148 BRITISH BUTTERFLIESg 



(Oldaker) ; June 27th, 1903, in West Sussex (Bird) ; June llth-July 

 2nd, in Isle of Purbeck (Bankes) ; July 5th, 1903, at North Shoebury 

 (Whittle) ; July 11th, 1903, at Wendover (Turner) ; July 25th, 1903, 

 at Oxshott (Pickett) ; June 10th, 1904, at Reading (Butler) ; June, 

 1904, in the New Forest (Barraud) ; June 19th, 1904, at North 

 Shoebury (Whittle) ; June 28th-July 10th, 1904, at Mucking 

 (Burrows) ; end of June, 1904, near Kirkmaiden (Gordon) ; June 26th, 

 1904, June 8th, 1905, at Hazeleigh (Kaynor) ; June 5th, 1905, 

 common at Beading (Butler) ; June, 24th, 1905, at Sledmere (Tetley); 

 June 24th, 1905, at Noak Hill; July 1st, 1905, at Oxted (Harrison) ; 

 June 25th-26th, 1905, at Sunny Braes (Gordon). 



Habits. — The short, rapid nights of this species, and its strange habit 

 of moving round and round on a leaf were noticed in 1778 by Harris, who 

 says that "whenever they settle, which is very frequent, as they are never 

 long on the wing, they are sure to turn halfway round, and sometimes 

 quite round ; when on the wing they have a skipping motion, which 

 is effected by reason of their closing their wings so often in their 

 passage ; whenever they settle they also close their wings." Lewin 

 also notes that " its flight is very short, but when on a bush or shrub 

 it is almost constantly in motion, skipping or leaping from leaf to 

 leaf." We have ourselves noticed its apparent preference for bramble 

 and hazel on which to rest if in its locality. Baynor says that it has 

 also a habit of flying rapidly up and down the sheltered side of a 

 sunny hedge. The upright position of the forewings and horizontal 

 position of the hindwings, as the insect sidles round, must have been 

 noted by everybody. The butterfly sits with its wings right up over its 

 back when sucking honey from a flower, also when quite at rest or when 

 asleep, but when sunning allows its forewings to drop considerably 

 until they make an angle of perhaps 30° from the horizontal, the 

 hindwings being allowed to drop still lower. When it first settles, it 

 holds both wings together up vertically over its back, then lets fore- 

 and hindwings down together for about 30°, when the lower ones are 

 still further depressed as noted above. The hindwings are, however, 

 never depressed horizontally to anything like the amount noticeable 

 in Adopaealineola ovA.Jiava. When disturbed the hindwings arequickly 

 drawn up to the inclination of the forewings and the insect starts 

 suddenly and rapidly off. It chooses generally a leaf on which to sun, 

 but also very frequently a flower, and it abounds in various places — 

 by the sides of hedges, in woodridings and clearings in woods (loving 

 particularly sunny corners), downs where shrubby herbage and bushes 

 occur, and we have seen it abundant in lucerne fields, in a clover field 

 above Gresy-sur-Aix, flowery mountain slopes (between Bourg St. 

 Maurice and Bonneval-Bains, and Pre St. Didier and Courmayeur), 

 occasionally drinking at the roadside runnels on the rocky mountain 

 paths, although less usually so than any of its near relations. It was 

 particularly abundant in 1905 at Gresy-sur-Aix, at the end of July at 

 Bourg St. Maurice, and at Pre St. Didier in early August. We found worn 

 specimens on the flat in the Val Veni, nearly up to the foot of the 

 Glacier de Miage on August 12th, at an elevation of some 5000 ft. 

 Dupont notes that at Pont de l'Arche the species rests habitually on 

 the leaves of the bushes in the forest, and Schiitze that in Upper 

 Lusatia it prefers the fronds of Pteris aquilina on which to rest. 



Habitat. — In Britain, the ridings and open places in woods, bushy 



