132 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



Schmett.," p. 67, pi. lvi., figs. Sa-c (1830); Treits., "Die Schmett.," x., p. 248 

 (1834); Bdv., " Gen. et Ind. Meth.," p. 35 (1840); Dup., "Cat. Meth.," p. 35 

 (1840); Evers., "Faun. Volg.-Ural.," p. 87 (1844); H.-Scb.. "Sys. Bearb.," 

 p. 159 (1846) ; Led., "Verb, zool.-bot. GeseL." ii., p. 26 (1852) ; Speyer, " Geog. 

 Verb.," p. 286 (1858); Hein., " Scbmett. Deutscb.," p. 117 (1859); Staud., 

 "Cat.," 1st ed., p. 15 (1861) ; Wallgrn., " Skand. Dagf.," p. 262 (1853) ; Newm., 

 "Brit. Butts.," p. 171 (1869) ; SnelL, " De Vlinders," etc., p. 86 (1867) ; Nolck., 

 "Lep. Fn. Estl.," p. 83 (1868) ; Staud., "Cat.," 2nd ed., p. 35 (1871); Mill., 

 "Cat. Lep. Alp.-Mar.," p. 116 (1872); Curo, "Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital.," vi., p. 216 

 (1874); Frey, "Lep. Scbweiz," p. 55' (1880) ; Lang, "Butts. Eur.," p. 352, 

 pi. 82, fig. 1 (1884); Kane, "Eur. Butts.," p. 147 (1885) ; Auriv., " Nord. Fjar.," 

 p. 39, pi. vii., fig. 13 (1889); Dale, "Brit. Butts.," p. 213 (1890) ; Barr., "Lep. 

 Brit. Isl.," p. 289, pi. xxxix., figs. 1-ld (1893). Pamphila, Oken, " Lebrb. 

 Zool.," iii., pt. 1, p. 759 (1815); Stephs., " Illus. Brit. Ent.," p. 101 (1828); 

 " Ins. Cat.," p. 28 (1829) ; Wood, "Ind. Ent.," p. 9, fig. 80 (1839) ; Humpb. and 

 Westd., "Brit. Butts.," p. 127, pi. xl., figs. 4-6 (1841) ; Dbldy., " Syn. List," p. 2 

 (1850); Westd. and Hewits., "Gen. Diurn. Lep.," p. 522 (1852) ; Sta., " Man.," 

 i., p. 69 (1857); Kirby, "Eur. Butts.," p. 123 (1862); Butl., "Cat. Diurn. 

 Lep.," p. 277 (1869^; Kirby, "Syn. Cat.," p. 602 (1871); " Eur. Butts.," p. 65 

 (1882); Buckler, "Larvae," etc., L, pp. 141-196, pi. xvii., fig. 4 (1886); Bnhl, 

 "Pal. Gross-Scbmett.," pp. 643, 828 (1895) ; Meyr., " Handbk.," p. 359 (1895); 

 Tutt, "Brit. Butts.," p. 126(1896). Heteropterus, Ramb., " Faun. And.," p. 307 

 (1839); "Cat. Lep. And.," p. 88 (1858). Erynnis, Wats., " Proc. Zool. Soc. 

 Lond,," p. 103 (1893). 



The genus Aiujiades contains only one British species, sylvanus, 

 Esp. It is extremely closely allied to Urbicola, of which also we have 

 one British species, comma, L. Hiibner described (Yerzeiclniis*, p. 112) 

 the coitus comprising this genus as follows : — ■ 



Die Fliigel oben gelb, unten weiss gewiirfelt — Augiades crinisus, Cram., 

 arcdlaux, Cram., comma, Linn., sylvanus, Esp., lielirius, Cram., curibatcs, Cram. 



The genus was diagnosed later by Watson (Proc. Zool. Soc. Loud., 



1893, p. 103) who separated it from the genus Urbicola (called by this 



author, Erynnis) as follows : — 



Antennas with club robust, elongate, terminal crook short. Palpi : second 

 joint laxly scaled, third joint short, obtusely conical. Forewing : inner margin 

 slightly longer than outer margin, cell less than two-thirds the length of costa, vein 

 5 from close to bottom of cell, vein 3 immediately before the end of cell, vein 2 in 

 male considerably, in female slightly, nearer to base of wing than to end of cell. 

 Hindwing: Vein 7 well before the end of cell, discocellulars faint, vein 5 not 

 traceable, vein 3 immediately before the end of cell, many times farther from 2 

 than from 4, vein 2 considerably nearer to end of cell than to base of wing. Hind 

 tibiae with a long fringe and with two pairs of spurs. Male with a linear discal 

 stigma on forewing, extending from origin of vein 3 to as far as vein 1 — Augiades 

 sylvanus, Esp., herculea, Butl., venata, Brem. 



Augiades sylvanus, * Esp. 



Synonymy. — Species: Sylvanus, Esp., " Scbmett. Eur.," i., pi. xxxvi. (supp. 

 xii.). fig. 1, ? (1777) ; p. 343, ? (1779) ; Scbneid., " Sys. Bescb. Eur. Scbmett.," 

 p. 273(1785); Fab., " Riant.," p. 84 (1787); Bork., "Sys. Bescb.," i., pp. ISO, 

 285 (1788); ii., p. 236 (ITS'.)); Fab!, "Ent. Sys.," iii., p. 326 (1793); Lewin, 

 " Insects," etc., p. 96, pi. xlvi., figs. 1-3 (1795) ; Don., "Brit. Ins.," pi. 254. tig. 

 2, p. 8 (1799) ; Hb., "Eur. Schmett.," pi. xcv., figs. 482 <J , 4s;5-4 ? (1802) ; text 

 p. 72 (circ. 1S05) ; Haw., "Lep. Brit.," p. 50 (1803) [and all other references 

 under the generic name Augiades (anted, pp. 131-2) except those mentioned below, 

 are referable to sylvanus], [? Sylvestris, Poda, " Ins. Mus. Grace," p. 79 (1761).] 

 Comma, Scopoli, " Ent. Cam.," p. 181 (1763). Silvanus, Bergstr., "Nomenclatur," 

 etc., pi. lxxxix., fig. 135 (copied from Esper), p. 37 (1780). Melicerta, Bergstr., 

 "Nomenclatur," etc., pi. xc, fi^s. 1-1, p. 38 (1780) ; Hoik., " Sys. Besch.," i., pp. 

 iso, 285 (1788). 



Original description.* — Papilio, Plebeius, Urbicola sylvanus.- Alia 



* There is little doubt in our mind that this species is the sylvestHs of Poda 

 (1761), as, indeed, Scopoli appears to have known in 176:!. The description of 



poda'd sylvestris is as follows: "/'./'. sylvestris. Mis integerrimis flavis limbo 



