﻿ADKINIA 
  BIPUNCTIDACTYLA. 
  341 
  

  

  it 
  had 
  also 
  been 
  taken 
  in 
  Cumberland, 
  thus 
  uniting 
  playiodactylus, 
  Sta., 
  

   with 
  scabiodactylus, 
  Gregs. 
  Jordan 
  described 
  it 
  under 
  the 
  name 
  scabiosae 
  

   (Ent. 
  Mo. 
  May., 
  xviii., 
  p. 
  122) 
  as 
  the 
  small 
  bright-looking 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  

   Lake 
  district, 
  at 
  first 
  sight 
  very 
  different 
  from 
  German 
  specimens, 
  

   which 
  have 
  a 
  much 
  larger 
  blotch 
  on 
  the 
  costa, 
  but 
  the 
  " 
  plagium 
  " 
  

   distinct 
  in 
  both. 
  South 
  says 
  that 
  specimens 
  bred 
  from 
  Gregson's 
  

   Llanferres 
  larvae 
  in 
  1881 
  and 
  1882, 
  are 
  more 
  strongly 
  marked, 
  and 
  

   perhaps 
  smaller 
  than 
  imagines 
  from 
  Folkestone, 
  but 
  that 
  others, 
  bred 
  

   in 
  1885, 
  were 
  somewhat 
  larger 
  than 
  those 
  bred 
  in 
  1881 
  and 
  1882, 
  one 
  

   or 
  two 
  less 
  strongly 
  marked, 
  so 
  that 
  they 
  did 
  not 
  differ 
  at 
  all 
  from 
  

   specimens 
  from 
  Folkestone 
  (Ent., 
  xviii., 
  pp. 
  274-5) 
  ; 
  but, 
  as 
  he 
  further 
  

   states 
  that 
  he 
  could 
  not 
  distinguish 
  between 
  these 
  and 
  S. 
  coprodactyla 
  and 
  

   A. 
  pelidnodactyla, 
  his 
  opinion 
  is 
  somewhat 
  discounted. 
  Barrett 
  appears 
  

   to 
  have 
  fallen 
  into 
  a 
  sad 
  muddle 
  (Ent. 
  Mo. 
  May., 
  xviii., 
  p. 
  179) 
  by 
  

   trying 
  to 
  separate 
  the 
  more 
  typical 
  examples 
  into 
  playiodactylus 
  and 
  

   bipunctidactyla. 
  He 
  also 
  attempted 
  to 
  connect 
  the 
  latter 
  with 
  Scabiosa 
  

   succisa, 
  and 
  the 
  former 
  with 
  Scabiosa 
  columbaria. 
  He 
  states 
  that, 
  at 
  

   Ranworth 
  Fen, 
  a 
  patch 
  of 
  S. 
  succisa 
  produced 
  examples 
  that 
  leaned 
  

   altogether 
  to 
  the 
  plaf/iodactylus 
  form, 
  whilst 
  at 
  Brandon, 
  among 
  .S'. 
  

   columbaria 
  and 
  S. 
  arvensis, 
  the 
  two 
  forms 
  were 
  so 
  mingled 
  that 
  one 
  

   could 
  not 
  separate 
  them. 
  As, 
  however, 
  he 
  goes 
  on 
  to 
  make 
  playiodac- 
  

   tylus 
  the 
  larger, 
  and 
  bipunctidactyla 
  the 
  smaller 
  form, 
  and 
  also 
  says 
  

   that, 
  in 
  some 
  specimens 
  of 
  playiodactylus, 
  the 
  characteristic 
  markings, 
  as 
  

   defined 
  by 
  Stainton, 
  disappear, 
  whilst 
  in 
  some 
  bipunctidactyla 
  these 
  

   markings 
  are 
  seen 
  pretty 
  distinctly, 
  one 
  may 
  conclude 
  that 
  he 
  was 
  

   only 
  dealing 
  with 
  the 
  usual 
  aberrative 
  conditions 
  found 
  in 
  all 
  localities 
  

   where 
  the 
  type 
  is 
  common, 
  in 
  fact, 
  he 
  shows 
  that 
  he 
  had 
  not 
  the 
  local 
  

   race 
  described 
  by 
  Stainton 
  and 
  Gregson 
  in 
  his 
  mind, 
  for 
  he 
  further 
  

   goes 
  on 
  to 
  say 
  that 
  scabiodactylus 
  from 
  the 
  Lake 
  district 
  has 
  the 
  cloud- 
  

   ing 
  of 
  the 
  costa 
  and 
  the 
  black 
  streak 
  much 
  exaggerated. 
  He 
  appears 
  

   to 
  be 
  later 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  confused 
  condition 
  of 
  mind 
  (Lep. 
  Brit. 
  Isles, 
  

   ix., 
  p. 
  375), 
  although 
  he 
  gives 
  a 
  very 
  good 
  description 
  of 
  playiodactylus 
  

   (scabiodactylus), 
  stating 
  that, 
  in 
  the 
  northwest 
  of 
  England, 
  the 
  tendency 
  

   to 
  the 
  development 
  of 
  small 
  black 
  dashes 
  on 
  the 
  lobes 
  of 
  the 
  forewing, 
  

   and 
  a 
  bordering 
  of 
  white 
  between 
  them, 
  etc., 
  becomes 
  exaggerated, 
  the 
  

   costa 
  above 
  the 
  fissure 
  being 
  blackened, 
  so 
  as 
  sometimes 
  to 
  form 
  a 
  

   flattened 
  dark 
  triangle 
  with 
  the 
  usual 
  two 
  dots 
  at 
  its 
  apex 
  ; 
  these 
  dots 
  are 
  

   also 
  joined 
  together, 
  and 
  the 
  hind 
  marginal 
  dots 
  elongated 
  into 
  streaks. 
  

   He 
  then 
  unaccountably 
  connects 
  this 
  w 
  T 
  ith 
  the 
  " 
  umbreous 
  form 
  " 
  of 
  

   the 
  fens, 
  which 
  he 
  says, 
  with 
  considerable 
  variation 
  in 
  colour, 
  has 
  the 
  

   precise 
  markings 
  of 
  the 
  typical 
  form. 
  Unfortunately, 
  he 
  does 
  not 
  define 
  

   the 
  latter. 
  We 
  have 
  already 
  (antea, 
  pp. 
  336-7) 
  referred 
  to 
  Hofmann's 
  

   notes 
  on 
  this 
  form, 
  and 
  his 
  reference 
  to 
  original 
  specimens 
  captured 
  

   by 
  Mann 
  (on 
  the 
  Schneeberg) 
  and 
  Zeller 
  (at 
  Bergiin). 
  Bankes 
  observes 
  

   that, 
  in 
  the 
  " 
  Mason 
  coll.," 
  the 
  playiodactylus 
  only 
  contained 
  one 
  speci- 
  

   men 
  of 
  the 
  darker 
  form, 
  whilst 
  the 
  series 
  of 
  scabiosa,', 
  GregS., 
  though 
  

   including 
  several 
  typical 
  A. 
  bipunctidactyla, 
  were 
  mostly 
  of 
  the 
  darker 
  

   form 
  (playiodactylus, 
  Stn. 
  Man.) 
  with 
  the 
  forewings 
  distinctly 
  speckled 
  

   with 
  black 
  and 
  white, 
  tinged 
  with 
  ochreous 
  towards 
  the 
  dorsal 
  margin, 
  

   and 
  with 
  a 
  strong 
  black 
  streak 
  in 
  the 
  upper 
  lobe. 
  He 
  adds 
  (in 
  litt.) 
  ; 
  

   " 
  I 
  secured 
  15 
  outof 
  the 
  80 
  so-called 
  scabiosae, 
  and, 
  of 
  the 
  15. 
  the 
  majority 
  

   are 
  of 
  this 
  dark 
  form, 
  though 
  only 
  one 
  shows 
  the 
  'two 
  distinct 
  black 
  

   streaks 
  in 
  the 
  second 
  lobe.' 
  referred 
  to 
  above, 
  whilst 
  a 
  few 
  are 
  typical 
  

  

  