﻿484 
  BKITISH 
  LEPIDOPTERA. 
  

  

  like 
  i 
  + 
  ii. 
  Behind 
  the 
  spiracle, 
  near 
  the 
  posterior 
  border, 
  is 
  a 
  very 
  

   definite 
  little 
  tubercle, 
  with 
  eight 
  or 
  ten 
  hairs, 
  none 
  of 
  which 
  have 
  the 
  

   characters 
  belonging 
  to 
  the 
  primaries 
  on 
  the 
  other 
  tubercles 
  ; 
  another 
  

   very 
  similar 
  tubercle 
  lies 
  immediately 
  below 
  this, 
  and 
  as 
  far 
  below 
  iv 
  

   -j-v 
  as 
  this 
  one 
  is 
  above 
  it 
  ; 
  vi 
  has 
  a 
  primary 
  hair 
  about 
  1-Omm. 
  

   long; 
  the 
  tubercle 
  itself 
  is 
  much 
  flatter 
  than 
  those 
  above, 
  and 
  has 
  seven 
  

   or 
  eight 
  typical 
  secondary 
  hairs, 
  but 
  none 
  of 
  the 
  pseudo-primary 
  as 
  in 
  

   i 
  + 
  ii. 
  The 
  general 
  surface 
  is 
  closely 
  set 
  with 
  skin-points; 
  these 
  are 
  

   almost 
  colourless, 
  so 
  that, 
  in 
  some 
  lights, 
  it 
  is 
  difficult 
  to 
  believe 
  they 
  

   are 
  not 
  little 
  pits 
  ; 
  there 
  are, 
  also, 
  very 
  numerous 
  minute, 
  white, 
  

   secondary 
  hairs, 
  finely 
  swollen, 
  and 
  bifid 
  at 
  tips; 
  their 
  length 
  is 
  about 
  

   Olmm., 
  but 
  some 
  are 
  nearly 
  0-17mm.;they 
  are 
  disposed 
  at 
  a 
  consider- 
  

   able 
  distance 
  from 
  the 
  tubercle, 
  leaving 
  a 
  free 
  surface 
  round 
  each, 
  so 
  

   that 
  they 
  may 
  be 
  said 
  to 
  lie 
  along 
  the 
  borders 
  of 
  the 
  segments, 
  and,, 
  

   from 
  these, 
  form 
  transverse 
  rows 
  between 
  the 
  tubercles. 
  The 
  

   prothoracic 
  plate 
  is 
  crowded 
  with 
  secondary 
  hairs 
  of 
  all 
  lengths, 
  

   but 
  the 
  usual 
  six 
  long 
  hairs 
  on 
  each 
  side 
  can 
  be 
  distinguished; 
  

   one 
  specimen 
  has 
  a 
  well-developed 
  tubercle, 
  almost 
  a 
  wart, 
  with 
  

   long 
  hair, 
  behind 
  the 
  1st 
  tubercle 
  on 
  mesothorax, 
  whilst 
  another 
  is 
  

   without 
  it 
  ; 
  this 
  is 
  wanting 
  on 
  the 
  metathorax. 
  On 
  the 
  mesothorax, 
  

   i 
  has 
  two 
  primary 
  hairs 
  ; 
  on 
  the 
  metathorax 
  it 
  has 
  apparently 
  

   only 
  one, 
  ii 
  and 
  iii 
  each 
  have 
  two. 
  The 
  head 
  ochreous, 
  with 
  

   darker 
  markings. 
  The 
  legs 
  pale. 
  The 
  prolegs 
  on 
  long 
  props, 
  ending 
  

   in 
  a 
  bulbous 
  extremity 
  with 
  five 
  hooks, 
  omitting 
  outer 
  quadrant 
  

   (Chapman. 
  June 
  8th, 
  1904). 
  Quiescent 
  stage 
  preceding 
  pupation 
  : 
  The 
  

   segments 
  very 
  deeply 
  cut 
  at 
  incisions, 
  no 
  subsegments 
  apparent; 
  larva 
  

   has 
  an 
  Arctiid 
  appearance, 
  owing 
  to 
  tall 
  many- 
  haired 
  warts. 
  Spiracles 
  

   tall, 
  rims 
  raised 
  into 
  tubes, 
  as 
  usual, 
  pale 
  brown. 
  In 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  

   hairs 
  on 
  raised 
  warts, 
  many 
  secondary 
  hairs 
  are 
  present 
  on 
  general 
  

   skin-area 
  (Note. 
  This 
  is 
  a 
  feature 
  not 
  developed 
  at 
  all 
  in 
  Porrittia 
  

   galactodactyla, 
  Alucita 
  pentadactyla, 
  Ovendenia 
  septodactyla 
  (lienigianus), 
  

   and 
  Oidaematophorus 
  litlwdactyla), 
  and 
  also 
  a 
  coat 
  of 
  spicules, 
  of 
  the 
  

   same 
  colour 
  as 
  the 
  general 
  skin- 
  surface 
  ; 
  the 
  warts 
  on 
  the 
  abdominal 
  

   segments, 
  are 
  placed 
  as 
  a 
  single 
  transverse 
  row, 
  or 
  ring, 
  round 
  each 
  

   segment 
  ; 
  i 
  and 
  ii 
  carry 
  dark- 
  based 
  hairs 
  placed 
  with 
  other 
  hairs 
  on 
  a 
  

   single 
  wart 
  ; 
  iii, 
  a 
  single 
  dark-based 
  hair 
  on 
  a 
  wart 
  with 
  other 
  hairs 
  ; 
  

   iv-fv, 
  with 
  two 
  dark 
  hairs, 
  in 
  a 
  large 
  many-haired 
  wart, 
  and 
  vi 
  and 
  

   vii 
  as 
  in 
  Marasmarcha 
  lunaedactyla. 
  The 
  posterior 
  lateral 
  warts 
  

   (secondary) 
  are 
  well-developed 
  on 
  meso- 
  and 
  metathoracic 
  segments 
  ; 
  

   the 
  dark-based 
  hairs 
  (? 
  i 
  and 
  ii) 
  combined 
  within 
  the 
  limits 
  of 
  a 
  single 
  

   large 
  wart 
  ; 
  the 
  primary 
  hairs 
  are 
  long 
  and 
  thorny, 
  secondaries 
  and 
  

   smaller 
  wart-hairs 
  are 
  shorter 
  and 
  glandular, 
  enlarging 
  at 
  tip, 
  as 
  in 
  

   M. 
  lunaedactyla, 
  all 
  hairs 
  white. 
  Prolegs 
  of 
  the 
  usual 
  long 
  and 
  

   slender 
  description. 
  (Bacot. 
  June 
  18th, 
  1899). 
  

  

  Pupation. 
  — 
  The 
  larva, 
  when 
  fullfed, 
  descends 
  to 
  just 
  below 
  where 
  

   it 
  has 
  bitten 
  the 
  stem 
  halfway 
  through, 
  and, 
  attaching 
  itself 
  by 
  the 
  

   anal 
  segment, 
  changes 
  to 
  a 
  pupa 
  with 
  the 
  head 
  downwards 
  ; 
  the 
  stem 
  

   to 
  which 
  it 
  is 
  attached 
  is 
  very 
  short 
  and 
  stiff, 
  and 
  the 
  pupa 
  is 
  

   usually 
  well 
  protected 
  by 
  the 
  taller 
  plants 
  that 
  have 
  covered 
  it 
  

   (Greening). 
  The 
  larvae 
  of 
  Capperia 
  heterodactyla 
  occasionally 
  pupate 
  

   on 
  the 
  plant 
  on 
  which 
  they 
  have 
  fed 
  up, 
  outside 
  the 
  feeding 
  area, 
  

   but 
  not 
  generally, 
  I 
  think, 
  although 
  the 
  habit 
  seems 
  a 
  common 
  one 
  

   in 
  confinement 
  (Atmore). 
  The 
  pupal 
  state 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  assumed, 
  

   under 
  any 
  convenient 
  object, 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  ground, 
  as 
  the 
  hairy 
  pupa 
  is 
  

  

  