152 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



Heidelberg (Reutti), Alsace — throughout (Spuler), the Palatinate (Bertram). 

 Greece: Mesolonghi (Fountaine), Corfu (de la Garde), Parnassus, Acarnania, 

 Negropont (Riihl). Italy: Piedmontese Valleys — Pre St. Didier, Courmayeur, 

 Val Veni, Susa, Bobbie, Torre Pellice, Crissolo (Tutt), Certosa di Pesio (Norris), 

 throughout Tuscany (Stefanelli), Appenines — near Boscolungo (Norris), Lake 

 Como (Fountaine), Lombardy (Turati), Roman Campagna (Caradja), Messina 

 (Riihl), Sicily — Etna to 1400m., Madonie, S. Martino, Ficuzza (Struve), Messina, 

 Calabria (Isis, 1847), Malamocco (de la Garde). Netherlands : rather rare — 

 South Holland (Snellen), Brabant, Flanders (Riihl). Roumania : throughout, 

 near Comanesti, Tulcea, Slanic at 900m. (Caradja). Russia: Caucasus 

 (Bramson), Baltic Provinces — throughout (Nolcken), Kasan, Ural dist. — Busuluk, 

 Sergievsk (Eversmann), Gorki, Black Sea district — Novorosiisk (Riihl). Scan- 

 dinavia : Sweden south, Helsingland (Lampa), Norway south and centre — 

 Sireosen, Haegstoil, Ose (Strand), Saeterstoen, Disenaen, etc. (Standen), northeast 

 Scania (Wallengren), Lapland, very rare (Zetterstedt), Odalen, near Skien, Naes 

 Vaerk, Bergedal, Tyldal, near Christiania (Siebke), Stryn (Pettersen). Servia : 

 Nisch (Hilf). Spain : Albarracin, Tragacete (Chapman), Mont Seny (Nicholl), 

 Andalusia — Sierra Prieta (Rambur), Sierra Nevada, Bilbao (Riihl), Punto de 

 Pajares (Chapman). Switzerland : widely distributed — going high into the moun- 

 tains up to 6000ft. on the Stelvio (Frey), Rhone Valley — Aigle (Sheldon), Sepey 

 (Wheeler), La Roche (Tutt), Villars, Gryon (Moss), Juras — St. Georges (Wheeler), 

 the Faucille (Tutt), Bernese Oberland — Grindelwald, Macolin (Lowe), Visp-Thal — 

 Stalden to Zermatt, Saas-Thal — Stalden to Saas-Grund, Val d'Herens — Useigne to 

 Evolene, etc., Grand-Saleve near Geneva, Locarno (Tutt), Fusio, Guarda (Chap- 

 man), Zurich, Bergiin (Riihl), Lausanne (Fountaine). Turkey: Port Baklar 

 (Walker). 



Genus : Urbicola [Linne] , Barbut. 

 Synonymy. — Genus: Urbicola, Barbut, "Gen. Ins. Linn.," p. 173 (pars ref. 

 to Linne, no. 162 (1781). [Papilio- Plebeius-] Urbicola, Linne, " Syst. Nat.," 

 10th ed., p. 484 (1758) ; 12th ed., p. 793 (1767) ; Fab., " Sys. Ent.," p. 531 (1775) ; 

 Esp., "Schmett. Eur.," i., pi. xxiii., figs, la-h (1777); p. 300 (1779); Goeze, 

 "Ent. Beit.," ii., pt. 3, p. 101 (1780); Fab., "Spec. Ins.," ii., p. 131 (1781); 

 " Mant.," ii., p. 84 (1787) ; Bork., " Sys. Besch.," i., pp. 179, 284 (1788) ; Schwarz, 

 " Neu. Raupenkal.," p. 180 (1791) ; Haw., " Lep. Brit.," p. 50 (1803). Papilio, 

 Linn., "Faun. Suec," 2nd ed., p. 285 (1761) ; Hiifn., " Berl. Mag.," ii., pp. 74, 

 89 (1766); Fuess., " Verz.," p. 32(1775); Schiff., " Schmett. Wien.," 1st ed., 

 p. 160 (1775); Rott., "Naturf.," vi., p. 8 (1775); Harris, " Eng. Lep.," p. 6 

 (1775) ; Miiller, " Zool. Dan. Prod.," p. 115 (1776) ; Retz., " Gen. et Spec," p. 31 

 (1783); Schneider, "Sys. Besch. Eur. Schmett.," p. 272 (1785) ; Lewin, "Ins.," 

 etc., p. 94; pi. xlv., figs. 1-2 (1775); Hb., "Eur. Schmett.," pi. xcv., figs. 479, 

 480, 481 (1802; ; p. 72 (circ. 1805) ; 111., " Schmett. Wien.," 2nd ed., p. 146 (1801) ; 

 Ochs., "Die Schmett.," i., pt. 2, p. 224 (1808) ; Godt., "Hist. Nat.," i., p. 237, 

 pi. xii. tert., fig. 4 (1821); Freyer, "Neu. Beit.," vii., p. 79, pi. 646, figs, la-d 

 (1858). [Papilio-] Plebeius, Mull., "Faun. Frid.," p. 37 (1764). [Hesperia-] 

 Urbicola, Fab., "Ent. Syst.," hi., pt. 1, p. 325 (1793). Erynnis, Schrank, 

 " Faun. Boica," ii., pt. 1, p. 159 (1801) ; Watson, "Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.," p. 99 

 (1893)*; Kirby, " Handbook," etc., iii., p. 24 (1897); Grote, "Proc. Sth. Lond. 

 Ent. Soc," p. 59 (1897). Hesperia, Latr., "Hist. Nat.," xiv., p. 124 (1805); 

 41 Gen. Crust.," iv., p. 356 (1809) ; " Consid. Gen.," p. 208 (1810) ; Leach, "Edin. 

 Encycl.," ix., p. 130 (1815); Ochs., "Die Schmett.," iv., p. 34 (1816) ; Dalin., 

 " Vet. Ak. Handl.," xxxvii., p. 201 (1816) ; Latr., " Enc Moth.," p. 169 (1819) ; 

 Sam., " Ent. Comp.," p. 242 (1819) ; Bdv., "Eur. Lep. Ind. Meth.," p. 27 (1829); 

 Meig., "Eur. Schmett.," p. 66 (1830) ; Treits., "Die Schmett.," x., p. 248 (1834); 

 Bdv., "Ind. Meth.," p. 35 (1840); Zett., "Ins. Lap.," p. 915 (1840); Dup., 

 " Cat. Meth.," p. 35 (1840) ; Evers., " Faun. Volg.-Ural.," p. 87 (1844); H.-Sch., 

 " Sys. Bearb.," p. 159 (1846); Dup., "Icon. Chen.," p. 213 (1849) ; Led., " Verh. 

 zool.-bot. Gesell.," ii., p. 26 (1852); Speyer, " Geog. Verb.," p. 286 (1858); 

 Hein., "Schmett. Deutsch.," p. 117 (1859) ; Wallgrn., " Skand. Dagf.," p. 260 

 <1853) ; Newm., " Brit. Butts.," p. 172 (1870) ; Snell., " De Vlind.," p. 85 (1867) ; 

 Nolck., "Lep. Fn. Estl.," p. 84 (1868); Staud., "Cat.," 2nd ed., p. 35 (1871); 

 Mill., " Cat. Lep. Alp.-Mnr.," p. 116 (1872) ; Curd, "Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital.," p. 216 

 (1874); Frey, "Lep. Schweiz," p. 55 (1880); Lang, "Butts. Eur.," p. 353, 



* By a stupid blunder this reference is erroneously accredited as a synonym of 

 Augiades (antra, p. 132), it should of course be deleted there. 



