﻿FREDERICINA 
  TESSERADACTYLA. 
  181 
  

  

  evening, 
  in 
  numbers, 
  over 
  a 
  dry 
  woodland 
  meadow 
  in 
  the 
  Kaufunger 
  

   Stiftswald, 
  near 
  Cassel, 
  where 
  much 
  Gnaphalium 
  dioicum 
  grows. 
  

  

  Habitat. 
  — 
  En 
  Britain, 
  the 
  species 
  has 
  as 
  yet 
  only 
  been 
  discovered 
  in 
  

   the 
  counties 
  of 
  Clare 
  and 
  Galway, 
  where 
  it 
  prefers 
  the 
  stony 
  pasturages, 
  

   although 
  its 
  chief 
  haunt 
  at 
  Ardrahan 
  is 
  in 
  a 
  clearing 
  in 
  a 
  plantation 
  

   where 
  Antennaria 
  (Gnaphalium) 
  dioica 
  grows 
  plentifully 
  (Kane), 
  also 
  

   at 
  the 
  edge 
  of 
  a 
  plantation 
  at 
  Dromoland 
  Castle 
  (O'Brien). 
  On 
  the 
  

   continent, 
  its 
  habitats 
  are 
  varied, 
  extending 
  from 
  low 
  stony 
  wastes 
  

   on 
  the 
  plains 
  to 
  high 
  up 
  the 
  mountains 
  to 
  the 
  snow-line, 
  e.g., 
  the 
  

   Biffelberg. 
  Strand 
  says 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  common 
  in 
  Arctic 
  Norway 
  — 
  Tromso, 
  

   etc. 
  — 
  wherever 
  Antennaria 
  dioica 
  grows, 
  and 
  Wocke 
  notes 
  that 
  it 
  occurs 
  

   on 
  dry 
  loamy 
  slopes 
  at 
  Altenelv, 
  in 
  Finmark, 
  among 
  G. 
  alpium. 
  Zeller 
  

   says 
  (his, 
  1841, 
  p. 
  781) 
  : 
  " 
  This 
  species 
  is 
  common 
  in 
  Bohemia 
  on 
  the 
  

   Saxony 
  boundary 
  on 
  dry 
  knolls 
  and 
  on 
  ridges 
  between 
  fields. 
  In 
  Silesia, 
  I 
  

   found, 
  in 
  mid-June, 
  numerous 
  examples 
  on 
  Probsthainer 
  Spitzberg 
  in 
  

   open 
  places 
  between 
  young 
  forest 
  and 
  fir-trees 
  ; 
  two 
  specimens 
  at 
  Reinerz 
  

   at 
  the 
  beginning 
  of 
  July 
  on 
  a 
  hill, 
  where 
  the 
  pine-trees 
  had 
  decayed 
  away 
  

   and 
  the 
  spot 
  was 
  covered 
  with 
  Aira 
  flexuosa; 
  two 
  examples 
  at 
  Glogau 
  

   in 
  a 
  hiJly, 
  woody 
  neighbourhood, 
  on 
  a 
  heath 
  between 
  birch 
  under- 
  

   wood. 
  The 
  species, 
  at 
  least 
  in 
  these 
  three 
  places, 
  is 
  not 
  common 
  and 
  

   is 
  seen 
  very 
  rarely, 
  as 
  they 
  are 
  inconspicuous 
  and 
  fly 
  only 
  at 
  sunset." 
  

   He 
  afterwards 
  noted 
  (Linn. 
  Ent., 
  vi., 
  p. 
  337) 
  that, 
  in 
  Silesia, 
  it 
  

   occurs 
  abundantly 
  in 
  the 
  mountains, 
  particularly 
  on 
  the 
  drier 
  foothills 
  

   arising 
  from 
  the 
  plains 
  ; 
  later 
  he 
  observes 
  (Stett. 
  Ent. 
  Zeit., 
  1878, 
  

   p. 
  162) 
  that, 
  in 
  the 
  Ober-Albula 
  district, 
  the 
  insect 
  is 
  not 
  rare 
  in 
  any 
  

   places 
  where 
  Gnaphalium 
  dioicum 
  grows, 
  flying 
  in 
  dry 
  thickets 
  and 
  in 
  

   open 
  spaces 
  in 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  its 
  foodplant. 
  Gartner 
  says 
  that 
  it 
  

   prefers 
  wooded 
  places 
  in 
  Moravia 
  where 
  Gnaphalium 
  dioicum 
  grows. 
  In 
  

   dry 
  woodland 
  meadows 
  near 
  Cassel 
  (Borgmann), 
  on 
  the 
  foothills 
  near 
  

   Wildungen 
  and 
  Korbach 
  (Speyer), 
  in 
  open 
  spaces 
  on 
  the 
  outskirts 
  of 
  

   deciduous 
  woods 
  on 
  hillsides, 
  and 
  also 
  in 
  the 
  wide 
  grassy 
  roads 
  on 
  the 
  

   outskirts 
  of 
  such 
  woods, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  along 
  the 
  edges 
  of 
  the 
  wood-ridings 
  

   themselves 
  in 
  Silesia 
  (Moschler). 
  Milliere 
  says 
  that 
  the 
  species 
  occurs 
  on 
  

   chalky 
  ground 
  around 
  Cannes, 
  but 
  as 
  he 
  states 
  that 
  the 
  insect 
  he 
  is 
  

   describing 
  is 
  double-brooded 
  we 
  doubt 
  whether 
  he 
  is 
  referring 
  to 
  this 
  

   species. 
  

  

  British 
  localities. 
  — 
  Only 
  known 
  at 
  present 
  from 
  the 
  west 
  coast 
  of 
  

   Ireland. 
  Clare: 
  Dromoland 
  Castle 
  (O'Brien), 
  through 
  the 
  Burrens 
  of 
  Clare 
  to 
  

   Corcumroe 
  and 
  Ballyvaughan 
  (Kane). 
  Galway: 
  Ardrahan, 
  Clonbrock 
  (Kane). 
  

  

  Distribution. 
  — 
  Probably 
  throughout 
  the 
  whole 
  northern 
  part 
  of 
  

   the 
  Palsearctic 
  region, 
  also 
  the 
  western 
  (mountain) 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Nearctic 
  

   and 
  across 
  the 
  continent 
  to 
  Massachusetts. 
  Europe 
  north 
  and 
  central 
  

   (except 
  Batavia), 
  southwest 
  France, 
  central 
  Italy. 
  Dalmatia 
  and 
  

   Hyrcania 
  (Rebel). 
  America: 
  Colorado 
  — 
  Loveland 
  (Smith 
  teste 
  Walaingham), 
  

   California 
  — 
  Scott's 
  Valley 
  (Walsingham), 
  British 
  Columbia 
  — 
  Bear 
  Lake 
  Mountains, 
  

   Kokanee 
  Mountains 
  near 
  Kaslo 
  (Dyar), 
  Massachusetts 
  (Fernald). 
  Arsruo- 
  

   Hungary 
  : 
  Bohemia 
  (Fischer 
  v. 
  lloslerstamm), 
  Moravia 
  — 
  Brimn 
  (Gartner), 
  Lower 
  

   Austria 
  — 
  Herstein, 
  in 
  the 
  foothills 
  (Bogenhofer), 
  Ma-uer. 
  Mddling, 
  Gahns 
  (Mann), 
  

   Vienna 
  district 
  (Mann 
  teste 
  Fischer 
  v. 
  lloslerstamm), 
  Tyrol— 
  near 
  Bo/on. 
  Trient, 
  the 
  

   Dolomite 
  region 
  (Mann), 
  Taulers, 
  Franzenshohe 
  (Heller), 
  Dalmatia, 
  Croatia— 
  

   Josefsthal 
  (Alarm), 
  Budapest 
  dist. 
  — 
  Nagyag(Aigner). 
  Finland 
  : 
  up 
  to 
  (Jleaborg 
  (Teng« 
  

   strum), 
  Tyskland(Wallengren). 
  Belgium 
  (Lam 
  billion). 
  [Francs: 
  Var 
  Cannes 
  dist. 
  

   (Milliere), 
  Auvergne 
  — 
  Mont 
  Dors' 
  (Sand)J. 
  Germans 
  : 
  widely 
  distributed 
  in 
  north 
  

   and 
  south 
  Germany 
  (Hofmann). 
  Prussia 
  — 
  near 
  Dammhoi 
  (Speisex 
  teste 
  Sauter), 
  

   Bomerania 
  — 
  near 
  Tan 
  tow 
  (Biittner), 
  Hesse 
  — 
  Wiesbaden 
  near 
  the 
  Chausseehans 
  

   (Vigelius), 
  above 
  the 
  Faisanderie 
  (Bossier), 
  near 
  Cassel 
  (Borgmann), 
  Waldeok 
  — 
  near 
  

  

  