﻿ADKINIA 
  GRAPHODACTYLA. 
  

  

  523 
  

  

  the 
  costa, 
  and 
  is 
  continued 
  usually 
  in 
  two 
  very 
  distinct 
  white 
  spots 
  on 
  

   the 
  lower 
  lobe, 
  while, 
  in 
  the 
  type, 
  these 
  spots 
  on 
  the 
  lower 
  lobe 
  only 
  

   occur 
  very 
  rarely. 
  The 
  outer 
  marginal 
  fringes 
  of 
  the 
  lobes 
  have, 
  as 
  

   in 
  the 
  type, 
  a 
  connected 
  dark 
  brown 
  basal 
  line, 
  which, 
  however, 
  is 
  

   sometimes 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  lobe, 
  more 
  rarely, 
  also, 
  on 
  the 
  lower 
  lobe, 
  cut 
  

   through 
  once 
  or 
  twice 
  with 
  pale 
  colour, 
  or 
  is 
  much 
  fainter 
  in 
  places." 
  

   He 
  adds 
  that 
  " 
  this 
  variety 
  seems 
  up 
  to 
  the 
  present 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  but 
  

   little 
  noticed, 
  and 
  that 
  it, 
  therefore, 
  probably 
  has 
  a 
  wider 
  area 
  of 
  

   distribution 
  than 
  is 
  at 
  present 
  suspected." 
  

  

  Comparison 
  with 
  allied 
  species. 
  — 
  Although 
  Chapman 
  notes 
  (in 
  

   litt.) 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  very 
  little 
  difference 
  in 
  the 
  genitalia 
  of 
  A. 
  

   zophodactylus, 
  A. 
  coprodactylus, 
  and 
  A. 
  var. 
  pneumonanthe, 
  yet 
  to 
  

   us 
  the 
  imaginal 
  facies 
  of 
  these 
  insects 
  seem 
  entirely 
  different 
  

   (see 
  pis. 
  ii. 
  and 
  iii., 
  antea 
  p. 
  317). 
  A. 
  graphodactyla 
  var. 
  pneu- 
  

   monanthes 
  is, 
  in 
  the 
  outline 
  of 
  the 
  forewing, 
  especially 
  the 
  apex 
  

   and 
  outer-margin, 
  the 
  character 
  of 
  its 
  dark 
  markings, 
  and 
  the 
  trans- 
  

   verse 
  lobal 
  lines, 
  peculiarly 
  Platyptiliid, 
  and 
  very 
  different 
  from 
  its 
  more 
  

   slender 
  and 
  pointed-winged 
  allies, 
  and 
  one 
  suspects 
  that 
  Hofmann 
  is 
  

   not 
  really 
  far 
  wrong 
  in 
  his 
  separation 
  of 
  this 
  from 
  the 
  allied 
  grey 
  

   Stenoptiliid 
  species. 
  The 
  nearest 
  ally 
  to 
  this 
  species 
  is, 
  Chapman 
  thinks, 
  

   A. 
  coprodactylus. 
  So 
  near 
  is 
  it 
  that 
  Chapman 
  is 
  inclined 
  to 
  consider 
  the 
  

   two 
  insects 
  to 
  have 
  scarcely 
  reached 
  specific 
  rank. 
  He 
  writes 
  (in 
  

   litt.) 
  : 
  "Adhinia 
  graphodactyla 
  is 
  probably 
  very 
  closely 
  allied 
  to 
  Adkinia 
  

   zophodactylus, 
  although 
  each 
  falls 
  into 
  a 
  different 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  two 
  

   divisions, 
  that 
  Hofmann 
  makes 
  of 
  the 
  genus, 
  founded 
  on 
  the 
  absence 
  

   of 
  the 
  pale 
  space 
  separating 
  the 
  double 
  spot 
  from 
  the 
  division 
  of 
  the 
  

   forewing. 
  That 
  this 
  distinction 
  is 
  of 
  no 
  great 
  validity 
  is 
  obvious 
  from 
  

   the 
  circumstance 
  that, 
  of 
  two 
  of 
  Mr. 
  Mathew's 
  specimens 
  before 
  me, 
  

   one 
  has, 
  on 
  one 
  side, 
  the 
  dark 
  fringe 
  at 
  the 
  bottom 
  of 
  the 
  cleft 
  

   connected 
  by 
  black 
  scales 
  with 
  the 
  spots, 
  whilst 
  of 
  two 
  A. 
  coprodactylus 
  

   taken 
  at 
  random 
  from 
  those 
  I 
  have 
  secured 
  abroad, 
  one 
  from 
  Fusio 
  has 
  

   a 
  large 
  black 
  patch 
  at 
  the 
  cleft 
  containing 
  some 
  white 
  scales 
  in 
  a 
  little 
  

   line, 
  which 
  is 
  all 
  that 
  is 
  left 
  to 
  represent 
  the 
  white 
  band 
  separating 
  

   the 
  two 
  dots 
  from 
  the 
  cleft." 
  He 
  then 
  adds 
  : 
  " 
  My 
  own 
  belief 
  is, 
  that 
  

   all 
  the 
  gentian-feeding 
  Stenoptilias 
  are 
  one 
  species, 
  divided 
  into 
  many 
  

   races 
  (usually 
  distinguishable) 
  according 
  to 
  habitat 
  and 
  foodplant. 
  Of 
  

   these 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  admitted 
  that 
  zophodactylus 
  has 
  reached, 
  or 
  almost 
  

   reached, 
  specific 
  rank 
  ; 
  pneuinonanthes, 
  also, 
  is 
  a 
  rather 
  distinct 
  form, 
  

   with 
  a 
  definite 
  foodplant, 
  Gentiana 
  pneumonanthe. 
  The 
  gigantic 
  

   (29mm.) 
  brilliantly-marked 
  form 
  of 
  coprodactylus 
  (/), 
  reared 
  from 
  larvffl 
  

   found 
  on 
  Gentiana 
  lutea, 
  at 
  Larche, 
  is 
  equally 
  deserving 
  of 
  subspecilic 
  

   rank 
  (an 
  ordinary 
  form 
  of 
  A. 
  coprodactylus, 
  which 
  must 
  feed 
  on 
  

   Gentiana 
  verna 
  or 
  G. 
  acaulis, 
  is 
  common 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  locality, 
  and 
  

   probably 
  not 
  syngamic 
  with 
  it) 
  ; 
  the 
  ordinary 
  form 
  of 
  coprodactylus 
  is 
  

   usually 
  distinguishable 
  easily, 
  but 
  varies 
  in 
  many 
  features 
  towards 
  

   graphodactyla," 
  Chapman 
  finally 
  notes 
  : 
  " 
  The 
  question, 
  of 
  course, 
  

   of 
  what 
  is 
  a 
  species, 
  arises. 
  In 
  this 
  case, 
  I 
  only 
  mean 
  to 
  suggest 
  that 
  

   these 
  are 
  all 
  very 
  close 
  together, 
  closer 
  than 
  we 
  usually 
  allow 
  distinct 
  

   species 
  to 
  be." 
  As 
  noted 
  above 
  we 
  consider 
  these 
  insects 
  to 
  be 
  

   specifically 
  distinct. 
  

  

  Habits 
  of 
  larva. 
  — 
  Hofmann 
  says 
  (Deutsch. 
  Pteroph., 
  p, 
  86) 
  that 
  

   "the 
  larva 
  of 
  S. 
  graphodactyla 
  lives, 
  according 
  to 
  Treitschke 
  and 
  Prey, 
  

   on 
  Gentiana 
  lutea, 
  in 
  June, 
  in 
  spun-together 
  leaves," 
  and 
  states 
  that 
  he 
  

   himself 
  found 
  the 
  larva 
  formerly 
  in 
  the 
  Allgau, 
  in 
  spun-together 
  shoots 
  

  

  