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  BRITISH 
  LEPIDOPTERA. 
  

  

  bred 
  July 
  4th, 
  1901, 
  from 
  larvae 
  found 
  in 
  Middlesex 
  (Rothschild) 
  ; 
  

   bred 
  July 
  12th-16th, 
  1903, 
  from 
  larvae 
  found 
  in 
  Middlesex 
  (Tutt) 
  ; 
  

   bred 
  July 
  12th, 
  1903, 
  from 
  larva 
  found 
  at 
  Thorn 
  don 
  Park 
  

   (Whittle) 
  ; 
  imagines 
  emerged 
  July 
  5th-12th, 
  1902, 
  from 
  larvae 
  collected 
  

   June 
  24th, 
  that 
  pupated 
  between 
  June 
  25th-30th 
  ; 
  others 
  emerged 
  

   June 
  29th-July 
  10th, 
  1903, 
  from 
  larvae 
  collected 
  June 
  4th, 
  in 
  the 
  

   Bexley 
  district 
  (Butterfield) 
  ; 
  bred 
  July 
  llth-17th, 
  1903, 
  from 
  

   larvae 
  obtained 
  in 
  the 
  Bexley 
  district, 
  on 
  June 
  10th 
  (Bankes) 
  ; 
  

   imagines 
  also 
  observed 
  wild, 
  July 
  4th, 
  1904, 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  district 
  

   (Butterfield). 
  

  

  Habits. 
  — 
  The 
  species 
  is 
  essentially 
  a 
  dusk 
  and 
  late 
  evening 
  flier, 
  

   yet 
  Butterfield, 
  who 
  has 
  bred 
  large 
  numbers, 
  says 
  that 
  the 
  imagines 
  

   almost 
  always 
  emerge 
  in 
  the 
  early 
  morning. 
  In 
  July, 
  1874, 
  and 
  1875, 
  

   specimens 
  were 
  frequently 
  observed 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Ovenden 
  and 
  myself, 
  flying, 
  

   after 
  dark, 
  around 
  the 
  rose-bashes 
  in 
  Chattenden 
  woods, 
  the 
  females 
  

   apparently 
  busily 
  laying 
  their 
  eggs, 
  and, 
  on 
  at 
  least 
  one 
  or 
  two 
  occasions, 
  

   if 
  memory 
  serves, 
  they 
  appeared 
  to 
  be 
  busy 
  at 
  the 
  sweets. 
  Porntt 
  also 
  

   has 
  recorded 
  it 
  as 
  flying 
  about 
  the 
  rose-bushes 
  at 
  Chattenden, 
  whilst 
  

   Sorhagen 
  says 
  that, 
  in 
  Brandenburg, 
  it 
  sometimes 
  swarms 
  around 
  

   rose-bushes. 
  Claxton 
  has 
  taken 
  the 
  species 
  at 
  light 
  at 
  Navestock, 
  

   near 
  Romford, 
  and 
  Kaye, 
  also 
  at 
  light, 
  at 
  Worcester 
  Park 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  further 
  

   recorded 
  as 
  abundant 
  at 
  light 
  at 
  Zwotzen-on-the-Elster 
  (DierofT). 
  We 
  

   were 
  much 
  surprised, 
  at 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  one 
  or 
  two 
  afternoons 
  in 
  early 
  

   August, 
  1896, 
  at 
  finding 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  specimens 
  on 
  yarrow-flowers,, 
  

   under 
  some 
  rose-bushes, 
  on 
  a 
  hedgebank 
  at 
  La 
  Grave, 
  in 
  Dauphiny, 
  

   whence 
  we 
  must 
  have 
  dislodged 
  them, 
  as 
  we 
  were 
  working 
  the 
  bank 
  pretty 
  

   closely 
  for 
  rnicro-lepidoptera. 
  As 
  a 
  rule, 
  however, 
  the 
  species, 
  even 
  in 
  

   confinement, 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  chary 
  of 
  moving 
  in 
  the 
  daytime. 
  Warren 
  

   says 
  that 
  he 
  has 
  only 
  seen 
  one 
  wild 
  imago 
  in 
  Middlesex 
  ; 
  on 
  this 
  

   occasion 
  he 
  beat 
  about 
  six 
  yards 
  of 
  the 
  undergrowth 
  of 
  a 
  hedge 
  before 
  

   dislodging 
  this 
  specimen, 
  a 
  female, 
  which 
  flew 
  about 
  a 
  yard, 
  and 
  then 
  

   settled 
  on 
  a 
  grass-culm, 
  and, 
  being 
  again 
  disturbed, 
  would 
  only 
  flit 
  a 
  

   foot 
  or 
  so 
  ; 
  the 
  insect 
  also 
  seems 
  strangely 
  lazy 
  in 
  confinement. 
  

   Wocke 
  observes 
  that, 
  when 
  at 
  rest, 
  the 
  forewings 
  of 
  the 
  insect 
  are 
  

   spread 
  out 
  flat, 
  standing 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  to 
  the 
  body, 
  and 
  the 
  hindwings 
  

   are 
  hidden 
  beneath 
  them. 
  Dieroff 
  observes 
  that, 
  on 
  the 
  evening 
  of 
  

   May 
  27th, 
  the 
  weather 
  being 
  sultry, 
  and 
  a 
  thunderstorm 
  threatening, 
  he 
  

   saw, 
  at 
  Zwotzen-on-the-Elster, 
  no 
  fewer 
  than 
  five 
  pairs 
  in 
  cojjidd 
  ; 
  at 
  

   this 
  time 
  the 
  $ 
  clings 
  with 
  the 
  two 
  front 
  legs 
  to 
  a 
  grass-culm, 
  etc., 
  

   the 
  $ 
  hanging 
  free, 
  and 
  suspended 
  only 
  by 
  its 
  attachment 
  to 
  the 
  ? 
  . 
  

  

  Habitat. 
  — 
  In 
  Britain, 
  the 
  species 
  appears 
  to 
  frequent 
  the 
  rose- 
  

   bushes 
  on 
  the 
  outskirts 
  of 
  woods, 
  or 
  in 
  the 
  ridings 
  and 
  more 
  open 
  

   parts 
  of 
  the 
  woods 
  in 
  north 
  Kent 
  (Tutt) 
  ; 
  at 
  Lewisham, 
  it 
  was 
  taken 
  in 
  

   a 
  garden 
  (Stainton) 
  ; 
  in 
  Middlesex, 
  it 
  is 
  reported 
  from 
  hedgerows 
  and 
  

   gardens 
  (South). 
  Warren 
  says 
  that, 
  in 
  Middlesex, 
  the 
  species 
  is 
  

   spread, 
  to 
  his 
  certain 
  knowledge, 
  over 
  an 
  area 
  of 
  four 
  or 
  five 
  miles, 
  

   and 
  he 
  has 
  no 
  doubt 
  it 
  extends 
  further 
  ; 
  it 
  occurs 
  round, 
  and 
  in, 
  two 
  

   villages, 
  and 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  outskirts 
  of 
  one 
  fairly 
  large 
  town 
  ; 
  moreover, 
  

   it 
  seems 
  to 
  prefer 
  rose-bushes 
  growing 
  by 
  the 
  sides 
  of 
  roads, 
  and 
  is 
  

   frequently 
  common 
  there; 
  it 
  certainly 
  does 
  not 
  avoid 
  such. 
  On 
  the 
  

   continent, 
  it 
  occurs 
  throughout 
  the 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  lowlands 
  of 
  Central 
  

   Europe, 
  and 
  often 
  does 
  considerable 
  damage 
  to 
  the 
  cultivated 
  roses 
  in 
  

   gardens. 
  Hofmann 
  says 
  it 
  occurs 
  every 
  where 
  in 
  Germany, 
  from 
  the 
  sea- 
  

  

  