﻿532 
  BRITISH 
  LEPIDOPTERA. 
  

  

  resulting 
  moth, 
  even 
  when 
  quite 
  fresh, 
  was 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  perfect. 
  The 
  

   hindwing 
  extends 
  to 
  beyond 
  the 
  spiracle 
  of 
  the 
  2nd 
  abdominal 
  segment, 
  

   and, 
  though 
  looking 
  very 
  narrow, 
  being 
  curled 
  into 
  the 
  hollow, 
  is 
  

   really 
  fairly 
  wide, 
  very 
  nearly 
  0-2mm. 
  at 
  base, 
  the 
  forewing 
  being 
  about 
  

   0'8mm. 
  The 
  prothorax 
  has 
  two 
  hairs, 
  the 
  mesothorax 
  two 
  pairs, 
  the 
  

   metathorax 
  three, 
  that 
  might 
  represent 
  i, 
  ii, 
  and 
  iii. 
  The 
  1st 
  abdo- 
  

   minal 
  segment 
  has 
  tubercle 
  i 
  on 
  the 
  ridge 
  at 
  the 
  front 
  margin 
  of 
  the 
  

   segment, 
  ii 
  a 
  long 
  way 
  back 
  on 
  ridge; 
  the 
  2nd 
  abdominal 
  has 
  i 
  on 
  ridge, 
  

   about 
  middle 
  of 
  segment, 
  ii 
  on 
  ridge, 
  O'lmm. 
  behind 
  i, 
  iii 
  above 
  

   spiracle. 
  The 
  3rd 
  abdominal 
  segment 
  has 
  i 
  and 
  ii 
  much 
  closer 
  

   together, 
  iii 
  above, 
  and 
  then 
  iv 
  + 
  v 
  below, 
  spiracle. 
  The 
  following 
  

   segments, 
  4, 
  5, 
  6, 
  and 
  7, 
  have 
  these, 
  and 
  also 
  vi, 
  lower 
  and 
  towards 
  

   posterior 
  border 
  of 
  segment, 
  and 
  two 
  hairs 
  lower 
  still, 
  representing 
  

   vii; 
  the 
  8th 
  has 
  all 
  the 
  tubercles 
  from 
  i 
  and 
  ii 
  down 
  to 
  vi, 
  and 
  

   there 
  are 
  several 
  on 
  the 
  9th 
  abdominal. 
  In 
  this 
  particular 
  pupa, 
  

   the 
  dorsal 
  hairs 
  (i 
  and 
  ii) 
  are 
  0*18mm. 
  apart, 
  on 
  the 
  4th 
  ab- 
  

   dominal 
  segment. 
  All 
  the 
  hairs 
  are 
  very 
  small, 
  curved, 
  and 
  

   clubbed, 
  as 
  already 
  noticed. 
  The 
  last 
  segments, 
  8th, 
  9th, 
  and 
  

   10th 
  abdominals, 
  are 
  inclined 
  to 
  be 
  flat 
  beneath, 
  and 
  also 
  carry 
  ridges 
  

   above, 
  so 
  that 
  they 
  are 
  quadrangular 
  in 
  section 
  ; 
  the 
  upper 
  surface 
  

   narrower 
  than 
  the 
  lower. 
  The 
  8th 
  abdominal 
  segment 
  is 
  very 
  narrow 
  

   ventrally, 
  and 
  the 
  flat 
  surface 
  reaches 
  up 
  to 
  it. 
  There 
  is 
  the 
  usual 
  

   group 
  of 
  cremastral 
  hooks 
  at 
  each 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  surface, 
  and 
  the 
  anal 
  scar 
  is 
  

   rather 
  prominent 
  on 
  it 
  centrally. 
  The 
  front 
  group 
  of 
  hooks 
  consists 
  

   of 
  two 
  portions, 
  one 
  on 
  each 
  genital 
  eminence 
  ; 
  each 
  portion 
  has 
  about 
  

   40 
  hairs, 
  each 
  nearly 
  - 
  2mm. 
  long, 
  with 
  a 
  hook 
  set 
  back 
  closely 
  to 
  the 
  

   stem, 
  and 
  with 
  but 
  little 
  terminal 
  enlargement. 
  The 
  hairs 
  of 
  the 
  anal 
  

   patch 
  are 
  much 
  more 
  numerous, 
  but 
  their 
  appearance 
  is 
  identical. 
  On 
  

   the 
  dorsal 
  aspects 
  of 
  the 
  abdominal 
  segments 
  the 
  sculpturing 
  consists 
  

   of 
  about 
  18 
  or 
  20 
  ridges, 
  running 
  transversely, 
  but 
  not 
  always 
  all 
  the 
  

   way 
  across. 
  They 
  are 
  fairly 
  straight, 
  with 
  no 
  lateral 
  ridges, 
  and 
  are 
  

   quite 
  smooth 
  on 
  the 
  top, 
  the 
  circular 
  pits, 
  that 
  thickly 
  sculpture 
  the 
  

   spaces 
  between, 
  not 
  reaching 
  to 
  theirtops, 
  and 
  producing 
  little 
  or 
  no 
  irregu- 
  

   larity 
  on 
  their 
  flanks. 
  Ventrally, 
  there 
  are 
  similar 
  ridges 
  less 
  marked, 
  

   but 
  more 
  numerous 
  (say 
  26 
  across 
  a 
  segment), 
  and 
  a 
  little 
  encroached 
  

   on 
  by 
  the 
  fine 
  sculpturing, 
  which 
  here, 
  especially 
  in 
  the 
  middle 
  line, 
  

   and 
  to 
  the 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  segments, 
  changes 
  from 
  pits 
  to 
  minute 
  skin- 
  

   spicules 
  (Chapman). 
  The 
  pupa 
  is 
  about 
  half-an-inch 
  in 
  length, 
  is 
  long 
  

   and 
  slender 
  in 
  build, 
  and 
  reminds 
  one 
  strongly 
  of 
  a 
  butterfly 
  pupa, 
  

   particularly 
  that 
  of 
  Thais. 
  The 
  head 
  is 
  very 
  much 
  depressed, 
  the 
  top 
  

   of 
  the 
  thorax, 
  the 
  nosehorn, 
  and 
  the 
  shoulders 
  forming 
  prominences, 
  

   which 
  cause 
  the 
  superficial 
  resemblance 
  to 
  butterfly 
  pupa? 
  ; 
  the 
  wing- 
  

   cases 
  are 
  long 
  and 
  slender, 
  the 
  legs 
  so 
  long 
  that 
  they 
  project 
  quite 
  an 
  

   eighth 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  beyond 
  the 
  tips 
  of 
  the 
  wings 
  ; 
  at 
  the 
  lower 
  extremity 
  

   (from 
  the 
  tips 
  of 
  the 
  wings) 
  they 
  are 
  free. 
  The 
  median 
  abdominal 
  segments 
  

   seem 
  to 
  be 
  all 
  free, 
  as, 
  although, 
  when 
  undisturbed, 
  the 
  pupa 
  remains 
  

   rigid, 
  it 
  will 
  twist 
  violently 
  sideways 
  when 
  interfered 
  with. 
  As 
  before 
  

   mentioned, 
  a 
  remarkable 
  fact 
  about 
  this 
  pupa 
  is 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  

   hooked 
  bristles 
  on 
  the 
  8th 
  abdominal 
  segment, 
  these 
  enabling 
  the 
  

   pupa 
  to 
  maintain 
  a 
  rigid 
  stretched 
  position 
  similar 
  to 
  that 
  assumed 
  by 
  

   many 
  Geometrid 
  larva?. 
  Unfortunately, 
  I 
  have 
  only 
  a 
  small 
  magnifying 
  

   glass 
  (16 
  times), 
  and 
  could 
  not 
  examine 
  them 
  in 
  detail, 
  but 
  they 
  appear 
  

   to 
  be 
  a 
  small 
  clump 
  of 
  short 
  stiff 
  bristles 
  with 
  curved 
  points, 
  and 
  easily 
  

  

  