ADOPTS A FLAVA. 105 



Hautes-Pyrenees — Cauterets (Oberthiir), Le Vernet (Eowland-Brown), Alpes- 

 Maritimes to 2000 m. — Nice, Turbie, etc. (Oberthiir), St. Martin Vesubie (Rowland- 

 Brown), Cannes (Metheri), Ste. Maxime, Entrevaux, Avenos at 1000m. 

 (Powell). Germany : Throughout — Baden, Alsace, Pfalz, Wiirttemberg, Nassau 

 (Beutti), Bremen, Hilden, Elberfeld, Sachsenwald, Eutin, Mecklenburg — Moritz, 

 Pomerania, Frankfort-on-Oder, Brieg, Silesia — Glogau, Dresden, Chemnitz, 

 Leipzig, Dessau, Wernigerode, Thuringia, Cassel, Wiesbaden, Kempten, Constance 

 (Biihl). Greece: Parnassus (Ruhl). Italy: Throughout Tuscany very abundant 

 — Livorno, etc. (Stefanelli), Piedmont, Val Anzasca, Macugnaga, Val Tournanche, 

 Pre St. Didier, Courmayeur, Val Veni (Tutt), Apennines — San Marcello Pistoiese 

 (Verity), near Boscolungo, Certosa di Pesio (Norris), Susa (Rowland-Brown), 

 Lombardy, Abruzzi, Naples (Zeller), Sicily — Syracuse (Bellier), Osimo (Spada), 

 Castelbuono, S. Martino (Struve). Netherlands: Rare (Snellen), Buda (Riihl). 

 Portugal : Between Coimbra and Sao Antonio, Villa Heal (Eaton). Roumania : 

 Dulcesti (Hormuzaki), Comanesti, Tultscha (Caradja). Russia: Baltic Provinces 

 — Livonia, Kurland, etc., common (Nolcken), St. Petersburg,. Moscow, Kaluga, 

 Smolensk, Gorki, Kasan, Orenburg, Novorossiisk on the Black Sea, Caucasus 

 (Ruhl). Scandinavia : southern Sweden — Skania, Blekinge, Sodermanland. 

 Norway: south Norway, extreme south Pinland, Nyland, Karelia (Lampa), 

 Rosersberg (Ruhl); the most northerly locality is Upland (Aurivillius) Servia : 

 Nisch, "Ak-Palanka (Hilf). Spain: Aragon, Castile, Tragacete (Chapman), 

 Grenada (Ramburj, Malaga (Riihl), Andalusia — Sierra de Ronda (Oberthiir), 

 Gibraltar (Parry). Switzerland : Rare and local in the lowlands, e.g., Berne, 

 Liestal, Basle, St. Gall, distributed and generally common in the mountains 

 to 5000ft., e.g., Jura, Valais, Grisons, etc. (Frey), Geneva — Grand Saleve (Tutt), 

 Bergiin (Riihl), Weissenberg (Huguenin), Gondo (Fison), Simplon (Tutt), Pontresina 

 Bad Alveneu, Disentis (Lemann), Thusis (Fountaine), Brusio (Fison), Guarda, 

 Fusio (Chapman), Zermatt Thai — Randa (Harcourt-Bath), Brigue, Ganter Thai 

 (Wheeler), Saas-Thal — Stalden, Hiiteck, Saas-Grund, Almagell, etc., Combe d' 

 Arolla, Hauderes, Satarme, Villar, Evolene, etc. (Tutt), between Sepey and Aigle 

 (Wheeler), Grindelwald (Lowe), Bevers Valley (Nicholson). 



Adop^ea flava, Briinnich. 

 Synonymy. — Species: FlaYa, Briinn., " Pontoppidan's Danske Atlas," i., 

 p. 685 (1763) ; Prout, " Trans. City Lond. Ent. Soc," p. 53 (1898) ; " Ent. Rec," 

 xiii., p. 346 (1901). Comma, Barbut, "Linn. Gen. Ins.,' : p. 173, in part, desc. 

 (1781). Thaumas, Hiifn., "Berl. Mag.," ii., p. 62 (1766); Rott., "Nat.," vi., 

 p. 4 (1775) ; Esp., "Die Schmett.," i., pi. xxxvi. (supp. xii.j, rigs. 2, 3 (1777) ; 

 p. 344 (1779) ; xcviii. (cont. lii.), figs. 5-10 (1785) ; Schneid., " Sys. Beschr. Eur. 

 Schmett.," p. 273 (1785); Bork., "Sys. Besch.," i., pp. 181, 285; ii., p. 236 

 (1788) ; " Scriba, " Journal," iii., pp. 244-7 (1791) ; Lewin, "Insects," &c, p. 94, 

 pi. xlv., figs. 5-7 (1795) ; Led., " Verh. zool.-bot. Gesel.," ii., p. 26 (1852) ; Hein., 

 "Schmett. Deutsch.," p. 117 (1859); Staud., "Cat.," 1st ed., p. 15 (1861); 

 Kirby, " Eur. Butts.," p. 22 (1862) ; Snell., " De Vlinders," p.^87 (lb67) ; Nolck., 

 "Lep. Fn. Estl.," p. 83 (1868); Kirby, " Syn. Cat.," 609, 829 (1871); Staud., 

 " Cat.," 2nd ed., p. 35 (1871) ; Mill., " Cat. Lep. Alp. -Mar.," p. 116 (1872) ; Curd, 

 "Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital.," p. 216 (1874>; Kirby, "Eur. Butts.," p. 66 (1879) ; Lang, 

 "Butts. Eur.," p. 350, pi. lxxxi., fig. 9 (1884); Kane, "Eur. Butts.," p. 146 

 (1885); Auriv., " Nord. Fjar.," p. 39, pi. vii., fig. 14 (1889) ; Watson, "Proc. Zool. 

 Soc. Lond.," p. 98 (1893); Riihl, "Pal. Gross- Schmett.," pp. 638, 828 (1895); 

 Meyrick, " Handbook," etc., p. 358 (1895); Tutt, "Brit. Butts.," p. 139 (1896); 

 Kirby, "Handbook," iii., p. 20 (1897); Staud., "Cat.," 3rd ed., p. 92 (1901); 

 Lamb., " Pap. Belg.," p. 270 (1902). Linea, Mull., " Mel. Soc. Turin," hi., p. 192 

 (1766); Schiff., " Schmett. Wien.," p. 160 (1775) ; Bergstr., " Nomencl.," pi. xc, 

 figs. 5-8, p. 38 (1780); Fab., "Mant.,"ii.,p.84(1787); "Ent. Sys.," iii., p. 336 (1793); 

 Hb., "Eur. Schmett.," pi. xcvi., figs. 485-486 <? , 487 ? (1802); text p. 72 (circ. 

 1805) ; "Larv. Lep.," i., Pap. II., Gens Ec, fig. 2a (circ. 1800) ; Schrank, "Fauna 

 Boica," ii., pt. i., p. 159 (1801); 111., "Schmett. Wien.," 2nd ed., ii., p. 146 

 (1801); Haw., " Lep. Brit.," p. 51 (1803) ; Ochs., "Die Schmett.," i., pt. 2, p. 228 

 (1808); Latr., " Consid. Gen.," p. 208 (1S10) ; Leach, " Edin. Encycl.," ix., 

 p. 130 (1815); Oken, "Lehrb. Zool.," hi., pt. 1, p. 759 (1815); Ochs., "Die 

 Schmett.," iv., p. 34 (1816); Dalm., "Vet. Ak. Handl.," xxxvii., p. 200 (1816) ; 

 Hb., "Verz.," p. 113 (1816) ; Latr., " Enc. Meth.," p. 770 (1819); Sam., "Ent. 

 Comp.," p. 242 (1819); Goclt., "Hist. Nat.," i., p. 233, pi. xii., fig. 3., pi. xii 

 tert., fig. 2 (1821) ; Bdv., "Eur. Lep. Ind.," p. 27 (1829) ; Stphs., " Sys. Cat.," 

 pt. 2, p. 27 (1829) ; Meig., " Eur. Schmett.," p. 69, pi. lvi., figs. 4 a-d (1830) ; Bdv., 



