HESPERIA MALViE. 239 



the membrane. The other divides into two terminally, but looks as if 

 it wanted to divide more deeply. The skin-points are very fine, about 

 0'02mm. apart, with a compound apex, and with lines, in a somewhat 

 hexagonal pattern, running from one to another. The true legs are 

 fuscous or nearly black, the 3rd joint rather long and narrow ; claw 

 brown, short, with battledore palpus ; the 1st and 2nd joints have many 

 hairs, the 3rd joint only terminal ones. The prolegs have a complete 

 circle of crochets, larger on inner side. In some specimens the circle 

 has no sign whatever of a break, in others one crochet at inner 

 posterior aspect is slightly separated from its neighbours ; the circle 

 could be described as broken if this hook were absent. The hooks are 

 well curved into about three-quarters of a circle ; they are in alternate 

 sizes, 29 of each in one instance when counted ; the base or pedicel of 

 the leg has numerous true hairs, i.e., simple, ordinary, pointed forms. 

 The anal plate is rounded behind, with sides approximating in front, 

 and is about 1mm. across, and carries numerous true hairs, with very 

 fine filamentous tip, the longest about 0*4mm. long. The anal comb 

 underneath this is about 06mm. long, narrower at its base, and 

 spreading to the ends of the spines ; each of these seems to arise quite 

 at the base, a rib running down the comb from the base to each point. 

 There are about 10 long ones and 4 or 5 shorter ones on each side 

 (Chapman, August 20th, 1905). 



Colour changes in larva. — First imtar (June 12th, 1874) : When 

 newly -hatched, its colour is very pale green, with head and collar 

 shining black ; every tubercular dot bears a pale bristle, longish and 

 straight on the head and anal segment, but, on the other segments bifid, 

 with the tips curved on either side like an unbarbed double fish-hook. 

 Month old (July 9th) : About 4mm. long, the colour pale purplish-pink, 

 the head still black. Five weeks old (July 17th) : About 12mm. long, 

 pale green again, the whole skin thickly set with short straight hairs. 

 [The bifid bristles appear to be lost at the 1st moult.] Fullgrown 

 (August) : The last moult took place on August 1st ; the larva soon 

 attained its full length, 16mm., afterwards increasing only in stout- 

 ness. When fullgrown, it is very stout; the head horny, globular, and 

 stuck like a knob on the prothorax, which, however, is not so strikingly 

 narrow as in Nisoniades tages ; the skin granulated in appearance ; the 

 head and whole body covered thickly with short fine pale hairs ; the 

 general colour a pale ochreous-green, the prothorax pinkish, and a faint 

 reddish tinge over the back of the other front segments ; a thin dorsal, 

 and somewhat broader subdorsal, line, not easy to be seen, of the ground 

 colour, and a faint spiracular line; the spiracles not much darker than 

 the ground colour, ringed with the same tint as the lines ; the belly 

 freckled ; the head and collar very dark purplish-brown, the upper lip 

 paler (Hellins). 



Puparium. — The fullfed larva spins a little cave between two or 

 three bramble-leaves, similar to those in which the larvae live, but 

 fastened with stouter silk, and the openings protected by a loose, pale, 

 yellow webbing, and, in this, pupation takes place (Hellins). The first 

 point to strike one about the cocoon is that it is made of yellow silk, not of 

 white silk like that used in building the larval tents. This yellow colour 

 appears to be not inherent in the silk, but of the nature of a stain, and 

 applied to the silk after it has left the spinneret. I noticed some of the 

 silk strands were more deeply stained in one part than in others, and 



