ADOP^A LINEOLA. 97 



raro fulvas, marginibus late infuscatis. Alas anticse subtus apice nigranti margine 

 interno nigro, parte interiori alse nigra ; posticas fuscescentes, squamis nigris 

 creberrimis eonsitas, spatio anali sordide luteo-fusco. Caetera ut in P. lineola. E. 

 Gallia in Montibus Arvernias (Murat) et Pyrenais (Mabille). 



Mabille further notes that, although near lineola, ludoviciae is a 

 fifth less in size * ; the male of a " fauve rouge " tint, the border 

 wider, and all the nervures marked with black, the discoidal cell closed 

 by a markedly black nervule ; the hindwings often entirely suffused 

 with brown, and so appear to be of a different tint from the forewings ; on 

 the underside, the hindwings are of a deep olive-grey, powdered with 

 black scales, whilst the cellule of the forewings is closed by a black 

 streak. The female is slightly larger and yellower than the male. 

 The Pyrenean examples (Val d'Eyna) are a little paler, and are lacking 

 in the black lunule at end of cell, described as being present in those 

 from Murat. Other minor differences occur, but are difficult to 

 describe. The tip of the antennal club is black as in lineola, whilst 

 the $ sexual streak is rather narrower and longer than in the latter 

 insect. A specimen from the Alps was also observed in Fallou's collec- 

 tion. We have ourselves taken exceptionally dark specimens on the 

 Simplon, and Agassiz reports it for the Haut Valais. 



Egglaying. — Eggs received from Mr. Whittle on July 22nd, 1905, 

 laid in confinement the preceding day; two laid on a flowering spike of 

 Loliion perenne, were quite exposed, four on the spikelets of the flower- 

 ing stem of Cynosurus cristatus, three of which were well hidden by 

 the scabrid glumes of the grass and the fourth partly hidden. The 

 exposed ones were laid quite closely together, whilst of the others, two 

 were laid singly, and two, one on the other, touching each other. The 

 eggs adhere only by a small portion of the base, that flat side of the 

 egg opposite the micropyle (Sich and Tutt). Laid at the end of July 

 and beginning of August on the blades of Triticum in confinement, in rows 

 in the sheath formed by the culm and main stem of the blade. They 

 are attached securely to the grass culm, and the embryo soon develops, 

 but does not leave the egg till towards the end of April, when the larva 

 eats its way out by means of a curiously-frayed opening in the shell 

 (Hawes). 



Ovum (pi. i., fig. 2). — A depressed ovoid egg, smooth to the unaided 

 eye, pale yellowish or whitish-ochreous in colour, and, under a lens, 

 appearing whiter and more opaque, the surface shining, slightly irides- 

 cent, and with a very distinct trace of fine pitting. Its shape (for a 

 butterfly egg) most remarkable, being typically flat (and laid as a flat 

 egg) with three axes of different lengths. In outline it inclines towards 

 an almost true oval ; the edges, however, looked at sideways, thicker 

 than the centre of the egg, so that the upper and under sides are 

 somewhat depressed, the edges themselves smoothly rounded (Tutt, 

 July 22nd, 1905). The micropyle lies in the centre of the large, but 

 not deep, basin on the upper surface of the egg ; the walls rise 

 gradually above this basin and are rounded off over the periphery 

 towards the base, which is much less in area than the space enclosed 

 by the periphery. Surface of the shell very minutely pitted. The 

 sculpture consists of a slightly raised network, enclosing polygonal 

 cells. These are mostly irregular pentagons, about 0-03mm. across, 



* Mabille unfortunately gives no measurements of type or aberration, so that 

 actual comparison is impossible. 



