﻿148 
  BRITISH 
  LEPIDOPTERA. 
  

  

  where 
  it 
  looks 
  as 
  if, 
  when 
  the 
  segment 
  was 
  doughy, 
  a 
  finger 
  (size 
  of 
  

   spiracle) 
  had 
  been 
  used 
  to 
  give 
  a 
  backward 
  drag. 
  The 
  3rd 
  abdominal 
  

   is 
  much 
  like 
  the 
  2nd 
  as 
  regards 
  the 
  trapezoidals 
  (i 
  and 
  ii) 
  and 
  iii 
  ; 
  the 
  

   spiracle 
  has 
  just 
  escaped 
  the 
  wrinkling 
  against 
  the 
  wing, 
  and 
  further 
  back 
  

   there 
  is 
  a 
  hair 
  close 
  to 
  edge 
  of 
  wing, 
  and, 
  therefore, 
  below 
  and 
  behind 
  

   spiracle 
  ; 
  the 
  wing 
  ends 
  here 
  in 
  a 
  very 
  slender 
  transversely 
  wrinkled 
  tag. 
  

   The 
  4th 
  abdominal 
  has 
  i, 
  ii 
  and 
  iii 
  as 
  before, 
  there 
  is 
  the 
  finger-mark 
  behind 
  

   (and 
  a 
  little 
  below) 
  spiracle, 
  whilst 
  above 
  this 
  is 
  a 
  specially 
  smooth 
  

   patch 
  of 
  similar 
  size 
  ; 
  the 
  rest 
  of 
  the 
  dorsum 
  at 
  this 
  level 
  has, 
  as 
  has 
  

   also 
  the 
  3rd, 
  5th 
  and 
  6th, 
  to 
  about 
  the 
  same 
  degree 
  and 
  others 
  less, 
  

   fine 
  transverse 
  ridges 
  widening 
  here 
  and 
  there 
  into 
  minute 
  pits 
  or 
  

   lacunae 
  (about 
  size 
  of 
  spiracle) 
  ; 
  at 
  some 
  distance 
  below 
  the 
  spiracle 
  are 
  

   two 
  hairs 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  level, 
  and 
  one 
  in 
  front 
  and 
  one 
  behind 
  spiracle, 
  

   so 
  as 
  to 
  form 
  with 
  it 
  an 
  equilateral 
  triangle 
  ; 
  some 
  distance 
  below 
  the 
  

   posterior 
  of 
  these 
  is 
  a 
  hair, 
  and 
  again, 
  nearly 
  as 
  much 
  further, 
  another 
  

   hair 
  followed 
  by 
  the 
  scar 
  of 
  proleg, 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  two 
  more 
  

   hairs 
  (the 
  upper 
  one 
  anterior), 
  these 
  two 
  nearly 
  (but 
  hardly) 
  fall 
  into 
  a 
  

   group 
  with 
  the 
  preceding 
  one. 
  The 
  5th 
  and 
  6th 
  segments 
  are 
  not 
  

   quite 
  so 
  wide, 
  but 
  are 
  nearly 
  identical 
  with 
  the 
  4th. 
  The 
  7th 
  is 
  a 
  good 
  

   deal 
  narrower, 
  i, 
  ii, 
  iii 
  the 
  same, 
  and 
  of 
  iv 
  and 
  v, 
  the 
  anterior 
  (v) 
  is 
  the 
  

   lower 
  (begins 
  to 
  be 
  so 
  a 
  little 
  on 
  the 
  5th) 
  ; 
  the 
  tubercle 
  at 
  proleg 
  (vii) 
  is 
  

   represented 
  by 
  two 
  hairs, 
  the 
  posterior 
  the 
  lower. 
  The 
  8th 
  abdominal 
  is 
  

   much 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  the 
  7th, 
  the 
  trapezoidals 
  are 
  quite 
  square, 
  but 
  the 
  

   lower 
  (proleg) 
  set 
  of 
  tubercles 
  is 
  wanting 
  and 
  replaced 
  by 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  

   the 
  cremastral 
  hooks. 
  On 
  the 
  9th 
  abdominal 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  very 
  definite 
  

   prominence 
  or 
  horn, 
  carrying 
  two 
  hairs, 
  and 
  outside 
  this 
  another 
  hair 
  

   (iii 
  ?). 
  The 
  10th 
  abdominal 
  is 
  not 
  very 
  clearly 
  marked 
  off 
  from 
  the 
  9th, 
  

   and 
  has 
  no 
  hairs 
  except 
  the 
  very 
  abundant 
  cremastral 
  hairs. 
  There 
  

   is 
  a 
  slight 
  hiatus 
  between 
  the 
  maxillae 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  base, 
  and 
  whether 
  

   the 
  labial 
  palpi 
  can 
  be 
  said 
  to 
  be 
  visible 
  here 
  or 
  not 
  depends 
  

   somewhat 
  on 
  the 
  imagination, 
  also 
  as 
  to 
  whether 
  anything 
  and 
  what 
  

   occurs 
  between 
  the 
  maxillae 
  and 
  the 
  first 
  legs, 
  where 
  (in 
  Sphinges 
  and 
  

   other 
  pupae) 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  femur 
  are 
  sometimes 
  visible 
  (Chapman, 
  

   May 
  1904). 
  At 
  first 
  bright 
  apple-green 
  in 
  colour, 
  gradually 
  (in 
  the 
  course 
  

   of 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  days) 
  turning 
  to 
  a 
  dull 
  leaden-green 
  hue, 
  grey-green 
  on 
  

   the 
  dorsal 
  area, 
  leaden-green 
  on 
  the 
  leg- 
  and 
  wing-cases. 
  The 
  pupa 
  is 
  

   very 
  long 
  and 
  slender, 
  14mm. 
  in 
  length, 
  of 
  even 
  thickness 
  on 
  abdomi- 
  

   nal 
  segments, 
  save 
  for 
  the 
  anal 
  tapering, 
  which 
  commences 
  at 
  about 
  

   the 
  8th 
  abdominal 
  segment, 
  about 
  l-6mm. 
  in 
  diameter, 
  but 
  rather 
  

   deeper 
  and 
  wider 
  at 
  the 
  mesothorax, 
  where, 
  dorsally, 
  this 
  segment 
  

   runs 
  up 
  into 
  a 
  pyramidal 
  hump 
  at 
  its 
  posterior 
  end, 
  the 
  greatest 
  width 
  

   of 
  the 
  pupa 
  being 
  just 
  at 
  the 
  junction 
  of 
  the 
  forewings. 
  It 
  tapers 
  

   rapidly 
  and 
  sharply 
  from 
  mesothorax 
  to 
  head, 
  which 
  ends 
  in 
  a 
  sharp 
  

   beak 
  or 
  nose-horn. 
  The 
  spiracles 
  are 
  yellow, 
  raised 
  and 
  prominent, 
  

   especially 
  those 
  on 
  the 
  2nd 
  abdominal, 
  which 
  show 
  up 
  very 
  clearly 
  

   just 
  against 
  the 
  margin 
  of 
  the 
  wings 
  ; 
  the 
  wing-cases 
  of 
  the 
  primaries 
  

   extend 
  to 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  3rd 
  abdominal 
  segment, 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  secondaries 
  

   to 
  spiracle 
  on 
  the 
  2nd 
  abdominal 
  segment. 
  The 
  antenna-cases 
  extend 
  

   just 
  on 
  the 
  4th 
  abdominal 
  segment, 
  one 
  pair 
  of 
  leg-cases 
  extends 
  to 
  the 
  

   end 
  of 
  the 
  4th, 
  while 
  the 
  other 
  two 
  pairs 
  extend 
  uncemented 
  to 
  the 
  

   end 
  of 
  the 
  7th, 
  abdominal 
  segment, 
  one 
  pair 
  (presumably 
  the 
  3rd) 
  

   being 
  immediately 
  beneath 
  the 
  other 
  pair 
  (presumably 
  the 
  2nd). 
  The 
  

   anal 
  armature 
  consists 
  of 
  a 
  row 
  or 
  fringe 
  of 
  fine 
  semi-transparent 
  bristles,. 
  

  

  