of 
  these 
  cocoons 
  came 
  into 
  the 
  possession 
  of 
  Wailly 
  in 
  1875 
  

   (Entom., 
  xiii., 
  pp. 
  154 
  et 
  se<j.). 
  From 
  these 
  cocoons 
  only 
  one 
  imago, 
  

   a 
  ? 
  , 
  emerged, 
  and 
  this 
  paired 
  Avith 
  a 
  $ 
  A. 
  pernyi, 
  the 
  larvae, 
  when 
  

   hatched, 
  being 
  entirely 
  black 
  like 
  those 
  of 
  A. 
  pernyi, 
  and 
  bearing 
  no 
  

   resemblance 
  to 
  those 
  of 
  A. 
  yamamai. 
  Wailly 
  does 
  not 
  tell 
  us 
  what 
  

   special 
  characters 
  were 
  developed 
  later, 
  or 
  whether 
  he 
  reared 
  these 
  

   imagines, 
  but 
  says 
  that 
  degeneracy 
  quickly 
  occurs 
  in 
  the 
  hybr. 
  perny- 
  

   yama 
  as 
  a 
  result 
  of 
  inbreeding. 
  About 
  1878, 
  the 
  Bombay 
  silk-spinners 
  

   are 
  said 
  to 
  have 
  successfully 
  hybridised 
  Antheraea 
  mylitta 
  with 
  A. 
  

   yamamai, 
  whilst 
  Bourdier, 
  in 
  1878, 
  obtained 
  further 
  fruitful 
  pairings 
  

   between 
  Antheraea 
  pernyi 
  and 
  yamamai 
  (A. 
  hybr. 
  perny-yama), 
  and 
  

   Wailly 
  observed 
  (Entom. 
  , 
  xiii., 
  pp. 
  154 
  et 
  seq.), 
  in 
  1880, 
  that, 
  for 
  several 
  

   years 
  he 
  has 
  obtained 
  crossings 
  between 
  pernyi 
  A 
  \ 
  polypliemus 
  £ 
  . 
  

   cecropia 
  $ 
  x 
  cynthia 
  2 
  , 
  several 
  times 
  ; 
  cecropia 
  J 
  \ 
  ijloven 
  ? 
  ; 
  

   cecropia 
  $ 
  x 
  polyphemus 
  $ 
  , 
  several 
  times; 
  pyri 
  ^ 
  A 
  x 
  cecropia 
  ? 
  , 
  but 
  

   that, 
  in 
  every 
  case, 
  the 
  eggs 
  had 
  proved 
  infertile. 
  In 
  1884, 
  Wailly 
  

  

  * 
  The 
  details 
  of 
  the 
  hybridism 
  in 
  this 
  superfamilj 
  have 
  already 
  boon 
  published 
  

   in 
  volume 
  iii, 
  to 
  which 
  reference 
  must 
  be 
  made, 
  as 
  only 
  a 
  brief 
  summary 
  of 
  facts 
  is 
  

   recorded 
  here. 
  

  

  