﻿168 
  

  

  BRITISH 
  LEPIDOPTERA. 
  

  

  root-stock 
  at 
  the 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  lowest 
  leaf, 
  so 
  that 
  a 
  mere 
  film 
  below 
  the 
  

   larva 
  remained 
  to 
  hold 
  the 
  leaves 
  together, 
  the 
  larva 
  had 
  apparently 
  

   eaten 
  the 
  central 
  young 
  leaves 
  and 
  bud, 
  and 
  as 
  it 
  changed 
  to 
  pupa 
  not 
  

   many 
  hours 
  after 
  I 
  found 
  it, 
  I 
  imagine 
  it 
  used 
  the 
  space 
  it 
  had 
  so 
  

   cleared 
  as 
  a 
  puparium, 
  but 
  I 
  discovered 
  no 
  trace 
  of 
  silken 
  cocoon 
  or 
  

   other 
  means 
  of 
  attachment. 
  The 
  character 
  of 
  this 
  pupa 
  that 
  is 
  most 
  

   marked 
  in 
  contrast 
  with 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  other 
  Platyptilias, 
  is 
  the 
  delicacy 
  

   and 
  transparency 
  of 
  the 
  pupal 
  shell, 
  and 
  the 
  netted 
  pattern 
  extending 
  

   over 
  so 
  much 
  of 
  the 
  pupa 
  and 
  over 
  the 
  transverse 
  ridges 
  (Chapman). 
  

  

  Larva. 
  — 
  First 
  instar 
  (newly-hatched) 
  : 
  About 
  lmm.-l*5mm. 
  in 
  

   length 
  according 
  to 
  extension. 
  Head 
  black 
  ; 
  the 
  remainder 
  white 
  or 
  

   rather 
  colourless 
  and 
  very 
  difficult 
  to 
  make 
  out 
  owing 
  to 
  its 
  trans- 
  

   parency. 
  The 
  black 
  head 
  is 
  -27mm. 
  across, 
  and 
  has 
  various 
  pale 
  hairs 
  

   in 
  definite 
  positions. 
  The 
  longest, 
  0-09mm. 
  long, 
  is 
  in 
  front, 
  just 
  

   above 
  the 
  antennae, 
  then 
  several 
  higher 
  up 
  and 
  more 
  laterally, 
  a 
  very 
  

   small 
  hair 
  (0-02mm.) 
  in 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  either 
  side 
  (seen 
  from 
  the 
  front), 
  

   a 
  similar 
  hair 
  on 
  each 
  side 
  just 
  above 
  the 
  clypeus, 
  and 
  another 
  one 
  at 
  

   each 
  angle 
  close 
  to 
  lower 
  end 
  of 
  clypeus. 
  The 
  clypeus 
  itself 
  has 
  a 
  

   small 
  pair 
  nearly 
  central, 
  a 
  pair 
  above 
  and 
  further 
  out 
  (about 
  

   O'CMmm. 
  long), 
  and 
  a 
  pair 
  just 
  above 
  thelabrum. 
  The 
  jaws, 
  O08mm. 
  

   long 
  and 
  O'OSmm. 
  wide 
  (seen 
  from 
  front), 
  are 
  brown 
  with 
  4 
  teeth 
  and 
  

   rounded 
  edge 
  internal 
  to 
  them. 
  The 
  prothorax 
  has 
  a 
  faintly 
  tinted 
  

   thoracic 
  plate, 
  on 
  which 
  only 
  4 
  hairs 
  can 
  be 
  made 
  out 
  on 
  either 
  side, 
  

   apparently 
  the 
  1st 
  and 
  3rd 
  of 
  the 
  front 
  row 
  and 
  the 
  2nd 
  and 
  3rd 
  of 
  the 
  

   posterior 
  row, 
  of 
  the 
  two 
  normal 
  rows 
  of 
  three 
  each. 
  Of 
  these 
  the 
  1st 
  

   of 
  front 
  row 
  is 
  0'025mm. 
  long, 
  the 
  3rd 
  045mm., 
  of 
  the 
  posterior 
  no. 
  2 
  

   is 
  0-llmm. 
  and 
  no. 
  3 
  is 
  003mm. 
  long. 
  The 
  spiracle 
  is 
  large 
  and 
  on 
  a 
  

   rounded, 
  but 
  somewhat 
  conical, 
  boss. 
  There 
  is 
  a 
  long 
  hair, 
  0'16mm., 
  in 
  

   front 
  of 
  it, 
  and 
  this 
  is 
  apparently 
  accompanied 
  by 
  one 
  or 
  two 
  quite 
  

   short 
  ones. 
  On 
  the 
  meso- 
  and 
  metathorax* 
  there 
  are 
  the 
  usual 
  four 
  

   pairs 
  of 
  hairs 
  on 
  either 
  side, 
  except 
  that 
  instead 
  of 
  the 
  third 
  pair, 
  is 
  a 
  

   single 
  hair, 
  as 
  is 
  common 
  in 
  first 
  instar. 
  The 
  two 
  hairs 
  of 
  each 
  pair 
  are 
  

   closer 
  together 
  than 
  to 
  the 
  next 
  pair, 
  but 
  are 
  still 
  a 
  little 
  way 
  apart. 
  It 
  

   is 
  not 
  possible 
  with 
  their 
  great 
  translucency 
  to 
  say 
  positively 
  whether 
  

   they 
  have 
  or 
  have 
  not 
  a 
  common 
  chitinous 
  base, 
  but 
  they 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  

   separate. 
  Their 
  lengths 
  are, 
  1st, 
  0*025mm.; 
  2nd, 
  0-18mm.; 
  3rd, 
  

   0-02omm.; 
  4th, 
  0-06mm.; 
  5th 
  (the 
  single 
  one), 
  0-17mm. 
  On 
  the 
  

   abdominal 
  segments 
  the 
  hairs 
  are 
  normally 
  disposed, 
  those 
  on 
  i 
  and 
  ii 
  well 
  

   apart 
  and 
  trapezoidal, 
  iii 
  just 
  above 
  and 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  spiracle, 
  iv 
  below 
  it, 
  

   v 
  well 
  above 
  and 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  iv, 
  and 
  apparently 
  on 
  a 
  separate 
  base. 
  

  

  * 
  The 
  tubercles 
  on 
  the 
  meso- 
  and 
  metathorax 
  of 
  plume 
  larva? 
  are 
  primarily 
  

   eight 
  on 
  either 
  side, 
  arranged 
  usually 
  in 
  four 
  pairs, 
  at 
  fairly 
  equal 
  distances 
  apart, 
  

   the 
  first 
  pair 
  near 
  the 
  dorsum, 
  the 
  fourth 
  close 
  above 
  the 
  legs. 
  Each 
  individual 
  

   hair 
  (arising 
  from 
  tubercles) 
  may 
  be 
  separate 
  from 
  the 
  others, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  usual 
  for 
  

   each 
  pair 
  to 
  be 
  together 
  on 
  a 
  common 
  plate, 
  and 
  in 
  those 
  species 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  

   tubercles 
  become 
  warts, 
  they 
  form 
  four 
  warts, 
  and 
  the 
  pair 
  of 
  tubercles 
  wbich 
  each 
  

   wart 
  represents 
  are 
  often 
  indistinguishable. 
  There 
  is 
  also, 
  usually, 
  another 
  

   tubercle 
  (hair), 
  behind 
  the 
  third 
  pair, 
  and 
  in 
  those 
  larvae 
  with 
  warts 
  another 
  also 
  

   behind 
  first 
  pair. 
  The 
  two 
  hairs 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  pair 
  are 
  usually 
  arranged 
  with 
  the 
  

   inner 
  one 
  most 
  in 
  front 
  (trapezoidal), 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  pair 
  the 
  lower 
  is 
  generally 
  to 
  

   the 
  front 
  (reversed 
  trapezoidal), 
  the 
  third 
  pair 
  are 
  one 
  above 
  the 
  other, 
  and 
  the 
  

   fourth 
  one 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  other, 
  to 
  name 
  these 
  i, 
  ii, 
  iii, 
  iv, 
  etc., 
  is 
  to 
  assume 
  that 
  

   they 
  are 
  homologous 
  according 
  to 
  these 
  numbers, 
  with 
  those 
  on 
  the 
  abdomen. 
  It 
  

   may 
  be 
  so, 
  but 
  to 
  my 
  mind 
  the 
  evidence 
  is 
  much 
  stronger 
  that 
  they 
  are 
  not 
  so 
  

   (Chapman). 
  

  

  