﻿166 
  BRITISH 
  LEPIDOPTERA. 
  

  

  marked 
  distinctly 
  only 
  on 
  its 
  outer 
  edge 
  by 
  a 
  broad 
  whitish 
  transverse 
  fascia 
  ; 
  both 
  

   lobes 
  are 
  brown-clouded 
  ; 
  the 
  cloud 
  is 
  interrupted 
  by 
  the 
  transverse 
  fascia 
  and 
  the 
  

   pale 
  line 
  which 
  runs 
  before 
  the 
  outer 
  margin, 
  it 
  is 
  distinct 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  lobe 
  and 
  is 
  

   there 
  posteriorly 
  bordered 
  by 
  a 
  blackish 
  line 
  ; 
  before 
  this, 
  in 
  about 
  the 
  centre 
  of 
  

   the 
  upper 
  lobe, 
  lies 
  an 
  indistinct 
  brown 
  triangle 
  produced 
  towards 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  

   the 
  wing. 
  The 
  pale 
  line 
  ot 
  the 
  lower 
  lobe 
  dies 
  out 
  towards 
  the 
  inner 
  margin. 
  

   Costal 
  fringes 
  before 
  the 
  pale 
  line 
  across 
  the 
  lobe 
  scaled 
  with 
  darkisk 
  black, 
  

   outer 
  marginal 
  fringes 
  blackish-brown 
  at 
  the 
  base, 
  the 
  outer 
  half 
  white 
  ; 
  the 
  inner 
  

   marginal 
  fringe 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  lobe 
  white, 
  twice 
  spotted 
  with 
  brown, 
  broadly 
  

   brown 
  at 
  the 
  anal 
  angle. 
  The 
  hindwings 
  brown, 
  darker 
  than 
  in 
  zetterstedtii, 
  

   especially 
  the 
  third 
  plumule, 
  which 
  has 
  the 
  scale 
  tuft 
  always 
  larger 
  and, 
  therefore, 
  

   more 
  noticeable. 
  Underside 
  much 
  darker 
  than 
  in 
  zetterstedtii, 
  grey-brown, 
  the 
  

   first 
  segment 
  of 
  the 
  hindwings 
  with 
  a 
  sharper 
  lighter 
  diagonal 
  line, 
  the 
  abdomen 
  

   above 
  blackish-brown. 
  From 
  Breslau. 
  According 
  to 
  Herr 
  Gotschmann, 
  from 
  

   whom 
  I 
  received 
  them, 
  this 
  is 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  zetterstedtii 
  which 
  flies 
  among 
  Doronieum 
  

   austriacum 
  (Fuchs). 
  

  

  One 
  cannot 
  certainly 
  gather 
  from 
  Fuchs' 
  account 
  whether 
  this 
  be 
  only 
  

   an 
  aberration 
  or 
  local 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  insect, 
  possibly 
  only 
  the 
  former. 
  It 
  is 
  

   possibly 
  to 
  this 
  that 
  Zeller's 
  var. 
  b, 
  described 
  as 
  "solito 
  major," 
  belongs, 
  

   also 
  South's 
  large 
  aberration 
  captured 
  in 
  1881 
  near 
  Lynmouth. 
  Still 
  

   Fuchs' 
  wing-measurement, 
  22mm. 
  -24mm., 
  with 
  say 
  1mm. 
  for 
  width 
  of 
  

   thorax, 
  makes 
  this 
  little 
  larger 
  than 
  the 
  specimens 
  in 
  the 
  Frey 
  collection 
  

   from 
  Silesia, 
  etc., 
  and 
  which 
  belongs 
  to 
  the 
  form 
  zetterstedtii, 
  as 
  com- 
  

   pared 
  with 
  our 
  smaller 
  British 
  examples 
  from 
  19mm. 
  -22mm., 
  for 
  the 
  

   darker 
  (if 
  not 
  all) 
  of 
  which 
  we 
  are 
  inclined 
  to 
  keep 
  South's 
  name 
  

   taenia 
  da 
  cty 
  Iks, 
  his 
  type 
  being 
  evidently 
  neither 
  the 
  palest 
  nor 
  quite 
  

   one 
  of 
  the 
  darkest 
  of 
  our 
  British 
  race. 
  Still, 
  Eebel 
  notes 
  that 
  "a 
  $ 
  

   sent 
  by 
  Drenowski 
  taken 
  on 
  the 
  Vita, 
  belongs 
  to 
  this 
  quite 
  recently 
  

   described 
  form 
  , 
  which 
  differs 
  very 
  strikingly 
  from 
  the 
  type 
  in 
  its 
  larger 
  

   size, 
  deeper 
  colour 
  and 
  stronger 
  tooth 
  of 
  scales 
  on 
  the 
  inner 
  margin 
  of 
  

   the 
  hindwings." 
  Bebel 
  adds 
  that 
  he 
  has 
  "also 
  taken 
  this 
  form 
  in 
  

   the 
  Wienerwald 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  Hocbschwab 
  district. 
  Specimens 
  have 
  

   also 
  been 
  described 
  from 
  Breslau." 
  We 
  note 
  that, 
  although 
  Fuchs' 
  

   specimens 
  have 
  the 
  rather 
  darker 
  general 
  tint, 
  and 
  deeper 
  coloured 
  

   lobes 
  of 
  South's 
  taeniadactylus, 
  these 
  features 
  aro 
  coupled 
  w 
  T 
  ith 
  a 
  larger 
  

   size, 
  not 
  so 
  great 
  as 
  that 
  of 
  South's 
  nemoralis, 
  which 
  is 
  otherwise 
  paler 
  

   in 
  tint. 
  For 
  the 
  present 
  we 
  conclude 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  best 
  to 
  keep 
  the 
  name. 
  

  

  Comparison 
  of 
  Fredericina 
  calodactyla 
  and 
  F. 
  nemoralis. 
  — 
  Zeller 
  

   says 
  (Linn. 
  Ent., 
  vi., 
  pp. 
  333-5) 
  that 
  the 
  life-histories 
  show 
  these 
  to 
  be 
  

   separate 
  species, 
  although 
  in 
  the 
  imagines 
  it 
  is 
  difficult 
  to 
  find 
  marked 
  

   differences 
  to 
  separate 
  them. 
  The 
  yellowish 
  transverse 
  line 
  on 
  the 
  

   underside 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  plumule 
  of 
  the 
  hindwdngs, 
  always 
  present 
  in 
  

   F. 
  calodactyla, 
  is 
  said 
  to 
  be 
  always 
  absent 
  in 
  F. 
  nemoralis, 
  but 
  as 
  the 
  

   line 
  is 
  so 
  variable 
  in 
  Platyptilia 
  gonodactyla 
  one 
  doubts 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  

   here 
  sufficiently 
  constant 
  to 
  differentiate 
  the 
  species. 
  On 
  the 
  whole, 
  

   nemoralis 
  is 
  a 
  much 
  larger 
  insect 
  than 
  calodactyla, 
  although 
  occasional 
  

   specimens 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  approach 
  it 
  in 
  size. 
  Hofmann 
  observes 
  (Die 
  

   deutsch. 
  Pteroph., 
  p. 
  46) 
  that, 
  in 
  F. 
  nemoralis, 
  the 
  costal 
  triangle 
  is 
  

   usually 
  cut 
  ofi 
  straight 
  below, 
  and 
  leaves 
  the 
  lowest 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  black 
  

   streak 
  at 
  the 
  fissure 
  free 
  ; 
  in 
  F. 
  calodactyla 
  this 
  is 
  not 
  so, 
  or, 
  at 
  least, 
  it 
  

   is 
  less 
  clearly 
  defined. 
  The 
  black 
  scales 
  on 
  the 
  3rd 
  plumule 
  of 
  the 
  

   hindwings, 
  also, 
  always 
  forms 
  a 
  much 
  longer 
  and 
  thicker 
  tuft 
  than 
  in 
  

   F. 
  calodactyla. 
  

  

  Comparison 
  between 
  Fredericina 
  calodactyla 
  and 
  Platyptilia 
  

   gonodactyla. 
  — 
  The 
  former 
  is 
  more 
  ochreous 
  and 
  has 
  a 
  redder 
  tone, 
  

   much 
  less 
  grey, 
  distinctly 
  more 
  marbled 
  and 
  hence 
  is 
  a 
  much 
  brighter, 
  

  

  