﻿EUCNEMIDOPHORUS 
  RHODODACTYLA. 
  

  

  265 
  

  

  ^ 
  in. 
  in 
  length 
  ; 
  pale 
  green, 
  the 
  wing-cases 
  whitish, 
  the 
  eye-, 
  

   antenna-, 
  and 
  leg-cases, 
  also 
  the 
  edging 
  of 
  the 
  wing-cases, 
  smoky- 
  

   black." 
  South 
  writes: 
  "Dingy-green, 
  with 
  a 
  dorsal 
  line, 
  strongly 
  

   suffused 
  with 
  rose-colour 
  or 
  violet 
  ; 
  hairs 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  larva 
  ; 
  the 
  paler 
  

   wing-cases 
  stand 
  out 
  prominently 
  from 
  the 
  thorax, 
  thus 
  giving 
  the 
  

   pupa 
  a 
  swollen 
  appearance 
  at 
  this 
  point." 
  Buckler 
  figured 
  (Larvae, 
  

   etc., 
  pi. 
  clxiii., 
  fig. 
  2c) 
  the 
  pupa 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  on 
  June 
  22nd, 
  

   1877. 
  Hofmann 
  notes 
  (Die 
  Deutsch. 
  Pteroph., 
  pp. 
  35-36) 
  that 
  the 
  

   pupal 
  colour 
  changes 
  greatly 
  as 
  development 
  proceeds. 
  It 
  is 
  greenish 
  

   at 
  first, 
  then 
  it 
  becomes 
  more 
  and 
  more 
  violet, 
  until 
  at 
  last 
  it 
  is 
  of 
  a 
  

   very 
  dark 
  violet 
  hue, 
  the 
  markings 
  all 
  the 
  time 
  becoming 
  less 
  and 
  less 
  

   distinct. 
  

  

  Variation 
  of 
  pupa. 
  — 
  The 
  colour 
  of 
  the 
  pupa 
  is 
  very 
  definite, 
  

   greenish 
  in 
  hue, 
  the 
  wings 
  green, 
  edged 
  with 
  black, 
  often 
  with 
  whitish 
  

   nervures, 
  whilst 
  the 
  forks 
  between 
  are 
  filled 
  up 
  with 
  blackish; 
  between 
  

   the 
  antennal 
  sheaths 
  the 
  space 
  is 
  filled 
  up 
  with 
  blackish-green; 
  the 
  

   warts 
  are 
  whitish 
  or 
  whitish-green, 
  as 
  also 
  are 
  the 
  hind 
  margins 
  of 
  

   the 
  abdominal 
  segments, 
  and 
  the 
  upper 
  edges 
  of 
  the 
  cremaster. 
  In 
  

   the 
  most 
  strongly 
  marked 
  pupae 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  black, 
  longitudinal, 
  mediodorsal 
  

   stripe, 
  with 
  two 
  very 
  similar, 
  but 
  less 
  distinct, 
  lateral 
  stripes 
  at 
  the 
  

   height 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  row 
  of 
  tubercles 
  and 
  above 
  the 
  spiracles 
  ; 
  there 
  

   are 
  also 
  two 
  blackish 
  longitudinal 
  stripes 
  lower 
  down 
  the 
  sides 
  

   (Hofmann). 
  Butterfield 
  says 
  that 
  the 
  pupae 
  vary 
  in 
  colour, 
  from 
  

   uniform 
  pale 
  green, 
  and 
  green 
  blotched 
  with 
  umber, 
  to 
  dark 
  umber, 
  

   almost 
  black. 
  

  

  Time 
  of 
  appearance. 
  — 
  In 
  Britain, 
  the 
  species 
  first 
  appears 
  at 
  the 
  

   beginning 
  of 
  July, 
  and 
  continues 
  to 
  emerge 
  throughout 
  the 
  month 
  ; 
  

   in 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  July, 
  1874, 
  imagines 
  were 
  reared 
  from 
  pupae 
  and 
  

   larvae 
  found 
  at 
  Chattenden 
  a 
  little 
  earlier 
  (Porritt) 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  next 
  year 
  

   the 
  imagines 
  were 
  on 
  the 
  wing 
  for 
  some 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  weeks, 
  in 
  the 
  

   same 
  locality, 
  from 
  about 
  July 
  5th 
  (Tutt). 
  On 
  the 
  continent, 
  the 
  time 
  

   of 
  appearance 
  varies 
  a 
  little 
  according 
  to 
  elevation, 
  from 
  June 
  to 
  

   mid- 
  August, 
  e.g., 
  June 
  at 
  Autun 
  (Constant) 
  ; 
  August 
  5th-12th, 
  at 
  

   La 
  Grave, 
  in 
  the 
  Dauphiny 
  Alps 
  (Tutt) 
  ; 
  July 
  and 
  August, 
  in 
  Switzer- 
  

   land 
  (Frey) 
  ; 
  June 
  to 
  the 
  beginning 
  of 
  August, 
  at 
  Frankfort-on-Oder 
  

   (Metzner), 
  also 
  in 
  Upper 
  Lusatia 
  (Moschler), 
  Saxon 
  Upper 
  Lusatia 
  

   (Schiitze), 
  and 
  Crefeld, 
  near 
  Uerdingen 
  (Stollwerck) 
  ; 
  although 
  July 
  

   alone 
  is 
  given 
  for 
  most 
  German 
  localities 
  — 
  Baden, 
  etc. 
  ; 
  and 
  Hofmann 
  

   says 
  end 
  of 
  June, 
  and 
  July, 
  throughout 
  Austria 
  and 
  Germany. 
  Actual 
  

   dates 
  noted 
  are 
  : 
  August 
  2nd, 
  1855, 
  in 
  the 
  Waldrande, 
  near 
  Zurich 
  (Frey); 
  

   bred 
  June 
  17th, 
  1858, 
  and 
  following 
  days, 
  from 
  larvae 
  and 
  pup,? 
  found 
  

   June 
  4th, 
  at 
  Magnusholm 
  ; 
  also 
  from 
  July 
  lst-27th, 
  from 
  Arensburg, 
  

   Pichtendahl 
  and 
  Ilpel 
  (Nolcken) 
  ; 
  several 
  from 
  July 
  30th, 
  1877, 
  in 
  a 
  

   garden 
  at 
  Schoneberg, 
  near 
  Berlin 
  (Sorhagen) 
  ; 
  July 
  1st, 
  1908, 
  at 
  Duzi, 
  

   in 
  Bosnia 
  (Hilf-Leonhardt) 
  ; 
  May 
  27th, 
  1901, 
  a 
  very 
  early 
  season, 
  

   abundant 
  at 
  Zwotzen-on-the-Elster 
  (Dieroft). 
  British 
  rf.cokds 
  ; 
  

   July 
  13th-18th, 
  1874, 
  at 
  Chattenden 
  (Porritt); 
  between 
  July 
  6th 
  and 
  

   31st, 
  1875, 
  at 
  Chattenden 
  (Tugwell) 
  ; 
  bred 
  July 
  7th-16th, 
  1S77, 
  from 
  

   larvae, 
  obtained 
  at 
  Chattenden, 
  that 
  pupated 
  June 
  22nd, 
  1877, 
  and 
  

   following 
  days 
  (Buckler) 
  ; 
  bred 
  June 
  22nd, 
  1898, 
  others 
  bred 
  July 
  16th, 
  

   1899, 
  and 
  following 
  days, 
  from 
  Larvae 
  obtained 
  in 
  Middlesex 
  (Tutt) 
  : 
  

   bred 
  July 
  4th-20th/ 
  1899; 
  July 
  7th-llth, 
  1900, 
  from 
  larva* 
  found 
  iu 
  

   Middlesex 
  (Rothschild) 
  ; 
  July 
  22nd, 
  1900, 
  at 
  Worcester 
  Park 
  (Kaye) 
  : 
  

  

  