﻿MARASMARCHA 
  LUN^DACTYLA. 
  897 
  

  

  lithodactyla, 
  the 
  upper 
  in 
  line 
  behind, 
  iii, 
  and 
  the 
  lower 
  behind 
  iv 
  and 
  

   v, 
  are 
  represented 
  by 
  large 
  single-haired 
  tubercles 
  ; 
  vi 
  and 
  vii 
  are 
  also 
  

   present. 
  If 
  the 
  dark 
  ring 
  round 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  large 
  central 
  hairs 
  on 
  

   each 
  wart 
  may 
  be 
  taken 
  as 
  a 
  proof 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  identifiable 
  with 
  the 
  

   primitive 
  setse, 
  around 
  which 
  the 
  large 
  wart, 
  bearing 
  numerous 
  

   secondary 
  hairs, 
  has 
  developed, 
  and 
  I 
  think 
  that 
  such 
  an 
  assumption 
  

   is 
  not 
  unwarranted, 
  we 
  have, 
  in 
  this 
  species, 
  an 
  excellent 
  clue 
  to 
  the 
  

   identification 
  of 
  the 
  primary 
  from 
  the 
  secondary 
  warts 
  in 
  the 
  other 
  

   species. 
  Tubercles 
  i 
  and 
  ii, 
  on 
  abdominal 
  segments, 
  both 
  bear 
  one 
  large, 
  

   central, 
  dark-based 
  hair 
  ; 
  iii 
  also 
  bears 
  one, 
  and 
  the 
  large 
  oval 
  sub- 
  

   spiracular 
  bears 
  two 
  ; 
  iv 
  and 
  v, 
  separate 
  as 
  regards 
  their 
  bases, 
  both 
  form 
  

   members 
  of 
  one 
  large 
  group 
  mounted 
  on 
  a 
  single 
  wart 
  ; 
  vi 
  has 
  one, 
  

   and 
  vii 
  (the 
  marginal) 
  three, 
  black-based, 
  hairs. 
  The 
  secondary 
  hairs 
  

   above 
  referred 
  to 
  are 
  not 
  black-based, 
  while, 
  on 
  the 
  meso- 
  and 
  meta- 
  

   thorax, 
  there 
  are 
  two 
  black-based 
  hairs 
  on 
  each 
  of 
  the 
  anterior 
  tubercles 
  

   described 
  above 
  as 
  i. 
  This 
  points 
  to 
  the 
  probability 
  of 
  the 
  smaller 
  

   posterior 
  wart 
  on 
  the 
  other 
  species 
  being 
  secondary 
  warts, 
  the 
  

   anterior 
  containing 
  both 
  the 
  primary 
  hairs 
  within 
  its 
  limits. 
  One 
  

   would, 
  of 
  course, 
  prefer 
  to 
  see 
  all 
  the 
  larva? 
  in 
  their 
  first 
  skins 
  before 
  

   considering 
  this 
  point 
  as 
  definitely 
  settled 
  (Bacot, 
  June 
  18th, 
  1899). 
  

   Fullgrown 
  : 
  Deep 
  apple-green 
  in 
  colour, 
  with 
  a 
  dirty 
  look, 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  dark 
  

   hairs, 
  and 
  especially 
  the 
  dark 
  skin-points 
  ; 
  10mm. 
  -12mm. 
  long, 
  or 
  more 
  

   if 
  stretched, 
  tapering 
  at 
  each 
  end. 
  Secondary 
  hairs 
  are 
  abundant, 
  but 
  r 
  

   when 
  examined, 
  skin-hairs 
  are 
  found 
  not 
  to 
  be 
  so 
  plentiful 
  as 
  at 
  first 
  

   glance 
  appeared. 
  The 
  tubercles 
  have 
  very 
  large 
  primary 
  hairs, 
  e.g., 
  

   that 
  on 
  ii, 
  on 
  the 
  forward 
  abdominal 
  segments, 
  is 
  2mm. 
  long, 
  and 
  the 
  

   tubercles 
  have 
  well-developed 
  basal 
  plates. 
  The 
  primary 
  hairs 
  are 
  

   always 
  very 
  distinct, 
  then 
  there 
  are 
  one 
  or 
  two 
  large 
  secondary 
  hairs 
  

   well 
  up 
  on 
  the 
  plate, 
  from 
  0-5mm.-0-7mm. 
  long, 
  and 
  then, 
  more 
  

   towards 
  the 
  margin 
  of 
  the 
  plate, 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  smaller 
  hairs 
  ; 
  then, 
  beyond 
  

   the 
  plate, 
  are 
  often 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  skin-hairs 
  that 
  are 
  still 
  smaller, 
  but 
  

   look 
  rather 
  as 
  if 
  they 
  were 
  dependants 
  of 
  the 
  tubercle 
  or 
  wart 
  rather 
  than 
  

   independent 
  skin-hairs. 
  Then 
  there 
  are 
  the 
  two 
  secondary 
  or 
  skin- 
  

   hairs 
  behind 
  the 
  spiracle 
  (one 
  a 
  little 
  above 
  spiracle, 
  one 
  a 
  little 
  below 
  

   iv 
  + 
  v) 
  that 
  must 
  be 
  differentiated 
  from 
  skin-hairs, 
  so 
  that 
  there 
  remain, 
  

   as 
  genuine 
  skin-hairs, 
  about 
  sixteen 
  across 
  the 
  dorsum 
  of 
  an 
  abdominal 
  

   segment 
  from 
  spiracle 
  to 
  spiracle. 
  The 
  hairs 
  of 
  iv, 
  vi, 
  and 
  vii 
  are 
  still 
  

   pointed 
  ; 
  the 
  remainder 
  (of 
  the 
  primaries) 
  are 
  all 
  expanded 
  at 
  tips. 
  

   The 
  secondaries 
  are 
  all 
  markedly 
  expanded 
  apicaily, 
  the 
  smallest, 
  down 
  

   to 
  # 
  12mm. 
  or 
  even 
  O'lnim. 
  in 
  length, 
  being 
  as 
  markedly 
  so 
  as 
  any. 
  

   The 
  hairs 
  are 
  nearly 
  all 
  pale, 
  the 
  tubercular 
  base 
  dark. 
  On 
  the 
  pro- 
  

   thoracic 
  plate 
  are 
  only 
  the 
  six 
  usual 
  hairs, 
  no 
  secondaries, 
  and 
  the 
  

   dark 
  patch 
  towards 
  outer 
  end 
  ; 
  the 
  spiracle 
  large, 
  conical 
  ; 
  three 
  long 
  

   hairs 
  on 
  tubercle 
  in 
  front, 
  and 
  two 
  on 
  that 
  above 
  spiracle 
  ; 
  there 
  are 
  

   three 
  or 
  four 
  very 
  small 
  skin-hairs 
  behind 
  plate, 
  and 
  as 
  many 
  more 
  

   below 
  spiracle. 
  On 
  the 
  mesothorax, 
  all 
  the 
  tubercles 
  have 
  secondary 
  

   hairs 
  (as 
  noted 
  above) 
  ; 
  the 
  accessory, 
  behind 
  the 
  third 
  p;iir, 
  has 
  one 
  

   secondary 
  hair 
  ; 
  there 
  are 
  three 
  hairs 
  in 
  something 
  of 
  a 
  row, 
  behind 
  

   the 
  first 
  tubercles, 
  these 
  are 
  large 
  (Ofmim.), 
  and 
  must 
  represent 
  the 
  

   accessory 
  tubercles 
  so 
  usual 
  here 
  in 
  Alucitids. 
  'There 
  is 
  a 
  much 
  less 
  

   tegular 
  group 
  of 
  small 
  secondaries, 
  on 
  the 
  same 
  point 
  of 
  metathorax, 
  

   that 
  are 
  obviously 
  more 
  than 
  ordinary 
  scattered 
  skin-hairs. 
  These 
  

   segments 
  have 
  about 
  eighteen 
  skin 
  -hairs 
  on 
  either 
  side, 
  apart 
  from 
  

  

  