﻿124 
  

  

  BRITISH 
  LEPIDOPTEEA. 
  

  

  at 
  base, 
  5 
  belonging 
  to 
  system 
  of 
  lower 
  median, 
  6 
  from 
  middle 
  of 
  transverse 
  vein, 
  

   independent, 
  7 
  belonging 
  to 
  system 
  of 
  upper 
  median, 
  8 
  supra-apical, 
  8 
  and 
  9 
  

   stalked, 
  12 
  free. 
  Hindwings 
  with 
  normally 
  8 
  veins, 
  la, 
  lb 
  and 
  lc 
  present, 
  5 
  

   belonging 
  to 
  system 
  of 
  lower 
  median, 
  6 
  belonging 
  to 
  system 
  of 
  upper 
  median, 
  8 
  in 
  

   part 
  closely 
  approximated 
  to 
  7, 
  usually 
  anastomosing 
  with 
  it 
  beyond 
  cell, 
  posteriorly 
  

   divergent. 
  

  

  Omitting 
  the 
  above 
  characters 
  shared 
  by 
  the 
  Alucitids 
  (Pterophorids) 
  

   with 
  the 
  Pyralids, 
  the 
  following 
  is 
  given 
  as 
  a 
  definition 
  of 
  the 
  Ptero- 
  

   phorids 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Xo 
  ocelli. 
  No 
  maxillary 
  palpi. 
  Abdominal 
  uncus 
  in 
  c? 
  well-developed. 
  Fore- 
  

   wings 
  with 
  vein 
  7 
  separate 
  or 
  absent. 
  Hindwings 
  with 
  vein 
  6 
  separate 
  from 
  7, 
  8 
  

   free 
  but 
  closely 
  approximated 
  to 
  7 
  on 
  cell, 
  lower 
  median 
  not 
  pectinated. 
  Wings 
  

   usually 
  fissured. 
  

  

  As 
  bearing 
  on 
  the 
  phylogeny 
  of 
  the 
  group, 
  Meyrick 
  says 
  (op. 
  cit., 
  

   p. 
  4) 
  : 
  " 
  The 
  development 
  of 
  the 
  uncus 
  shows 
  that 
  the 
  Alucitids 
  are 
  

   not 
  derived 
  from 
  the 
  Botydids, 
  and 
  the 
  separation 
  of 
  vein 
  7 
  of 
  the 
  fore- 
  

   wings, 
  that 
  they 
  are 
  not 
  derived 
  from 
  the 
  Pyralids. 
  whilst 
  the 
  absence 
  

   of 
  any 
  pectination 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  median 
  vein 
  of 
  the 
  hindwings 
  indicates 
  

   that 
  there 
  is 
  probably 
  no 
  immediate 
  connection 
  with 
  the 
  Cram 
  bids 
  or 
  

   Phycitids. 
  From 
  the 
  other 
  families 
  they 
  mostly 
  differ 
  by 
  vein 
  8 
  of 
  

   the 
  hindwings 
  not 
  anastomosing 
  with 
  7, 
  and 
  it 
  is, 
  therefore, 
  probable 
  

   that 
  they 
  do 
  not 
  originate 
  from 
  any 
  knoAvn 
  existing 
  form, 
  but 
  from 
  an 
  

   external 
  type 
  closely 
  approaching 
  the 
  ancestral 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  Pyralidina, 
  

   and 
  now 
  apparently 
  more 
  nearly 
  represented 
  by 
  the 
  Tineodidae." 
  This 
  

   criticism 
  would 
  suggest 
  that, 
  even 
  on 
  neurational 
  structure, 
  the 
  

   alliance 
  with 
  the 
  Pyralids, 
  even 
  in 
  the 
  eyes 
  of 
  its 
  supporters, 
  is 
  not 
  

   very 
  cogent. 
  

  

  Hampson's 
  suggested 
  alliance 
  (Ann. 
  Man. 
  Nat. 
  Hist.. 
  6. 
  xiv., 
  p. 
  258) 
  

   with 
  the 
  .Egeriids, 
  Orneodids, 
  and 
  Tineids 
  (sens, 
  lat.), 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  

   based 
  on 
  a 
  much 
  too 
  general 
  character 
  (apart 
  from 
  his 
  want 
  of 
  defini- 
  

   tion 
  as 
  to 
  what 
  is 
  meant 
  by 
  the 
  Tineidae). 
  He 
  diagnoses 
  this 
  rather 
  

   heterogeneous 
  group 
  thus 
  : 
  

  

  Forewing 
  witb 
  vein 
  lc 
  absent. 
  

  

  Forewing 
  with 
  vein 
  5 
  from 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  discocellulars, 
  the 
  other 
  veins 
  

   given 
  off 
  from 
  the 
  cell 
  arising 
  at 
  nearly 
  even 
  distances 
  on 
  each 
  side 
  with 
  it. 
  

  

  A 
  close 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  early 
  stages 
  of 
  the 
  Alucitids, 
  ^Egeriids, 
  

   Orneodids, 
  and 
  Tineids 
  (even 
  in 
  the 
  strictest 
  sense), 
  offers 
  no 
  sub- 
  

   stantiation 
  of 
  this 
  grouping, 
  on 
  the 
  contrary, 
  all 
  the 
  details 
  combine 
  

   to 
  disprove 
  the 
  suggestion 
  of 
  any 
  real 
  connection 
  between 
  them. 
  

  

  Bodine 
  points 
  out 
  (Trans. 
  Am. 
  Ent. 
  Soc, 
  xxiii., 
  p. 
  35) 
  that 
  the 
  

   antenna? 
  of 
  the 
  Alucitids 
  (Pterophorids) 
  and 
  Orneodids 
  show 
  a 
  wide 
  

   difference 
  in 
  their 
  structure, 
  and 
  adds 
  : 
  " 
  Those 
  of 
  the 
  former 
  family 
  are 
  

   distinctly 
  of 
  the 
  Pyralid 
  type, 
  while 
  the 
  latter 
  are 
  just 
  as 
  distinctly 
  of 
  

   the 
  Tineid 
  type. 
  I 
  believe 
  a 
  further 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  characters 
  of 
  other 
  

   organs 
  will 
  prove 
  the 
  Orneodids 
  to 
  be 
  more 
  closely 
  related 
  to 
  the 
  Tineids 
  

   than 
  to 
  either 
  the 
  Pyralids 
  or 
  the 
  Tortricids. 
  The 
  surface-marking 
  

   is 
  Tineid 
  in 
  form, 
  and 
  the 
  scape 
  has 
  the 
  long 
  and 
  slightly 
  clavate 
  

   shape 
  so 
  common 
  among 
  the 
  Tineids." 
  The 
  antenna? 
  of 
  the 
  Alucitids 
  

   differ 
  from 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  Pyralids, 
  etc., 
  in 
  having 
  hairs 
  among 
  the 
  

   scales 
  (see 
  antea, 
  p. 
  118). 
  

  

  If 
  the 
  imaginal 
  characters 
  are 
  unsatisfactory 
  in 
  helping 
  to 
  

   determine 
  the 
  phylogeny 
  of 
  the 
  superfamily, 
  the 
  pupal 
  characters 
  

   (already 
  discussed 
  antea, 
  pp. 
  108 
  et 
  seq.) 
  are 
  still 
  more 
  so, 
  and, 
  as 
  we 
  have 
  

   noted, 
  the 
  pupal 
  structure 
  is 
  so 
  peculiarly 
  sui 
  r/eneiis, 
  that 
  it 
  appears 
  to 
  

   be 
  closely 
  allied 
  to 
  no 
  others, 
  whilst 
  its 
  general 
  structure, 
  with 
  four 
  

   free 
  segments 
  in 
  the 
  3 
  , 
  and 
  3 
  in 
  the 
  ? 
  , 
  is 
  such 
  that 
  its 
  allies 
  must 
  

  

  