﻿STENOPTILIA 
  PTERODACTYJLA. 
  

  

  36^ 
  

  

  the 
  lower 
  spot 
  ; 
  in 
  one 
  example 
  from 
  Hanover, 
  there 
  is 
  only 
  a 
  very 
  

   slight 
  trace 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  spot 
  to 
  be 
  seen, 
  and 
  no 
  trace 
  at 
  all 
  of 
  the 
  

   lower 
  one. 
  The 
  costal 
  fringes 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  lobe 
  have 
  a 
  fine 
  white 
  

   line. 
  Equally 
  variable 
  with 
  the 
  fissural 
  spots 
  are 
  the 
  typical 
  spots 
  in 
  

   the 
  outer 
  marginal 
  fringes 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  lobe. 
  The 
  dark 
  spot 
  at 
  the 
  

   anal 
  angle 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  lobe 
  is 
  always 
  distinct 
  and 
  constant, 
  the 
  spots 
  

   at 
  the 
  apex 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  lobe, 
  on 
  the 
  other 
  hand, 
  are 
  variable 
  ; 
  occasion- 
  

   ally 
  there 
  are, 
  instead 
  of 
  two, 
  three 
  present, 
  or 
  four 
  (in 
  one 
  example 
  

   received 
  from 
  Staudinger 
  as 
  paludicola), 
  or 
  the 
  two 
  spots 
  are 
  lengthened, 
  

   nearly 
  coalescing, 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  form 
  a 
  brown 
  line 
  round 
  the 
  apex 
  of 
  the 
  

   lower 
  lobe, 
  as 
  described 
  in 
  ab. 
  paludicola; 
  in 
  yet 
  other 
  cases, 
  the 
  spots 
  

   of 
  the 
  lower 
  lobe 
  are 
  very 
  pale 
  and 
  indistinct, 
  or 
  they 
  are, 
  in 
  excep- 
  

   tional 
  cases, 
  quite 
  absent 
  (e.g., 
  a 
  specimen 
  from 
  Frankfort-on-Main). 
  

   It 
  not 
  rarely 
  occurs 
  that 
  the 
  dots 
  in 
  the 
  fringe, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  those 
  

   before 
  the 
  fissure, 
  are 
  different 
  on 
  the 
  right 
  and 
  left 
  wings; 
  an 
  

   example 
  in 
  my 
  collection, 
  taken 
  at 
  Immenstadt, 
  has 
  a 
  distinct 
  brown 
  

   line 
  in 
  the 
  fringe 
  of 
  the 
  right 
  lower 
  lobe, 
  but 
  two 
  distinct 
  dots 
  in 
  

   the 
  left 
  one. 
  The 
  same 
  is 
  the 
  case 
  in 
  an 
  example 
  received 
  by 
  Dr. 
  

   Eebel, 
  from 
  Tegel, 
  as 
  S. 
  paludicola, 
  in 
  which 
  a 
  distinct 
  brown 
  line 
  

   is 
  present 
  at 
  the 
  apex 
  of 
  the 
  left 
  lower 
  lobe, 
  whilst, 
  in 
  the 
  right, 
  this 
  

   line 
  is 
  divided 
  by 
  a 
  rather 
  broad 
  whitish 
  space 
  into 
  two 
  large 
  dots." 
  

   Eebel 
  notes 
  the 
  specimens 
  from 
  Sophia 
  as 
  being 
  unusually 
  large. 
  

   This 
  species, 
  like 
  others 
  already 
  noted, 
  extends 
  into 
  North 
  America, 
  

   having 
  been 
  taken 
  (teste 
  Fernald) 
  in 
  the 
  New 
  York 
  State. 
  His 
  descrip- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  the 
  American 
  form 
  (Pter. 
  ]Slth. 
  Amer., 
  p. 
  58) 
  reads 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  

  

  Forewings 
  reddish-brown 
  ; 
  the 
  entire 
  costa, 
  and 
  the 
  apex 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  lobe, 
  

   heavily 
  sprinkled 
  with 
  dark 
  brown 
  scales 
  ; 
  a 
  dark 
  brown 
  reniform 
  spot 
  at 
  base 
  of 
  

   fissure 
  ; 
  fringes 
  ashy-brown, 
  with 
  a 
  very 
  pale 
  line 
  at 
  their 
  bases. 
  Hindwings 
  

   fuscous, 
  with 
  ashy-brown 
  fringes. 
  

  

  Zeller 
  describes 
  five 
  forms 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  (Linn. 
  Ent., 
  vi., 
  p. 
  371), 
  riz: 
  

  

  (1) 
  Alis 
  anterioribus 
  fuscescenti-luteis, 
  juxta 
  costam 
  obscurioribus, 
  dorso 
  late 
  

   gilvescente, 
  puncto 
  gemino 
  fusco 
  ad 
  fissurarn, 
  costae 
  totius 
  linea 
  externa 
  angustis- 
  

   sima 
  albida 
  ; 
  ciliis 
  digiti 
  tertii 
  breviusculis 
  ( 
  c? 
  ? 
  ). 
  

  

  (2) 
  Var. 
  a. 
  — 
  In 
  ciliis 
  puncto 
  uno 
  ad 
  angulum 
  internum 
  lacinios 
  anterioris, 
  

   duobus 
  ad 
  apicem 
  lacinise 
  posterioris 
  nigris, 
  distinctts; 
  major. 
  

  

  (3^ 
  Var. 
  b. 
  — 
  Ut 
  a, 
  sed 
  litura 
  longitudinali 
  fusca 
  obsoleta 
  in 
  lacinia 
  anteriore. 
  

  

  (4) 
  Var. 
  c. 
  — 
  In 
  ciliis 
  puncto 
  uno 
  elongato 
  duobusve 
  ad 
  angulum 
  internum 
  

   lacinise 
  anterioris, 
  linea 
  circa 
  apicem 
  lacinia? 
  posterioris 
  fuscis 
  obsoletis 
  ; 
  minor. 
  

  

  (5) 
  Var. 
  d. 
  — 
  Ut 
  b, 
  sed 
  strigula 
  obsoleta 
  canescente 
  in 
  lacinia 
  anteriore. 
  

  

  Of 
  these, 
  vars. 
  c 
  and 
  d 
  are, 
  by 
  common 
  consent, 
  referred 
  to 
  the 
  form 
  (or 
  

   species) 
  paludicola, 
  Wallgrn. 
  (see 
  posted,). 
  Zeller 
  himself 
  writes 
  (Linn. 
  

   Ent., 
  vi., 
  pp. 
  371 
  et 
  seq.) 
  that 
  " 
  it 
  is 
  probable 
  that 
  the 
  vars. 
  c 
  and 
  d 
  

   (to 
  which 
  possibly 
  also 
  the 
  var. 
  p 
  of 
  Haworth 
  belongs) 
  an 
  1 
  specifically 
  

   distinct 
  from 
  fuscits. 
  The 
  latter, 
  including 
  vars. 
  a 
  and 
  />, 
  is 
  of 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  

   mictodactyluH, 
  and 
  is, 
  therefore, 
  larger 
  than 
  serotinus 
  and 
  arid 
  us. 
  and 
  easily 
  

   recognised 
  by 
  its 
  fawn 
  colour, 
  and 
  the 
  white 
  edge 
  which 
  surrounds 
  the 
  

   outer 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  lobe. 
  Specimens 
  of 
  a 
  dull 
  brown 
  colour 
  come 
  

   near 
  the 
  somewhat 
  smaller 
  stigmatodactyla, 
  which 
  always 
  looks 
  paler 
  

   and 
  has 
  narrower 
  forewings 
  and 
  more 
  slender 
  lobes, 
  whilst 
  the 
  upper 
  

   black 
  spot 
  at 
  the 
  cleft 
  does 
  not 
  stand 
  vertically 
  over 
  the 
  lower, 
  as 
  in 
  

   fuscus, 
  but 
  at 
  an 
  angle 
  inwards 
  ; 
  the 
  discal 
  spots 
  also 
  are 
  sharper, 
  and 
  

   the 
  white 
  margin, 
  as 
  a 
  rule, 
  surrounds 
  the 
  apex 
  only, 
  and 
  does 
  not 
  

   extend 
  so 
  far 
  towards 
  the 
  base 
  as 
  in 
  fuscus. 
  I\ 
  mannii 
  differs 
  from 
  

   fuscus 
  by 
  the 
  less 
  pointed 
  apex, 
  the 
  darker 
  colour 
  of 
  the 
  costa] 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  