﻿188 
  

  

  BRITISH 
  LEPIDOPTERA. 
  

  

  aquations, 
  passed 
  on 
  to 
  roe 
  by 
  Dr. 
  Chapman, 
  some 
  few 
  days 
  since, 
  was 
  

   noted 
  as 
  having 
  remained 
  wonderfully 
  fresh, 
  and, 
  until 
  a 
  few 
  days 
  ago, 
  

   when 
  it 
  quite 
  suddenly 
  began 
  to 
  look 
  very 
  sickly, 
  showed 
  remarkably 
  few 
  

   signs 
  of 
  the 
  ravages 
  of 
  the 
  larvae 
  within. 
  Examination 
  showed 
  that 
  the 
  

   larvae 
  are 
  from 
  -3 
  in. 
  to 
  • 
  5 
  in. 
  in 
  length, 
  and 
  are 
  making 
  rapid 
  progress. 
  

   At 
  least 
  twelve 
  have 
  been 
  already 
  moved 
  to 
  other 
  plants, 
  and 
  there 
  

   appear 
  to 
  be 
  still 
  some 
  left 
  burrowing 
  in 
  the 
  lower 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  stem. 
  

   One 
  of 
  these 
  left 
  the 
  burrow 
  on 
  the 
  evening 
  of 
  the 
  11th, 
  and, 
  climbing 
  

   to 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  plant, 
  was 
  observed 
  feeding 
  on 
  a 
  flower-bud, 
  but 
  the 
  

   habit 
  was 
  not 
  again 
  noticed 
  as 
  occurring 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  any 
  other 
  

   larva. 
  Larva? 
  will 
  certainly 
  move 
  from 
  one 
  plant 
  to 
  another 
  if 
  their 
  

   leaves 
  are 
  allowed 
  to 
  touch 
  (Bacot). 
  The 
  larva? 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  brood 
  

   feed 
  throughout 
  July 
  and 
  early 
  August, 
  the 
  young 
  larva? 
  mining 
  at 
  

   first 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  smaller 
  shoots 
  of 
  Senecio 
  aquaticus 
  near 
  the 
  buds 
  ; 
  

   afterwards 
  the 
  larva 
  crawls 
  further 
  down 
  entering 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  larger 
  

   branches 
  at 
  the 
  axil 
  of 
  a 
  leaf, 
  frequently 
  devouring 
  the 
  tender 
  side 
  

   shoot 
  ; 
  it 
  then 
  bores 
  down 
  the 
  interior, 
  feeding 
  on 
  the 
  pith 
  till 
  nearly 
  

   full 
  grown, 
  when 
  it 
  again 
  deserts 
  its 
  burrow, 
  and 
  proceeds 
  to 
  the 
  thick 
  

   main 
  stem 
  of 
  the 
  plant, 
  which 
  it 
  enters, 
  and 
  there 
  feeds 
  up, 
  hollowing 
  

   out 
  a 
  space 
  in 
  which 
  to 
  assume 
  the 
  pupal 
  state. 
  In 
  every 
  case, 
  a 
  

   round 
  hole 
  is 
  left 
  for 
  the 
  extrusion 
  of 
  excrement, 
  and, 
  in 
  the 
  final 
  

   burrow, 
  this 
  is 
  placed 
  exactly 
  against 
  the 
  head 
  of 
  the 
  pupa 
  (Barrett). 
  

   The 
  larva? 
  feed 
  in 
  the 
  stems 
  of 
  Senecio 
  nemorensis 
  near 
  Eotterdam 
  

   (Snellen). 
  Fullfed 
  larva? 
  and 
  pupa? 
  of 
  this 
  brood 
  were 
  found 
  on 
  

   a 
  marsh 
  on 
  the 
  banks 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  Yare, 
  near 
  Norwich, 
  from 
  

   August 
  15th-24th, 
  1870, 
  and 
  August 
  10th-20th, 
  1871 
  (Barrett). 
  

   (2) 
  Winter 
  feeding 
  larvae 
  (1st 
  brood) 
  : 
  Larva? 
  commenced 
  to 
  appear 
  

   from 
  the 
  August-laid 
  eggs 
  on 
  August 
  21st, 
  when 
  two 
  were 
  placed 
  

   on 
  young 
  leaves 
  of 
  young 
  plants 
  of 
  Senecio 
  aquaticus, 
  and 
  at 
  

   once 
  directed 
  their 
  course 
  towards 
  the 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  midrib, 
  and 
  thence 
  

   downwards 
  towards 
  the 
  central 
  point 
  of 
  the 
  plant. 
  In 
  one 
  case, 
  the 
  leaf 
  

   and 
  centre 
  of 
  the 
  plant 
  were 
  well 
  clothed 
  with 
  tomentum, 
  and 
  the 
  

   young 
  larva 
  kept 
  to 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  leaf, 
  burrowing 
  beneath 
  this. 
  

   What 
  at 
  first 
  sight 
  appeared 
  to 
  be 
  taking 
  a 
  slight 
  breakfast 
  by 
  the 
  

   way, 
  was, 
  on 
  further 
  observation, 
  concluded 
  to 
  be 
  merely 
  loosening 
  

   the 
  tomentum 
  to 
  make 
  a 
  way, 
  apparently 
  by 
  a 
  biting 
  action, 
  at 
  any 
  

   rate 
  by 
  biting 
  or 
  pressure 
  of 
  the 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  head. 
  On 
  August 
  22nd, 
  

   another 
  larva 
  hatched 
  and 
  was 
  placed 
  on 
  another 
  plant. 
  These 
  

   plants 
  at 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  their 
  first 
  season, 
  have, 
  as 
  in 
  most 
  biennials, 
  

   made 
  a 
  ground 
  rosette, 
  but 
  are 
  leaving 
  an 
  upward 
  stem 
  for 
  next 
  

   season, 
  these 
  being, 
  apparently, 
  the 
  present 
  state 
  of 
  such 
  plants 
  as 
  in 
  

   the 
  spring 
  are 
  like 
  those 
  in 
  which 
  larva? 
  were 
  sent 
  last 
  spring 
  by 
  

   Bankes. 
  The 
  object 
  being 
  to 
  discover, 
  if 
  possible, 
  at 
  what 
  stage 
  they 
  

   pass 
  the 
  winter, 
  a 
  plant 
  was 
  investigated 
  on 
  December 
  3rd. 
  One 
  

   petiole 
  had 
  been 
  burrowed 
  for 
  about 
  an 
  inch, 
  but 
  was 
  abandoned, 
  

   though 
  the 
  leaf 
  was 
  alive 
  and 
  well 
  ; 
  the 
  next 
  younger 
  petiole 
  had 
  been 
  

   burrowed 
  for 
  only 
  a 
  few 
  millimetres, 
  had 
  been 
  entered 
  half-an-inch 
  

   from 
  centre 
  of 
  plant, 
  the 
  ravages 
  in 
  it 
  most 
  inconspicuous. 
  This 
  burrow 
  

   contained 
  a 
  larva 
  4mm. 
  long, 
  with 
  black 
  head 
  and 
  thoracic 
  plate, 
  and 
  

   nearly 
  black 
  anal 
  plate. 
  [One 
  preserved 
  on 
  June 
  30th 
  is 
  almost 
  identical.] 
  

   The 
  larva 
  was 
  very 
  white 
  and 
  colourless 
  — 
  there 
  were, 
  however, 
  some 
  

   contents 
  in 
  alimentary 
  canal 
  — 
  but 
  the 
  burrow 
  was 
  very 
  clear 
  and 
  

   suggested 
  a 
  resting-place 
  rather 
  than 
  a 
  feeding 
  burrow. 
  On 
  January 
  

  

  