﻿FREDERICINA 
  CALODACTYLA. 
  163 
  

  

  lineations 
  ; 
  two 
  small 
  black 
  points 
  on 
  fche 
  inner 
  margin, 
  one 
  about 
  two- 
  

   thirds 
  from 
  base, 
  and 
  one 
  midway 
  between 
  this 
  and 
  anal 
  angle 
  (latter 
  looks 
  

   like 
  a 
  continuation 
  of 
  base 
  of 
  costal 
  triangular 
  blotch 
  in 
  crescent 
  form) 
  ; 
  a 
  

   pale 
  crescent 
  of 
  ground 
  colour, 
  separating 
  base 
  of 
  triangular 
  blotch 
  from 
  

   a 
  dark 
  transverse 
  band 
  extending 
  from 
  costa 
  across 
  both 
  lobes 
  to 
  inner 
  

   margin 
  (this 
  band 
  varies 
  much 
  in 
  width 
  and 
  appearance) 
  , 
  and 
  sometimes 
  

   contains 
  quite 
  a 
  black 
  line 
  on 
  the 
  costa 
  ; 
  a 
  pale 
  transverse 
  line 
  of 
  ground 
  

   colour 
  crosses 
  both 
  lobes 
  nearer 
  hind 
  margin 
  than 
  end 
  of 
  fissure 
  ; 
  fringes 
  

   white, 
  except 
  at 
  anal 
  angle 
  where 
  is 
  a 
  dark 
  grey 
  patch. 
  Posterior 
  wings 
  

   reddish-grey, 
  with 
  a 
  very 
  mottled 
  appearance 
  ; 
  the 
  costal 
  edges 
  of 
  

   plumules 
  pale 
  shiny-grey 
  ; 
  the 
  apex 
  of 
  1st 
  plumule 
  dark 
  ; 
  the 
  fringes 
  

   long 
  and 
  pale 
  grey, 
  those 
  of 
  1st 
  plumule 
  edged 
  internally 
  with 
  dark, 
  as 
  

   in 
  the 
  lobes 
  of 
  the 
  forewing 
  ; 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  hindmargin 
  of 
  the 
  3rd 
  plumule 
  

   mixed 
  with 
  black 
  scales 
  from 
  base 
  to 
  nearly 
  half-way 
  to 
  apex, 
  where 
  

   they 
  become 
  segregated 
  into 
  a 
  conspicuous 
  extended 
  bunch 
  (very 
  

   inconspicuous 
  in 
  worn 
  examples). 
  

  

  Variation.— 
  The 
  species 
  varies 
  considerably 
  in 
  colour, 
  size, 
  and 
  

   markings. 
  In 
  some 
  examples 
  the 
  prevailing 
  colour 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  

   reddish-brown, 
  the 
  costa, 
  inner 
  margin, 
  triangular 
  costal 
  blotch, 
  and 
  

   transverse 
  lobal 
  bands 
  being 
  of 
  this 
  colour, 
  the 
  pale 
  tint 
  being 
  

   confined 
  to 
  a 
  longitudinal 
  section 
  of 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  wing, 
  the 
  pale 
  

   lunule 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  triangle 
  (and 
  its 
  weaker 
  continuation) 
  and 
  the 
  

   narrow 
  transverse 
  lobal 
  line 
  ; 
  in 
  others 
  the 
  pallid 
  colour 
  is 
  predomi- 
  

   nant 
  and 
  the 
  reddish- 
  brown 
  areas 
  ill-developed 
  ; 
  in 
  others 
  again 
  the 
  

   base 
  of 
  the 
  triangular 
  patch 
  is 
  extended 
  to, 
  and 
  connected 
  with, 
  the 
  

   lower 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  dark 
  lobal 
  band. 
  In 
  tint, 
  too, 
  the 
  pale 
  areas 
  have 
  

   in 
  some 
  specimens 
  a 
  much 
  greyer, 
  in 
  others 
  a 
  more 
  ochreous, 
  hue. 
  

   [The 
  above 
  notes 
  were 
  made 
  from 
  the 
  examples 
  in 
  the 
  Frey 
  collection.] 
  

   Our 
  British 
  examples 
  vary 
  considerably, 
  and, 
  on 
  the 
  whole, 
  are 
  slightly 
  

   smaller 
  and 
  darker 
  than 
  those 
  represented 
  in 
  the 
  Frey 
  collection 
  ; 
  they 
  are 
  

   particularly 
  wanting 
  in 
  the 
  marked 
  mottled 
  appearance, 
  and 
  the 
  dark 
  

   markings 
  are 
  considerably 
  more 
  intense 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  continental 
  speci- 
  

   mens 
  examined; 
  in 
  this 
  respect, 
  they 
  are 
  much 
  nearer 
  Hiibner's 
  figure 
  

   although 
  the 
  ochreous 
  band 
  at 
  fissure 
  and 
  pale 
  wedge-shaped 
  mark 
  below 
  

   the 
  costal 
  triangle 
  are 
  never 
  yellow 
  as 
  in 
  that 
  ; 
  the 
  deeper 
  ground 
  

   colour, 
  more 
  intense 
  lobal 
  bands, 
  costal 
  triangle, 
  and 
  inner 
  marginal 
  

   lineolse, 
  darker 
  fringes, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  much 
  darker 
  hindwings, 
  are 
  very 
  

   characteristic. 
  One 
  remarkable 
  specimen 
  in 
  our 
  collection, 
  however, 
  taken 
  

   by 
  South 
  in 
  Devonshire, 
  is 
  exceedingly 
  pale, 
  almost 
  of 
  a 
  whitish 
  colour. 
  

   The 
  species 
  varies 
  in 
  size 
  in 
  England, 
  for 
  South 
  notes 
  a 
  specimen 
  

   captured 
  in 
  North 
  Devon 
  (and 
  figured 
  Entom., 
  xiv., 
  pi. 
  1, 
  fig. 
  19, 
  

   under 
  the 
  name 
  of 
  nemoralis) 
  that 
  he 
  says 
  measured 
  rather 
  over 
  14 
  

   lines 
  (rather 
  over 
  29mm.) 
  in 
  expanse. 
  Some 
  from 
  Devonshire 
  and 
  

   Kent 
  average 
  about 
  20mm. 
  -23mm., 
  the 
  largest 
  being 
  only 
  23*2mm. 
  

   Zeller, 
  however, 
  was 
  the 
  first 
  to 
  notice 
  this 
  large 
  aberration 
  (lsis 
  t 
  1841, 
  

   p. 
  977). 
  The 
  forms 
  that 
  have 
  come 
  under 
  our 
  notice 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  as 
  

   follows 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  1. 
  Ground 
  colour 
  whitish 
  (almost 
  white) 
  ; 
  the 
  costal 
  triangle, 
  and 
  lineolee 
  00 
  

   inner 
  margin 
  the 
  only 
  darker 
  (brown) 
  markings, 
  fche 
  lobal 
  bands 
  and 
  normally 
  

   darker 
  markings 
  faintly 
  marked 
  in 
  ochreous 
  =ab, 
  pallida, 
  n. 
  ab. 
  

  

  2. 
  Ground 
  colour 
  ochreous, 
  the 
  costal 
  triangle, 
  costa, 
  lineolsa 
  on 
  Inner 
  margin, 
  

   and 
  transverse 
  lobal 
  bands 
  reddish-brown 
  = 
  var. 
  (et. 
  ab.) 
  zetterstedtii, 
  Zell. 
  

  

  3. 
  Ground 
  colour 
  ochreous, 
  suffused 
  with 
  brown 
  scales, 
  the 
  costal 
  triangle. 
  

   costal 
  margin, 
  lineolse 
  of 
  inner 
  margin, 
  and 
  particularly 
  the 
  lobal 
  bands 
  of 
  a 
  drop 
  

  

  