﻿504 
  BRITISH 
  LEPIDOPTERA. 
  

  

  black 
  frass, 
  about 
  twice 
  as 
  bulky 
  as 
  the 
  larva, 
  accumulating 
  in 
  some 
  

   instances. 
  All 
  being 
  well 
  with 
  the 
  foodplant, 
  the 
  larva 
  has 
  no 
  tendency 
  

   to 
  move 
  until 
  the 
  time 
  for 
  pupation 
  arrives. 
  These 
  detailed 
  notes 
  on 
  

   the 
  progress 
  of 
  individual 
  larvae 
  were 
  much 
  broken 
  up, 
  and 
  rendered 
  

   of 
  little 
  use, 
  by 
  the 
  way 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  larvae 
  succeeded 
  in 
  hiding 
  them- 
  

   selves, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  by 
  cases 
  of 
  wandering 
  away 
  to 
  another 
  plant, 
  really 
  

   getting 
  lost, 
  etc. 
  This 
  occurred 
  with 
  single 
  larvae, 
  each 
  on 
  a 
  separate 
  

   plant. 
  In 
  several 
  cases 
  I 
  gave 
  up 
  the 
  larva 
  for 
  lost, 
  but 
  it 
  duly 
  

   reappeared 
  again. 
  These 
  facts 
  apply 
  mostly 
  to 
  the 
  youngest 
  larvae, 
  and 
  

   are 
  the 
  ground 
  for 
  my 
  suspicion 
  that, 
  in 
  the 
  autumnal 
  larvae, 
  I 
  may 
  

   have 
  been 
  wrong 
  in 
  thinking 
  they 
  all 
  fed 
  only 
  in 
  the 
  centre 
  of 
  the 
  

   plant, 
  though 
  the 
  extrusion 
  of 
  frass 
  there, 
  in 
  one 
  instance 
  observed, 
  

   could 
  only 
  be 
  compatible 
  with 
  the 
  larva 
  being 
  ensconced 
  amongst 
  the 
  

   leaf-buds 
  of 
  the 
  central 
  rosette. 
  These 
  notes 
  refer 
  frequently 
  to 
  the 
  

   young 
  larvae 
  (first 
  and 
  second 
  instars) 
  eating 
  especially 
  the 
  glands, 
  the 
  

   leaves 
  themselves 
  being 
  attacked 
  only 
  by 
  the 
  older 
  ones 
  (in 
  third 
  and 
  

   fourth 
  instars). 
  It 
  is 
  also 
  noted 
  that 
  the 
  larvae 
  eat 
  their 
  cast 
  skins. 
  

   As 
  to 
  one 
  larva, 
  it 
  is 
  described 
  as 
  very 
  green 
  and 
  yellow, 
  with 
  no 
  red 
  

   except 
  the 
  dorsal 
  tubercle, 
  and 
  that 
  it 
  was 
  on 
  a 
  rather 
  pale 
  plant 
  of 
  

   Drosera, 
  surrounded 
  by 
  plenty 
  of 
  Sphagnum. 
  The 
  identity 
  of 
  their 
  

   schemes 
  of 
  colour 
  with 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  plants, 
  or 
  leaves, 
  they 
  were 
  on, 
  is 
  

   several 
  times 
  referred 
  to 
  (Chapman). 
  

  

  Larva. 
  — 
  The 
  larva 
  appears 
  to 
  have 
  four 
  instars. 
  In 
  the 
  first 
  

   instar 
  it 
  is 
  without 
  tubercle 
  vi, 
  and 
  without 
  skin-points. 
  In 
  the 
  second 
  

   instar 
  it 
  acquires 
  these, 
  and 
  i 
  and 
  ii 
  acquire 
  a 
  common 
  chitinous 
  base. 
  

   There 
  are 
  no 
  secondary 
  hairs. 
  At 
  this 
  stage 
  it 
  hybernate3, 
  in 
  the 
  

   autumnal 
  brood. 
  In 
  the 
  third 
  instar 
  it 
  acquires 
  a 
  small 
  number 
  of 
  

   secondary 
  tubercular 
  hairs, 
  making 
  the 
  tubercles 
  into 
  warts. 
  In 
  the 
  

   fourth 
  instar 
  it 
  differs 
  from 
  the 
  third 
  in 
  the 
  secondary 
  hairs 
  being 
  more 
  

   numerous, 
  but 
  there 
  do 
  not 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  any 
  secondary 
  hairs 
  on 
  the 
  

   general 
  skin-surface; 
  vi 
  remains 
  a 
  solitary 
  hair, 
  and 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  indica- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  secondary 
  tubercles, 
  either 
  on 
  the 
  thorax, 
  or 
  behind 
  the 
  spiracles 
  

   on 
  the 
  abdomen 
  ; 
  i 
  and 
  ii 
  form 
  one 
  compound 
  wart, 
  though 
  the 
  two 
  

   primary 
  hairs 
  are 
  quite 
  distinct. 
  The 
  prolegs 
  have 
  six 
  and 
  seven 
  

   crochets. 
  Autumnal 
  to 
  spring 
  larva. 
  — 
  First 
  instar 
  (newly-hatched, 
  

   ? 
  September 
  6th, 
  1904) 
  : 
  The 
  newly-hatched 
  larva 
  is 
  fully 
  1mm. 
  in 
  

   length, 
  when 
  stretched 
  out. 
  Head, 
  prothorax, 
  and 
  anal 
  plate, 
  dark, 
  but 
  

   not 
  black; 
  hairs 
  and 
  bases 
  dark, 
  the 
  rest 
  white 
  or 
  colourless. 
  Tubercles 
  

   i 
  and 
  ii 
  are 
  distinct 
  from 
  each 
  other, 
  but 
  very 
  close 
  together, 
  i 
  very 
  

   small, 
  hair 
  about 
  one-sixth 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  that 
  of 
  ii, 
  which 
  is 
  about 
  

   0*06mm. 
  long 
  ; 
  both 
  incline 
  backwards. 
  The 
  corresponding 
  hairs 
  on 
  

   the 
  2nd 
  and 
  3rd 
  thoracic, 
  and 
  the 
  9th 
  and 
  10th 
  abdominal, 
  segments 
  

   are 
  no 
  less 
  than 
  0-20mm., 
  0-23mm., 
  0'40mm., 
  and 
  0-20mm. 
  long, 
  

   respectively, 
  that 
  on 
  the 
  9th 
  abdominal 
  segment 
  being, 
  in 
  fact, 
  as 
  long 
  

   as 
  half 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  larva, 
  when 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  extended 
  ; 
  iii 
  is 
  about 
  

   0*17mm. 
  long, 
  and 
  is 
  directed 
  forwards; 
  tubercles 
  iv 
  and 
  v 
  are 
  on 
  

   distinct 
  bases, 
  but 
  very 
  close 
  together, 
  rather 
  more 
  on 
  a 
  level 
  than 
  

   usual 
  [the 
  contrary, 
  for 
  example, 
  of 
  Amblyptilia 
  cosmodactyla 
  (acantho- 
  

   dactyla)] 
  , 
  the 
  front 
  hair 
  0-06mm., 
  posterior 
  0*18mm., 
  long. 
  A 
  long 
  way 
  

   below, 
  about 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  segment, 
  are 
  two 
  hairs, 
  one 
  about 
  047mm. 
  

   long, 
  and 
  the 
  other, 
  below 
  and 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  it, 
  about 
  0-lmm. 
  ; 
  vi 
  appears 
  

   to 
  be 
  absent, 
  and 
  there 
  are 
  two 
  of 
  the 
  three 
  hairs 
  of 
  vii. 
  On 
  the 
  pro- 
  

   thoracic 
  plate, 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  three 
  usual 
  front 
  hairs 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  absent, 
  

  

  