162 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



Only three examples were captured on the Jouldousse, in the Thian-Shan, in July. 

 There is no doubt that the examples belong to a variety which, beyond its shape, 

 presents a combination of characters peculiar to other local forms. The examples 

 were captured at from 8000ft. -9000ft. elevation (Alpheraky). 



This appears to be, without doubt, the Central Asian dark moun- 

 tain form, not, perhaps, unlike many Central European examples. 

 Alpheraky is wrong, however, in making catena a dark upperside form, 

 as has already been shown. Kuhl notes (Pal, Gross- Schmett., i., p. 648) 

 mixta as being the opposite of var. repugnans, since the underside much 

 resembles the type, whereas the upperside is as light as in light Augiades 

 sylvanus ; it is easily to be distinguished from the latter by. the silver- 

 gleaming, comma-marks, etc. We cannot understand these remarks, nor 

 Riihl's further notes, which entirely contradict Alpheraky's original de- 

 scription quoted above, and misled us into our remarks (Brit. Butts., p. 

 130). Specimens in the British Museum collection from Jhela Drosh, in 

 1898, and others from the Shishi Kah Valley, Chitral, taken in July- 

 August, 1891, at from 9000ft. -14000ft. elevation, undoubtedly belong 

 here. Those from the first locality are very fine in colour, in both sexes, 

 a deep fulvous-brown with dark margins, the basal areas of all the wings, 

 to beyond middle, of uniform tint throughout, with the ordinary row of 

 spots, however, nearly obsolete, owing to their similarity with the sur- 

 rounding colour. The underside of hindwings greenish ; the anal area cut 

 off sharply and yellowish, the spots of hindwings very white (in one united 

 = &h. mixta- conflua), as are also those at apex of fore wings. Those examples 

 from the higher mountains are more fuscous on the upperside, especially 

 on the outer margin, and the upper spots of the transverse row across 

 fore wing are, in the $ s, paler. These latter agree absolutely with the 

 lato of Grum-Grshimailo (Hor. Soc. Ent. i?oss.,xxv.,p. 459), diagnosed 

 as follows : " Supra alis multo obscurioribus, nigro-fuscis, basin versus 

 fulvescentibus, maculis fulvis ; subtus anticis fulvo-rubescentibus, ad 

 marginem internum pallidioribus, areis basali et interna nigris, costa 

 apiceque viridibus, maculis quinque apicalibus flavis, duabus disci dilute 

 fulvis, extus late nigrescenti adumbratis ; posticis viridibus, ad angulum 

 analem fulvis, maculis quadrangularibus, magis a margine externo 

 distantibus, albis. Fimbria flavida. Antennis obscurioribus. Specimen 

 unicum in montibus Dshachar collectum." We quite agree with 

 Staudinger in uniting lato, Gr.-Gr., with mixta, Alph. Staudinger 

 diagnoses it (Cat., p. 92) as " alis anterioribus supra extus obscurioribus, 

 alis posterioribus subtus viridibus distinctissimo albo-maculatis. From 

 Thian-Shan, Fergana, southwest Pamirs, ? eastern Nan-Shan moun- 

 tains, southeast Siberia, Kentei." 



American forms of Urbicola comma. 



Students of the American forms of U. comma must study Scudder's 

 article, "The species of the lepidopterous genus Pamphila" (Mem. 

 Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., ii., pp. 341 et scq., pi. x-xi). Scudder inclines 

 to the view that there are a number of closely-allied, distinct American 

 species allied to U. comma. His figures, descriptions, etc., suggest 

 the contrary, and we can only assume that he had altogether too little 

 European (and American) material for comparison. Speyer's material, 

 too, appears to have been of the scantiest, and it appears incredible 

 that the British Museum collection is absolutely wanting in 

 types of the American forms — with the exception of three specimens 



