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  BRITISH 
  LEPIDOPTERA. 
  

  

  Ovum. 
  — 
  Pale 
  pea-green 
  when 
  newly 
  laid, 
  changing 
  to 
  pale 
  pearly- 
  

   yellowish 
  as 
  the 
  embryo 
  matures; 
  smooth 
  and 
  shiny, 
  with 
  the 
  faintest 
  

   trace 
  of 
  a 
  fine 
  coarse-meshed 
  surface 
  reticulation 
  ; 
  roughly 
  oval 
  in 
  

   outline 
  (viewed 
  from 
  above) 
  ; 
  laid 
  upon 
  the 
  long 
  side 
  ; 
  about 
  # 
  55mm. 
  in 
  

   length, 
  -3mm. 
  in 
  width 
  ; 
  the 
  micropylar 
  end 
  rather 
  broader 
  than 
  

   its 
  nadir; 
  this 
  end 
  becoming 
  black 
  (possibly 
  the 
  larval 
  head) 
  as 
  

   maturity 
  approaches 
  (Tutt). 
  [In 
  size, 
  rather 
  larger 
  than 
  those 
  of 
  

   Porrittia 
  galactodactyla, 
  differing 
  also 
  in 
  shape, 
  being 
  more 
  cylindrical.] 
  

   Length 
  -5mm., 
  width 
  -25mm., 
  thickness 
  nearly 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  width 
  ; 
  

   one 
  end 
  tapering 
  rather 
  more 
  than 
  the 
  other 
  ; 
  eggs 
  flattened 
  on 
  one 
  

   side, 
  but 
  upper 
  surface 
  not 
  depressed 
  ; 
  the 
  surface 
  very 
  smooth 
  and 
  

   varnished-looking, 
  with 
  very 
  fine 
  polygonal 
  (? 
  hexagonal) 
  facets 
  

   towards 
  ends, 
  possibly 
  the 
  remnants 
  of 
  a 
  surface 
  cellular 
  reticulation 
  

   (Bacot, 
  July 
  2nd, 
  1899). 
  Pale 
  green 
  in 
  colour 
  ; 
  very 
  polished, 
  yet 
  

   with 
  a 
  distinct 
  network 
  of 
  hardly 
  raised 
  ribs 
  in 
  irregular 
  polygons, 
  that 
  

   run 
  into 
  longitudinal 
  rows 
  in 
  places, 
  e.g., 
  a 
  set 
  of 
  seven 
  or 
  eight, 
  or 
  

   possibly 
  more, 
  if 
  they 
  could 
  all 
  be 
  made 
  out 
  at 
  once, 
  are 
  placed 
  side 
  

   by 
  side 
  in 
  a 
  row 
  in 
  line 
  with 
  the 
  longest 
  axis 
  of 
  the 
  egg, 
  so 
  that 
  their 
  

   separating 
  ribs 
  are 
  transverse, 
  and 
  their 
  common 
  line 
  of 
  margins 
  is 
  

   nearly 
  straight, 
  but 
  still 
  so 
  far 
  irregular 
  that, 
  instead 
  of 
  the 
  cells 
  

   appearing 
  to 
  be 
  quadrangular, 
  they 
  are 
  modified 
  hexagons 
  or 
  pentagons 
  ; 
  

   in 
  other 
  places 
  they 
  are 
  irregularly 
  placed, 
  of 
  various 
  sizes 
  and 
  figures, 
  

   and 
  the 
  ribs 
  are 
  often 
  so 
  flat 
  and 
  rounded 
  as 
  to 
  be 
  difficult 
  to 
  see. 
  The 
  

   cells 
  of 
  the 
  network 
  are 
  about 
  O03mm. 
  in 
  diameter. 
  Seen 
  from 
  above 
  

   the 
  egg 
  is 
  oval, 
  O60mm. 
  long, 
  and 
  0*36mm. 
  across 
  ; 
  seen 
  laterally, 
  

   the 
  top 
  and 
  bottom 
  are 
  nearly 
  parallel, 
  and 
  would 
  be 
  but 
  that 
  one 
  end 
  

   is 
  slightly 
  thicker 
  ; 
  this 
  end 
  is 
  also 
  a 
  good 
  deal 
  flattened 
  ; 
  both 
  top 
  

   and 
  bottom 
  are 
  a 
  little 
  hollowed 
  ; 
  the 
  height 
  is 
  0-25mm. 
  at 
  the 
  

   thinner 
  end, 
  0-27mm. 
  at 
  the 
  thicker 
  (Chapman). 
  

  

  Habits 
  of 
  larva. 
  — 
  (1) 
  Summer 
  feeding 
  larvae. 
  — 
  A 
  large 
  number 
  

   of 
  larvae 
  appeared 
  July 
  2nd-5th, 
  1888, 
  ffom 
  ova 
  deposited 
  on 
  the 
  

   leaves 
  of 
  some 
  potted 
  plants 
  of 
  Tussilago 
  farfara; 
  numerous 
  tiny 
  mines 
  

   were 
  at 
  once 
  noticed 
  in 
  the 
  undersurface 
  of 
  the 
  leaves, 
  and, 
  on 
  July 
  7th, 
  

   a 
  thorough 
  examination 
  showed 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  small 
  round 
  holes 
  in 
  the 
  

   under 
  epidermis, 
  and 
  mines 
  leading 
  from 
  these 
  into 
  the 
  leaf 
  substance; 
  

   the 
  larvae 
  in 
  the 
  mines 
  were 
  very 
  inconspicuous, 
  and 
  could 
  only 
  be 
  traced 
  

   by 
  their 
  black 
  heads. 
  On 
  July 
  10th, 
  a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  tiny 
  larvae 
  — 
  pale 
  

   green 
  with 
  black 
  heads, 
  the 
  two 
  following 
  segments 
  with 
  a 
  black 
  plate 
  and 
  

   a 
  dark 
  dorsal 
  streak 
  — 
  were 
  observed 
  mining 
  under 
  the 
  fluff, 
  both 
  of 
  leaves 
  

   and 
  stems. 
  The 
  larvae 
  were 
  now 
  conspicuous 
  enough, 
  many 
  wandering 
  

   about 
  on 
  the 
  outside 
  of 
  the 
  undersurface 
  of 
  the 
  leaves 
  ; 
  they 
  were 
  then 
  

   turned 
  out-of-doors, 
  and 
  soon 
  crawled 
  on 
  the 
  strong 
  plants 
  growing 
  in 
  the 
  

   garden 
  ; 
  they 
  directly, 
  however, 
  bored 
  beneath 
  the 
  fluffy 
  under-epidermis. 
  

   On 
  July 
  19th, 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  larvae 
  had 
  left 
  the 
  mines 
  and 
  were 
  feeding 
  

   externally; 
  they 
  were 
  then 
  about 
  '25mm. 
  long, 
  and 
  very 
  pale 
  in 
  colour 
  ; 
  

   those 
  that 
  were 
  feeding 
  outside 
  the 
  mines, 
  and 
  quite 
  exposed, 
  were 
  eating 
  

   little 
  round 
  holes 
  in 
  the 
  undersurface 
  of 
  the 
  leaves, 
  through 
  the 
  epidermis 
  

   and 
  parenchyma, 
  leaving 
  only 
  the 
  upper 
  epidermis. 
  On 
  July 
  30th, 
  

   some 
  larvae 
  were 
  still 
  mining 
  under 
  the 
  fluff 
  of 
  the 
  undersides 
  of 
  the 
  

   leaves, 
  but 
  most 
  of 
  them 
  were 
  fully 
  exposed, 
  and 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  

   latter 
  larvae 
  had 
  now 
  quite 
  a 
  dark 
  purplish-brown 
  dorsal 
  line. 
  On 
  

   August 
  19th, 
  the 
  larvae 
  were 
  still 
  eating 
  round 
  holes 
  through 
  the 
  lower 
  

   parts 
  of 
  the 
  leaves, 
  but 
  leaving 
  the 
  upper 
  epidermis. 
  The 
  larvae 
  were 
  

  

  