﻿GILLMERIA 
  OCHRODACTYLA. 
  "166 
  

  

  The 
  lower 
  one 
  usually 
  includes 
  the 
  spiracle, 
  i.e., 
  it 
  is 
  broad, 
  and 
  

   extends 
  down 
  below 
  the 
  spiracle 
  ; 
  there 
  is, 
  however, 
  some 
  ground 
  

   colour 
  usually 
  in 
  it 
  that 
  would 
  make 
  it 
  an 
  union 
  of 
  supra- 
  and 
  sub- 
  

   spiracular 
  lines. 
  Below 
  the 
  spiracle 
  is 
  a 
  broad 
  pale, 
  and 
  then 
  a 
  broad 
  

   dark, 
  band, 
  and 
  vi 
  is 
  in 
  a 
  narrow 
  pale 
  line 
  below 
  this. 
  Then, 
  ventrally, 
  

   is 
  a 
  narrow 
  dark 
  line, 
  a 
  pale 
  line 
  and 
  a 
  dark 
  central 
  shade. 
  There 
  is 
  

   a 
  peculiarity 
  here 
  which 
  I 
  find 
  only 
  in 
  ochrodactyla, 
  though 
  I 
  think 
  

   pallidactyla 
  would 
  show 
  it 
  if 
  a 
  dark 
  enough 
  specimen 
  were 
  forth- 
  

   coming. 
  This 
  peculiarity 
  is, 
  that 
  this 
  first 
  ventral 
  dark 
  line 
  curves 
  

   inwards 
  at 
  its 
  lower 
  end 
  on 
  each 
  segment, 
  and 
  the 
  pale 
  line 
  within 
  it 
  

   curves 
  still 
  more, 
  so 
  that 
  it 
  meets 
  its 
  fellow 
  of 
  the 
  opposite 
  side 
  along 
  

   the 
  posterior 
  border 
  of 
  the 
  segment, 
  giving 
  the 
  dark 
  central 
  shade 
  a 
  

   somewhat 
  ocellated 
  character. 
  This 
  shade 
  tends 
  usually 
  to 
  divide 
  

   into 
  two 
  by 
  a 
  partial 
  pale 
  ventral 
  line, 
  and 
  the 
  centre 
  of 
  each 
  half 
  

   may 
  be 
  pale, 
  aiding 
  the 
  ocellated 
  effect, 
  and, 
  in 
  all 
  cases, 
  making 
  the 
  

   ventral 
  markings 
  run 
  largely 
  in 
  curves 
  instead 
  of 
  in 
  straight 
  lines. 
  The 
  

   proleg 
  scars 
  in 
  this 
  region 
  seem 
  to 
  be 
  pockets 
  as 
  in 
  P. 
  gonodactyla 
  

   (Chapman). 
  All 
  my 
  pupae 
  of 
  G 
  . 
  pallidactyla 
  (some 
  twelve 
  in 
  number) 
  

   were 
  of 
  a 
  pale 
  green 
  tint, 
  darkening 
  to 
  a 
  very 
  pale 
  wainscot-brown 
  

   on 
  the 
  wing-cases, 
  thoracic, 
  and 
  dorsal 
  areas, 
  before 
  emergence. 
  The 
  only 
  

   G. 
  ochrodactyla, 
  that 
  has 
  pupated, 
  at 
  once 
  turned 
  dark 
  wainscot-brown, 
  

   mottled, 
  and 
  striped 
  with 
  dark 
  umber-brown 
  to 
  almost 
  black, 
  and 
  

   some 
  pale 
  bone 
  colour, 
  almost 
  white 
  in 
  places. 
  I 
  only 
  had 
  one 
  pupa 
  

   of 
  pallidactyla 
  available 
  for 
  comparison 
  at 
  this 
  time, 
  and 
  this 
  was 
  a 
  very 
  

   small 
  one, 
  but 
  I 
  do 
  not 
  think 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  any 
  marked 
  difference 
  in 
  

   the 
  size 
  of 
  normal 
  specimens. 
  In 
  shape, 
  the 
  ochrodactyla 
  looks 
  the 
  

   more 
  slender 
  of 
  the 
  two, 
  but 
  this 
  is, 
  I 
  think, 
  in 
  part, 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  extra 
  

   length 
  of 
  the 
  nose-horn 
  in 
  ochrodactyla, 
  but 
  not 
  entirely 
  so. 
  Certainly 
  

   the 
  nose-horn 
  in 
  this 
  particular 
  specimen 
  is 
  much 
  longer 
  than 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  

   pallidactyla. 
  The 
  pupa 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  is 
  12mm. 
  long, 
  and 
  its 
  nose-horn, 
  

   from 
  eye 
  to 
  tip, 
  is 
  only 
  l*50mm., 
  while 
  the 
  pupa 
  of 
  ochrodactyla 
  is 
  

   14mm. 
  long, 
  and 
  its 
  nose-horn 
  is 
  2mm. 
  in 
  length. 
  The 
  nose-horn 
  of 
  

   pallidactyla 
  is 
  also 
  more 
  beak-like, 
  in 
  that 
  it 
  projects 
  outwards 
  from 
  the 
  

   pupa 
  further 
  in 
  a 
  ventral 
  direction, 
  while 
  the 
  larger 
  horn 
  of 
  ochro- 
  

   dactyla 
  has 
  but 
  little 
  ventral 
  inclination 
  (Bacot). 
  

  

  Foodplants. 
  — 
  Tanacetum 
  vulyare 
  (Miihlig). 
  [Chrysanthemum 
  corym- 
  

   boHum, 
  Senecio 
  sylvaticus 
  (Rossler 
  and 
  Borgmann) 
  'see 
  antea, 
  pp. 
  

   222-223).] 
  

  

  Time 
  of 
  appearance. 
  — 
  The 
  species 
  is 
  rarely 
  out 
  before 
  July; 
  usually 
  

   its 
  time 
  of 
  appearance 
  in 
  the 
  British 
  Islands 
  extends 
  from 
  mid-July 
  to 
  

   mid- 
  August, 
  although, 
  over 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  years, 
  it 
  extends 
  from 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  

   June 
  till 
  towards 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  August. 
  Wallengren 
  also 
  gives 
  July 
  and 
  

   August 
  as 
  the 
  dates 
  for 
  its 
  appearance 
  in 
  Scandinavia; 
  and 
  Eversmann, 
  

   June 
  and 
  July, 
  in 
  the 
  Ural 
  district 
  of 
  Russia. 
  In 
  Germany, 
  we 
  note 
  it 
  

   recorded 
  in 
  July 
  and 
  early 
  August 
  in 
  Friedland 
  (Stange), 
  near 
  Hamburg 
  

   (Sauber), 
  and 
  near 
  Wiesbaden 
  ; 
  July 
  or 
  August, 
  according 
  to 
  the 
  season 
  

   (Rossler), 
  near 
  Cassel 
  (Borgmann), 
  in 
  Wiirttemberg 
  (Steudel) 
  ; 
  in 
  

   June 
  and 
  July, 
  in 
  Pomerania 
  (Paul 
  and 
  Plot/), 
  also 
  near 
  Gottmgen 
  

   (Jordan), 
  near 
  Berlin 
  (Pfiitzner), 
  in 
  Silesia 
  (Wocke), 
  near 
  Brum) 
  

   (Gartner) 
  ; 
  in 
  June, 
  in 
  Saxon 
  Upper 
  Lusatia 
  (Sohiitze) 
  ; 
  in 
  July, 
  in 
  

   Bavaria 
  (Hofmann 
  and 
  Her 
  rioh-Sch 
  after) 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  first 
  half 
  of 
  August. 
  

   on 
  Sylt 
  Island 
  (Werneburg), 
  also 
  near 
  Hanover 
  (Glitz) 
  ; 
  whilst, 
  in 
  

   Upper 
  Lusatia, 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  June 
  to 
  August 
  is 
  given 
  by 
  Moschlor. 
  The 
  

  

  