265 



examples ; 3 J s deeper tinted, darker brown markings ; nearer the 

 Torre Pellice specimens. (3) Torre Pellice, July 25th-31st, 1901 : 

 Deep rich sooty-brown in both sexes ; 8 $ s and 2 $ s, inclined to uni- 

 colorous, with 2 ill-developed darker transverse bands almost lost in 

 ground colour, no grey shading; 2 Js and 1 $ , of the same deep 

 fuliginous tint, but with a slight tinge of grey in the discal area ; in 

 all, the marginal row of white spots small and conspicuous, hind wings 

 unicolorous fuliginous-brown ; 2 g s paler brown, like the examples 

 from Susa. (4) Fusio, 1 $ , almost exactly of the dark brown Torre 

 Pellice form. Wheeler notes (Butts, of Switz., p. 8) that there are 3 

 directions in which individuals of this species vary, viz. (1) Distinctness 

 of markings, sometimes almost obsolete. (2) Colour of lighter central 

 band of upperside of forewings — brown, grey, or slightly reddish. (3) 

 Extent of inner line of white dots on upperside of wing, varying from 

 a single spot on the costa to a complete series. The specially described 

 forms are as follows : — 



1. Ground colour dark brownish-black tinged with violet, and wide, greyish, 

 median band = ab. isabellae, Lamb. 



2. Dark black-brown, with two wide black transverse bands; the outer edged 

 with grey; the median space recldish = var. (et ab.) cervantes, Grasl. 



3. Uniform blackish-brown = var. (et ab.) unicolor, Frr. 



4. Very light grey in colour = ab. clarus, Caradja. 



5. Grey-green ground colour, with distinct black and white markings = var. 

 pojyoviana, Nordn. 



6. Pale grey in colour, strongly marked, central fimbria pale ; underside with 

 pale spots = var. shiina, Grum-Grsh. 



This tabulation, however, is not at all characteristic of the forms 

 of western and southwestern Europe, and the following tabulation 

 perhaps better comprises those that have come under our notice— 



rWith transverse markings obsolete = tages, Linn. 

 With ill-developed transverse markings = ab. alcoides, 



] With well-developed transverse markings = ab. trans- 



versa, n. ab. 

 LWith strongly grey median area = ab. variegata, n. ab. 

 fWith transverse markings obsolete = ab. brunnea- 



unicolor, n. ab. 



With ill-developed transverse markings = ab. brunnea- 



alcoides, n. ab. 



2. Warm fuliginous-brown-^ w .,, ',, -, -, -, , , . , 



° > With well-developed transverse markings = ab. 



brunned-lransversa, n. ab. 



With strongly grey median area = ab. brunnea- 



< variegata, n. ab. 



r With transverse markings obsolete = ab. unicolor, 



Frr. 



With ill-developed transverse markings = ab. suffusa- 



3 Blackish-fuscous 4 alcoides, n. ab. 



^ With well-developed transverse markings = ab. suffusa- 

 transversa, n. ab. 

 With strongly grey median area = ab. suffusa- 

 variegata, n. ab. 



Of the forms noted in this tabulation, one often finds traces of the 

 grey scaling medially, in both the alcoides and transversa forms, with- 

 out their developing into a marked grey band, and without an inclination 

 for the grey to extend beyond the dark transverse bands, as is the case 

 in variegata. Such a tabulation as this is, of course, at best, only an 

 approximation to the actual variation, and leaves much undealt with 

 and unnoticed. 



