﻿462 
  BRITISH 
  LEPIDOPTERA. 
  

  

  processes 
  terminating 
  in 
  two 
  points 
  directed 
  upwards 
  ; 
  at 
  the 
  bases 
  of 
  

   these 
  stand 
  two 
  white 
  bristles, 
  one 
  directed 
  forwards, 
  the 
  other 
  

   backwards. 
  The 
  thorn-like 
  process 
  of 
  the 
  4th 
  abdominal 
  segment 
  

   has 
  the 
  longest 
  points, 
  and 
  also 
  a 
  third 
  small 
  point 
  directed 
  backwards; 
  

   the 
  abdominal 
  segments 
  5-9 
  bear 
  similar 
  thorn-like 
  processes, 
  which, 
  

   however, 
  gradually 
  become 
  smaller 
  towards 
  the 
  anal 
  end. 
  The 
  thorn- 
  

   like 
  process 
  of 
  the 
  5th 
  abdominal 
  segment 
  sometimes 
  also 
  exhibits 
  a 
  

   third 
  very 
  small 
  point 
  directed 
  backwards. 
  The 
  nervures 
  of 
  the 
  wing- 
  

   cases 
  do 
  not 
  carry 
  bristles 
  (Hofmann. 
  Described 
  from 
  pupi 
  received 
  

   from 
  Hinneberg, 
  of 
  Potsdam). 
  Length 
  9mm. 
  Abdomen 
  cylindrical 
  ; 
  

   thorax 
  somewhat 
  compressed 
  dorsally. 
  Pupa 
  looks 
  very 
  hairy, 
  the 
  

   result 
  of 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  hairs, 
  for 
  it 
  possesses 
  only 
  the 
  primary 
  

   tubercular 
  hairs 
  (and 
  apparently 
  all 
  of 
  these), 
  but 
  no 
  secondaries, 
  

   either 
  on 
  the 
  tubercles 
  or 
  skin-surface. 
  The 
  colour 
  is 
  pale, 
  so 
  that, 
  in 
  life, 
  

   it 
  had 
  no 
  markings, 
  and 
  was 
  pale 
  green 
  (appendages 
  darker) 
  or 
  ochreous. 
  

   The 
  dorsal 
  flanges 
  (head 
  to 
  3rd 
  abdominal 
  segment) 
  are 
  well 
  developed, 
  

   and, 
  on 
  the 
  abdominal 
  segments 
  (1-8), 
  are 
  tall 
  processes, 
  carrying 
  i 
  and 
  

   ii. 
  They 
  are 
  tallest 
  on 
  1-3, 
  where 
  they 
  arise 
  from 
  the 
  flange. 
  They 
  are 
  

   compressed 
  laterally, 
  rise 
  with 
  a 
  simple 
  pedestal, 
  and 
  then 
  divide 
  into 
  

   two 
  sharp 
  spines, 
  one 
  curved 
  forwards, 
  the 
  other 
  backwards. 
  On 
  the 
  

   1st 
  and 
  2nd 
  abdominal 
  segments 
  the 
  hairs 
  arise 
  from 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  

   pedestal, 
  behind 
  this 
  i 
  arises 
  from 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  front 
  spine, 
  and 
  ii 
  

   from 
  a 
  little 
  lower- 
  — 
  i 
  directly 
  in 
  front, 
  ii 
  a 
  little 
  on 
  the 
  outside 
  of 
  the 
  

   column. 
  The 
  columns 
  on 
  the 
  3rd, 
  4th, 
  and 
  5th 
  abdominal 
  segments 
  

   have 
  a 
  subsidiary 
  small 
  spine 
  on 
  the 
  back 
  of 
  the 
  posterior 
  one, 
  the 
  8th 
  

   has 
  only 
  one 
  (the 
  anterior) 
  spine. 
  The 
  lengths 
  of 
  these 
  spines, 
  the 
  

   thickness 
  of 
  the 
  pupa 
  at 
  the 
  4th 
  abdominal 
  segment 
  being 
  about 
  

   l-4mm., 
  are, 
  on 
  the 
  1st 
  abdominal, 
  042mrn. 
  ; 
  on 
  2nd, 
  0-48mm. 
  ; 
  

   on 
  3rd, 
  070mm. 
  ; 
  on 
  4th, 
  0'57mm. 
  ; 
  on 
  5th, 
  0'54mm. 
  ; 
  on 
  6th, 
  

   0-51mm. 
  ; 
  on 
  7th, 
  0-54mm. 
  ; 
  on 
  8th, 
  0-42mm. 
  The 
  hairs 
  are 
  longest 
  

   in 
  front 
  (i) 
  on 
  the 
  forward 
  spines, 
  behind 
  (ii) 
  on 
  the 
  posterior, 
  the 
  

   longest 
  are 
  all 
  but 
  a 
  millimetre 
  in 
  length, 
  the 
  shortest 
  (in 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  

   7th 
  and 
  8th 
  abdominals) 
  026mm., 
  and 
  O30mm. 
  The 
  termination 
  of 
  

   the 
  dorsal 
  flange 
  on 
  the 
  3rd 
  abdominal 
  is 
  well 
  illustrated 
  by 
  the 
  spine 
  

   on 
  that 
  segment 
  being 
  undercut 
  behind, 
  all 
  the 
  others 
  spreading 
  in 
  

   both 
  directions, 
  but 
  this 
  one 
  cannot 
  do 
  so, 
  its 
  large 
  size 
  being 
  assisted 
  

   in 
  front 
  by 
  the 
  flange, 
  but 
  not 
  behind. 
  On 
  the 
  thorax 
  the 
  ridge 
  

   carries 
  a 
  hair 
  (l-15mm.) 
  at 
  the 
  anterior 
  margin 
  of 
  the 
  metathorax; 
  on 
  

   top 
  of 
  the 
  mesothorax 
  are 
  two 
  spines, 
  0-15mm. 
  high 
  and 
  014mm. 
  

   apart, 
  one 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  other 
  ; 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  these 
  a 
  hair 
  (curved 
  

   forward) 
  .about 
  1mm. 
  long, 
  and 
  a 
  little 
  further 
  forward 
  another. 
  

   There 
  are 
  sundry 
  other 
  lateral 
  hairs 
  on 
  the 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  pupa. 
  

   Tubercle 
  iii 
  carries 
  a 
  long 
  hair 
  (about 
  1-Omm.), 
  flowing 
  outwards 
  and 
  

   backwards 
  on 
  all 
  the 
  abdominal 
  segments 
  (1-8). 
  Those 
  on 
  tubercles 
  iv 
  and 
  

   v 
  are 
  remarkable 
  ; 
  they 
  are 
  on 
  a 
  slightly 
  raised 
  base, 
  that 
  on 
  iv 
  is 
  directed 
  

   backwards, 
  and 
  that 
  on 
  v 
  forwards, 
  with 
  a 
  curve 
  that 
  makes 
  the 
  ends 
  point 
  

   about 
  exactly 
  backwards 
  and 
  forwards, 
  and 
  the 
  ends, 
  unlike 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  

   other 
  hairs, 
  which 
  are 
  sharp, 
  are 
  thick 
  and 
  rounded, 
  the 
  two 
  together 
  

   looking 
  just 
  like 
  the 
  double 
  belaying-pin 
  for 
  fastening 
  ropes 
  and 
  cords; 
  

   they 
  are 
  short, 
  about 
  03mm. 
  Tubercle 
  vi 
  has 
  again 
  a 
  long 
  hair, 
  flowing 
  

   backwards, 
  and 
  vii 
  three 
  rather 
  shorter 
  hairs 
  ; 
  viiiis 
  not 
  detected, 
  nor 
  are 
  

   any 
  very 
  definite 
  scar 
  of 
  prolegs 
  seen. 
  The 
  face 
  carries 
  two 
  nose- 
  

   spines, 
  one 
  on 
  either 
  side. 
  These 
  are 
  lower 
  down 
  (more 
  ventral) 
  than 
  

  

  